Guangde county culture

Magnetic mountain culture refers to the worship culture of officials and people which has spread all over Jianghuai and southeast coastal areas since the end of the Western Han Dynasty, centering on Hengshan Mountain in Guangde County, Anhui Province. It is formed by the spirit of loving the people, resisting disasters and being brave in dedication, and is named after Emperor Xuanzong of the Tang Dynasty pardoned Hengshan Mountain. "The Legend of Water Control in Jaco" is listed in the intangible cultural heritage list of Guangde County.

Wu culture

Guangde was a traditional Wu culture area in the early days. According to county records, at the beginning of Jian 'an, Sun Ce pacified the area east of Xuancheng, and Sun Wu divided the county into Guangde County. Although Guangde is located in Wutou Chuwei, as far as district administration is concerned, it is mostly subordinate to Jiangsu and Zhejiang. From the end of the Tang Dynasty to the Song Dynasty, although wars continued, Guangde was basically controlled by local forces centered on Yangzhou (now Yangzhou, Jiangsu Province) and Jiankang (now Nanjing, Jiangsu Province). The regime of Wu and Nantang sent envoys to the ancestral temple in guangde temple to offer sacrifices and pray many times.

In the 14th year of Yuan Dynasty, Guangde Army changed to Guangde Road, which belonged to Zhongshu Province in Jiangsu and Zhejiang. In the 16th year of Yuan Dynasty, Zhu Yuanzhang changed Guangde Road to Guangxing House (later renamed Guangde House), which belonged to Jiangnan Book Province. In the early Ming Dynasty, Guangxing House was changed to Guangde Guangli House. Therefore, from the geopolitical point of view, early Guangde should be a region dominated by Wu culture. From the dialect of Wunong soft language, an aboriginal in Ganxigou, Guangde, we can also see the origin of early Wu culture in Guangde area. Another factor is the rise and spread of magnetic mountain culture.

In the Ming Dynasty, Xu Yingqiu's Tang Yuzhi Tan Hui said, "The drums of thunder, the ghost town of Deng, the debt of the gods in the hilly land of Heyuan and the burial of guangde temple Mountain are four differences in the world." It can be seen that magnetic mountain culture originated in wuyue, flourished in Guangde and spread in wuyue. Magnetic mountain culture not only has the typical characteristics of Wu culture, but also is a climax of its development.

Hui culture

During the Ming and Qing Dynasties, Hui culture gradually became the mainstream culture of Guangde.

The ancestral temple originated in Huizhou is a highly materialized humanistic thought in Huizhou, a carrier of feudal patriarchal clan system, a symbol of national autonomy and the most basic living environment for Huizhou people. The ancestral temple culture in Huizhou, together with the memorial archway culture and genealogy culture, constitutes the three pillars supporting the feudal patriarchal autonomy system. Since the Song Dynasty, Huizhou culture has been brought into Guangde by Huizhou merchants. With the development of Huizhou merchants in Guangde, the patriarchal autonomy system was also brought to Guangde. After decades and hundreds of years' efforts, Huizhou culture has been in a subtle form, and has been colliding and merging with the local culture of Guangde, from the initial mutual exclusion to the later mutual tolerance. After the development of Ming Dynasty, Hui culture has occupied a dominant position in Guangde area. From the existing Fan Ancestral Hall and Chen Ancestral Hall in Lufan Village, we can not only see the essence of Huizhou architectural art, but also see the materialized form of clan autonomy-ancestral hall management mode.

As a representative of Huizhou architectural art, the existence of archway in Guangde also reflects the acceptance and ownership of Huizhou culture by ancient Guangde people.

The genealogy culture is similar to the archway, and the genealogy of many clan surnames preserved by Guangde also reflects the influence of Huizhou culture.

Immigrant culture

Modern Guangde culture is essentially a diversified immigrant culture with inclusive characteristics. In more than half a century at the end of Qing Dynasty and the beginning of Republic of China, Guangde gradually formed a multicultural structure of Central Plains culture brought by Henan immigrants and Western Chu culture brought by Hubei immigrants, especially those from Guangshan County, Henan Province.

At first, this immigrant culture existed in a relatively closed form, which formed the phenomenon of cultural division of villages and towns. However, with the efforts of two generations for half a century, Guangde natives and immigrants from all over the world have strengthened various cultural exchanges between different religions, customs, education and ethics through marriage, business, production and community activities. Through communication, various cultures make full use of their strengths and avoid weaknesses, and make proper choices, thus forming an inclusive immigrant culture with regional characteristics.

Sihe Tuizi Opera, also known as "Dihua Drum Opera", is a folk opera that spreads in Geng Village, Jiao Village, Hongxia Village and Lishan in Sihe Township, and it is a square performance without a stage. Because it has the advantage of not being limited by space and time, it is loved by the general public. 20 10 April, Sihedi ancient painting drama was awarded the title of "Municipal Intangible Cultural Heritage" by Xuancheng Municipal People's Government and Xuancheng Municipal Bureau of Culture, Radio, Film and Television Press and Publication.

Dry boats in Tanya Village are also called dragon boats and floats. It is a kind of folk entertainment in our country. The most famous dry boat in Guangde County is the dry boat in Tanya Village, Baiqiao Village, Zhou Tao Town (formerly Gaohu Township). Dry boats in this area originated in the early 1930s and have a history of more than 90 years.

Guangde Four Musts are four major specialties in Guangde County, Anhui Province. They are "Jade Table Delicious Tung Flower Fish" in Tanyang Town, "Rare Birds Delicious Hengshan Pheasant" in Hengshan National Forest Park, "Rare Mountain Bamboo Shoots" in Lu Cun Township and "Rare Shahe Turtles" who vowed to save the town.

Guangde is the freshest in the world, and Guangde County is the freshest in the world. You just need to smell it to make people drool. And the best in the world is the delicious food you get inadvertently. It is a soup that can be judged by smell. It is exclusive to Guangde's taste. People's education center

Guangde County People's Education Museum was founded in the Republic of China 13 (1924), and the site is on the west side of the Confucian Temple (now the west side of People's Square). In 25 years, he moved to Zhenwu Temple in West Street (now the northern end of Zenggu Road). The following year, War of Resistance against Japanese Aggression broke out and was renamed the Mobile Teaching Corps. In 32, it was renamed the People's Education Museum, located in Chongfa Temple in Southwest Township. Its main activity is to carry out civilian education, with a text inquiry office, a newspaper reading office and a library. Before and after the Anti-Japanese War, ball games, chess, singing, baby care, free car (bicycle) competitions and small amateur performances were organized, and the "Photo Exhibition of Anti-Japanese and Founding of the People's Republic of China" and the "Exhibition of Domestic Products and Enemy Goods" were held. At the end of 34, the People's Education Museum was closed.

cultural center

County Cultural Center was built in February, 1950, and the site is located in North Street. Originally known as Guangde County People's Education Museum, it was renamed County Cultural Center the following year. 1957 moved to the new address of South Second Street (now Zhou Tao Road). 1969 1, county cultural department, cultural center, Xinhua Bookstore and other units merged to form "Mao Zedong Thought Propaganda Agency". The Cultural Center was once merged with Zhou Tao Theatre. After the original organizational system was restored from 65438 to 0978, the number of cadres and workers increased year by year. At the end of 1987, there were more than 20 cadres and workers, which were divided into three groups: administration, propaganda and literature and art.

District and township (town) cultural stations 1953 There are 1 cultural stations in 9 districts of the county. Since then, with the adjustment and change of administrative divisions, 1956 only established three cultural centers, namely, Shijie, Baidian and Qiucun. 1958 "People's Commune", besides Chengguan, five commune cultural stations were established. 1962, the original commune cultural station was upgraded to a district-level station and renamed as the central cultural station. 1975 each station will build new office buildings and increase personnel and equipment. In May, 1976, a cultural station assisted by social office was started. 1986, there were 23 rural office auxiliary cultural stations in the county, including 1 brick bridge cultural station, a two-story building with books, entertainment and projection rooms. At the end of 1987, there were 28 township (town) cultural stations with 36 people in the county.

library

Guangde County Library was formerly the reading room of the county cultural center, with an original collection of 4,500 books. 198 1 year was separated from the cultural center and built separately, with a building area of 150 square meters and 4 managers. Since then, personnel, books and equipment have increased year by year. By the end of 1987, there were staff members 12, and there were more than 45,300 books, including rare books 1852 and more than 330 kinds of periodicals and newspapers. The number of readers has increased from a few hundred per month in the early days of the museum to more than 2,000.

files

1958165438+10. In October, the archives of Guangde County Committee and County People's Committee were merged to form Guangde County Archives, with 2 full-time cadres. 1963 1 1 month, Guangde County Archives Management Section was established, co-located with the county archives bureau, with one institution and two brands. After the "Cultural Revolution" began, institutions were abolished and personnel were decentralized. In July 1973, the county archives were restored. Guangde County Archives Bureau was established in June 1980 1 1, and still co-located with the county archives. At the end of 1987, there was a warehouse of 296.5 square meters, 8 employees, 85 files, and all kinds of files were 27 12 1 volume (volume). Among them, document file 12925, science and technology file 135, special file 2676 and material1385. For a long time, files were only for internal use. After comprehensive arrangement, some of them are open to the public. From 1980 to 1987, more than 17000 volumes of vouchers and data were provided for people from all walks of life. 1987 county archives was rated as an advanced unit of archives work in the province. Sheng Da pagoda

Located on the north side of Yingchun Street in Zhou Tao Town, it was founded in 1979 in the fourth year of Taiping Xingguo in the Northern Song Dynasty. Originally a five-story six-door brick tower. In the second year of Song Dynasty (1099), on the evening of December 27th, he was burned by fire. From the third year of Fu Yuan (1 100) to the fourth year of Chongning (1 105), Song Rong and Song Zong led them to rebuild it into a seven-level pagoda. After several repairs, a fire broke out in the 26th year of Guangxu (1900), and cornices, floors and towers were reduced to ashes, leaving only brick towers. 1956165438+10, Anhui provincial people's government announced it as a provincial key cultural relics protection unit. /kloc-0 was rebuilt in July, 1984 at the expense of National Cultural Heritage Administration, and was completely restored in April, 1986. At present, the tower is 42 meters high, with a base circumference of 26.4 meters, seven floors, six doors and hexagonal cornices. The top of the tower is covered with an iron pot, and the cornices are covered with blue-gray simple tiles, which is magnificent in shape. There is still an ancient well in Tang Dynasty and a ginkgo tree planted in Ming Dynasty beside the tower.

Chongfa temple

Located in the north bank of Geng Village, Hongchong Village, Sihe Township. According to historical records, the temple was built in the Zhenguan period of the Tang Dynasty (627 ~ 649), and it was revealed in the right middle school of the Tang Dynasty (904 ~ 907), and it has been repaired many times in later dynasties. The original temple has three temples arranged on a central axis. As soon as I entered, there was a theater in the west, and the back hall was destroyed. The existing buildings have been appraised by experts from National Cultural Heritage Administration and Nanjing Institute of Technology, and the main structure is the Ming Dynasty structure. 1June, 983, the county people's government announced it as a key cultural relics protection unit in the county.

Baoan temple

Also known as Chongfu Temple, it is located in Baoan Mountain, Chenjiabian, Zhuanqiao Township. It was built in the seventh year of Tang Tianbao (748) and rebuilt in the Ming Dynasty. It was rebuilt in the 60th year of Kangxi (172 1), rebuilt in the 25th year of Qianlong (1760) and destroyed in the 10th year of Xianfeng (1860). Tongzhi room (1862 ~ 1874) rebuilt the main hall, and in the eighteenth year of Guangxu (1892) rebuilt it. The temple was originally divided into three rooms, which were demolished on 1968. Only the front hall is left, which is a typical Qing dynasty building, and now it is a residential building.

Qiaotou village theater

Located in Qiaotou Village, Ganxi, Lucun, it was built in an unknown age. Before the Taiping Revolution, there were still temples and watchtowers in Miaoshan, which were grouped with the stage. The existing building area is 86.4 square meters, and the stage is paved with wooden boards. The mesa is 2.2 meters above the ground, and the platform mouth is 2.74 meters wide and 3.43 meters deep, covering an area of about 20 square meters. The overall structure is open-frame beam lifting and gable frame passing through bucket. The existing floor and some beam frames are decayed, and the overall appearance still exists.

Chencitang

Located on the left side of Lutang Village, Shijie Town, the inscription in the shrine is rebuilt in the 18th year of Wanli in Ming Dynasty (1590), with brick and wood structure, with a total area of 668.5 square meters. It has not been overhauled, and it is still basically intact. Fan Temple, formerly known as Temple, also known as Wenzhengtang, is the temple of famous officials in the Song Dynasty. Located in Fan Village, Qiao Feng Township, with brick and wood structure. Originally a second hospital and a first hospital, it covers an area of 5 12 square meters. There are a pair of stone lions outside the door. There are 5 back rooms with an area of123m2, which are basically intact. The temple was founded in Shaoxing in the Song Dynasty for nine years (1 139) and rebuilt in Jingtai in the Ming Dynasty for three years (1452), with the main building in the Ming Dynasty. Fan's genealogy is said to have been built by the descendants of Wen's second son, Chun Ren. Provincial level

Guangde folk songs, root carving in southern Anhui, Mingde folding fan.

County level

The first batch of intangible cultural heritages at the county level: the legend of water control in Jaco, the lantern on the cypress mat in Xiwu, the lion dance in Dongting, the kitchen knife making skill of Zhang Fubai, the green tea making skill of Guangde, the traditional pottery-making skill of pledging mulberry oil and poplar stalks, the traditional compiling skill of sleeping mat in summer in Lutang, Qiucun, and the guangde temple Temple Fair.

The second batch of intangible cultural heritages at the county level: shadow play, the legend of Liu Wenjing and Lingshan Temple, the legend of Gu Tao maze, the legend of Dongting Lake, the legend of "three mountains without mountains", Gaomiao rice wine, Jiangxi dialect and Yiqi.

The third batch of county-level intangible cultural heritages: Qingshidun Legend (Lantern Festival), Street (Xiguan Street), Jianping Bamboo Basket Weaving, Dawang Dragon Lantern, Haifeng Paper Making, Cross-country Land Boat (Lantern Festival), Dafeilong (Lantern Festival), Qiu Villagers' Songs (Che Shui Song, Miao Song), Northern Shaanxi Boat Lantern Weaving Bundle, Laoya Mountain Stuffy Sauce Rotten.