What kind of perseverance and spirit do these two poems reflect?

What do you want to send, canopy? Dare not turn over, met.

A broken hat covers the downtown, and a leaky boat carries wine.

Fierce-browed, I coolly defy a thousand pointing fingers, Head-bowed, like a willing ox I serve the children.

Hiding in the small building into a unified, regardless of winter Xia Chunqiu.

Precautions:

This poem was written on 1932 10/0/2. Scene: It means joking. Gai Hua: The name of the star. According to superstition, when Gai Huaxing shines on the head of a layman, this person will be unlucky. Lu Xun said in Gai Hua Ji Ming: "I have never learned fortune-telling in my life, but I heard from the old man that people sometimes have to pay Gai Hua for luck ... This luck is good luck for monks: having a canopy on the top is a symbol of becoming a Buddha and making ancestors, but laity can't. When the canopy is at the top, it will be covered and we have to hit a nail. " What do you want: What else do you want? 3 Yan: face. 4 middle reaches: the middle of the river. The finger of censure refers to the siege and abuse of Lu Xun by various reactionary forces at that time. Bow: bow your head. Ruzi Niu: According to Zuo Zhuan, Qi Jinggong often dressed as an ox, with a rope in his mouth, and let his son ride it. Originally, the boy was a child, but here the author compares the boy to a human being, giving new life to the story of "boy cow". Unity: There is a unified small world. These two sentences mean that no matter what the outside climate is, that is, no matter how sinister the environment becomes, the author always takes literature and art as a weapon and insists on fighting in his combat post.

Brief analysis:

This poem embodies the author's great communist spirit, indomitable fighting perseverance and proletarian feelings with clear love and hate. It is the most famous poem of the author.

Mao Zedong once pointed out in "On New Democracy" that "Lu Xun is the commander-in-chief of China's cultural revolution. He is not only a great writer, but also a great thinker and revolutionary. Lu Xun's bones are the hardest. He has no servility and obsequiousness, which is the most precious character of colonial and semi-colonial people. Lu Xun is the most correct, courageous, resolute, loyal and enthusiastic unprecedented national hero on the cultural front, representing the majority of the whole nation. " It can be seen from this poem that the author deserves such an evaluation. Under the dark rule of the Kuomintang, the author had no freedom of speech, so he protested in the form of cynical essays. His articles are like daggers and spears. The Kuomintang authorities tried every means to persecute such a heroic soldier. What do you want to send, canopy? I dare to turn over and meet at the end. A broken hat covered the face of the bustling city, and the wine leaked from the ship overflowed. Several typical life segments are selected to describe the author's situation vividly and generally. Under the rule of the Kuomintang regime, white terror was sinister, various forces besieging Lu Xun were rampant, the downtown was dirty and disgusting, and life was turbulent. It's like getting rich. These four sentences express Lu Xun's hatred, contempt and uncompromising attitude towards the dark society and reactionary forces. No matter how sinister the situation is, the white terror of the Kuomintang or the abuse from other parties can't make the author take a step back. He "has a beard and eyebrows and a thousand fingers" and is tit for tat with all kinds of enemies. He is fearless, brave and tenacious, showing the revolutionary fighting style of proletarian soldiers. While expressing his strong hatred for the enemy, he enthusiastically expressed his willingness to be the "cow" of the proletariat and the working people. How sincere the author is about the people! Mao Zedong said in "Speech at Yan 'an Forum on Literature and Art": "Two poems by Mr. Lu Xun,' Look at a thousand fingers coldly, bow your head and be a willing ox', should be our motto. There are 1000 enemies here, and we will never give in to any evil enemy. The obedient sons here are the proletariat and the masses. All * * * party member, all revolutionaries and all revolutionary literary and art workers should follow the example of Lu Xun, be the "cows" of the proletariat and the masses, and do their best until they die.

translate

How can you want to have a good thing if you are unlucky? Lying in bed can't even turn your head against the wall. So I broke my hat in the street to cover my face, for fear of being seen and causing unexpected disasters. I am like the wine in a leaky boat, spinning in the torrent in the middle of the river, and I am in danger of being swallowed up by the river at any time, and I can't escape bad luck! I am unpopular, and many people scold me, scold me and curse me. I should have died without illness, but I have to live as usual, without moving my eyebrows, without being sad or angry. It's shameless. I also know that I have no ambition and no ability, but I am really a loser. I am willing to play the old cow at home and let my children lead me and play with them. However, I am timid when I am scolded by others. As long as I have a small building to live in, hiding in it will become a unified country, and I don't care about anything outside.

Make an appreciative comment

This is a well-known poem. Comrade Mao Zedong said in "Speech at Yan 'an Forum on Literature and Art": "Two poems by Mr. Lu Xun:' Bow your head and be a willing ox' should be our motto. The "thousand commandments" here refer to the enemy, and we will never give in to any vicious enemy. The "obedient children" here refer to the masses of the proletariat. All * * * party member, all revolutionaries and all revolutionary literary and art workers should follow the example of Lu Xun and be the' cows' of the proletariat and the people, and do their best until they die. " This paper expounds the positive implication of this connection in the poem extremely accurately, and also reveals the theme of the whole poem with the finishing touch. This is undoubtedly very important for us to correctly and profoundly understand the ideas expressed in Lu Xun's poems.

The title of this poem is Self-mockery. If we interpret this poem directly without the artistic features of "teasing", readers will understand this poem as a heroic poem. Irony is the conventional weapon of "ridicule", and this poem is ironic as a whole. Irony should naturally be interpreted correctly, but first of all, we should appreciate it, so that we can appreciate Lu Xun's unique sharp, spicy and optimistic humor style in this poem, his infinite love for the people and his incomparable hatred for the enemy, and the beauty of art.

The poem "Beating Eyebrows" became a famous saying, and "Beating Eyebrows" and "Bowing the Head" vividly described two completely different attitudes of revolutionary soldiers towards the enemy and the people. These two sentences are not only meaningful but also vivid. Comrade Guo Moruo praised this couplet in the preface to Lu Xun's Poems: "Although there are only fourteen words, they clearly stipulate each other's power of life and death with love and hate; Show the spirit of unity and struggle. This is really unprecedented, and there is no one after it. " The origin of "a thousand fingers" comes from Wang Jiachuan in the Han Dynasty: "There is a saying that' a thousand fingers die without illness'." "The' thousand people' here, that is, the' thousand people', refers to the masses. However, Lu Xun said in "To Li" on February 4, 193 1, "Fortunately, there is nothing to do today, so you can let go of your thoughts. However, after three complaints, the virtuous mother became suspicious. As thousands of people have pointed out, they died without illness. Born in this life, I don't know what I will hear in the future. " Lu Xun gave a new meaning here. This "condemned prisoner" refers not to the masses, but to the enemy, and to all kinds of enemies. This is the same as "Little Amy" in the untitled "Picking Xiangling". "Little Amy" refers to a large number of enemies, which is the same as the "Thousand Commandments". Therefore, cold's criticism of "a thousand fingers" is not the only finger that cold accuses the masses, but the guidance of cold to many enemies. Chairman Mao's statement that "a thousand fingers here are the enemy" is very correct.