Arrangement of extracurricular classics that junior middle school students must read

Part VII: Education of love, stars, springs and Aesop's fables.

Seven times: Childhood, Robinson Crusoe and Insects.

Eight: picking flowers in the morning and evening, camel Xiangzi, how steel is tempered.

Eight chapters: Two Wan Li under the sea and who is who.

Nine: Bacon's Water Margin and Fu Lei's Letters

Nine times: Gulliver's travels and Jane Eyre

First, "education of love"

1, formerly known as Xin

2. Author: Germany? Amicus curiae (Italy)

3. Type: Diary novel

4. Content: Tell the growth story of a little boy named Enrico. There are 100 articles in the book, which consists of three parts: Enrico's diary; Enrico's parents teach their children; Nine stories told by the teacher.

5, artistic features: smooth and beautiful, simple and fresh.

Second, "stars" and "springs"

1, by Bing Xin

2. Genre: Poetry ("short poems")

3. Cause: It was written under the influence of the Indian poet Tagore's Birds.

4. Contents:

(1) Praise maternal love and innocence. (2) Worship and praise of nature. (3) Thinking and feeling about life.

5. Artistic features: He combines the strengths of China's classical poems and Tagore's philosophical poems, is good at capturing instant inspiration, and expresses his inner feelings and thoughts in a few words, with a short and meaningful form. In terms of language, it is fresh and elegant, crystal clear, clear and smooth, and has a long lasting appeal.

Thirdly, Aesop's fables.

1. Literary value: Aesop's Fables is one of the most popular collections of fables in the history of world literature. For more than two thousand years, it has been deeply loved by people all over the world, especially teenagers, for its unique life wisdom and artistic charm.

2. Summary: The content is very rich, alluding to social reality; Criticism is rich and ruthless; Show the intelligence of the working people; Don't be soft on the wicked; We should respect the laws of nature and satirize leisure and hate work.

3. Artistic features: short in length and profound in meaning; Using anthropomorphic techniques, the image is distinct.

4. Wonderful clicks: tortoise and rabbit race, wolf coming, farmer and snake, Hercules and God of Wealth, mosquito and lion, mole and so on.

5. There is a saying: "The wolf is coming" and "If you can't eat grapes, you will say that the grapes are sour".

Fourth, "childhood"

1, by Gorky (Soviet Union)

2. Genre: novel. Childhood is the first part of Gorky's autobiographical novel trilogy, and the other two are On Earth and My University.

3. Content: The novel tells the story of Aletha's childhood from three to ten years old. The novel vividly shows the living conditions of the Russian lower class in the 1970s and 1980s, from when my mother and I wrote to my grandfather, to when my grandfather asked me to make a living on the earth.

4. Character image:

(1) Aletha is strong, brave, upright and full of love.

(2) Grandma is kind, smart and capable, and loves life.

Grandfather is stingy, greedy, bossy and cruel.

5. Literary value: the tone of the novel is serious and deep. It is sad to read, but it is not too heavy. It makes people see the light in darkness, the goodness in evil, the light of human nature in ruthlessness, and the great power of people to overcome tragic fate in tragic atmosphere.

5. robinson crusoe

1, Defoe (UK)

2. Type: novel

3. Content: Robinson, born in a merchant family, is unwilling to be mediocre. He was bent on an adventurous and challenging overseas life, so he left home and went out to sea privately and went through hardships. Once, the ship was overturned by a storm, and Robinson drifted to a desert island alone. Farming on a desert island, taming sheep, rescuing a savage and naming him "Friday". He established his own material and spiritual "kingdom" on a desert island.

4. Personality: Robinson dares to take risks; Dare to pursue a free and unrestrained life.

5. The social significance of the characters: Robinson's actions show tough character and heroic nature, and reflect the creative spirit and pioneering spirit of the emerging bourgeoisie. In the west, "Robinson" has become synonymous with adventurers.

6. Artistic features: The novel has extraordinary imagination and artistic expression. The novel adopts the first-person narrative method, which is cordial and true, and connects the plots through the confessions of the characters. The language is clear, simple and vivid.

Six, "insects"

1, by Fabres (French)

2. Different translations: insect stories or entomological notes (called "the epic of insects")

3. Number of volumes: ten volumes

4. Content: Introduce the little-known life and habits of insects, and let people know the real life scene of insects.

5. Artistic value: The Insect Story is an excellent popular science work and a recognized literary classic. The writing is vivid, the tone is relaxed and humorous, and the insects described by the author give people character. The instinct, habit, labor, marriage, reproduction and death of insects all permeate the author's thinking about human beings.

Seven, "morning flowers pick up in the evening"

1, by Lu Xun

2, the meaning of the title: flowers in the morning, picked at night. The collected articles are all retrospective articles.

3. Genre: Prose

4. Introduction: This collection of retrospective essays includes ten articles, plus an introduction and a postscript. They are all words that recall the author's different life experiences and experiences in childhood, adolescence and youth, and the words reveal the author's feelings and thoughts on life.

5. Wonderful clicks: From Hundred Sketches to Three Ponds and the Moon, A Chang Shan Hai Jing, Five Zang Hui, Twenty-four Filial Piety Pictures, etc.

Eight, "camel Xiangzi"

1, by Lao She

2. Type: novel

3. Synopsis: Xiangzi comes from the countryside and is as strong and unyielding as a camel. After coming to Beijing, he chose to pull a rickshaw. Originally, he wanted to make a living on his own, but his hopes were dashed again and again and ended in a fiasco.

4. Characters:

Xiangzi: At first, he was honest, persistent and hard-working. Later, he became numb, cunning, taking advantage, eating, drinking, gambling and giving up on himself.

Si Liu: Cruel and bossy.

Tigress: Bold and provocative, a little abnormal.

5. Theme: The novel mercilessly criticizes the society for "not letting good people have a way out".

6. Artistic features: Portrait description and psychological description are used to depict characters, and the spoken language of Beijing citizens is creatively used. This novel is full of rich national style and local characteristics.

Nine, "How steel was tempered"

1, by Nicholas? Ostrovsky

2. Type: novel

3. Content: The novel features the protagonist Paul? Kochakin's life experience, as a clue, shows a broad historical picture of Soviet Russia and the people's hard struggle from 19 15 to 1930, and shapes the proletarian hero image of Paul. Paul used to be a child laborer, and he was tortured and insulted at the bottom of society since he was a child. Later, under the influence of Zhu, he gradually embarked on the revolutionary road. In the melting pot of revolution, Paul stood the test. Although he is blind, he still doesn't give in to fate. He resolutely picked up a pen and wrote with tenacious perseverance, and finally fulfilled his promise of dedication to his ideals.

4. Artistic features: the narrative description of characters is the main feature, while inner monologues, letters and diaries, aphorisms and so on are interspersed. Let the characters be flesh and blood. The description of scenery, psychology and environment is excellent. The language is concise, beautiful and expressive.

5. Paul's famous saying:

Life is the most precious thing for people, and life is only once for us. That's how people should spend their lives. When he looks back on the past, he will not regret wasting time, nor will he be ashamed of doing nothing. In this way, when he dies, he can say, "My life and all my energy have been dedicated to the most magnificent cause in the world-the struggle for the liberation of mankind."

X. Two Wan Li under the Sea

1, Verne (France)

2. genre: science fiction

3. Content: Two Wan Li under the Sea is the second part of Verne's science fiction trilogy (the first part is Captain Grant's daughter, and the third part is Mystery Island), which mainly tells the story of the submarine Nautilus, with his servant Conseil and a whaling ship, following Captain Nemo on two expeditions around the world in Wan Li. Nemo is a mysterious figure with unknown nationality. He used the ocean to provide energy on a desert island and was discovered by Pierre Aronnax.

4. Artistic features: (1) Ingenious conception and thrilling plot. (2) The ingenious combination of science and fantasy.

5. Information link: Verne is called "the father of modern science fiction".

XI。 biographies of famous people

1, by Roman? Long-distance radio navigation system

2. Type: Biography

3. Content: Describe the hardships and frustrations of Beethoven, Michelangelo and Tolstoy, and praise their noble character and indomitable spirit.

4. Value: Since ancient times, biographies have almost always recorded the great achievements of celebrities, but Whose Biography shows us the pains, struggles and contradictions of three celebrities as ordinary people. It tells us that life is hard, life is full of poverty, anxiety, loneliness and hardship, but people are separated and don't know how to comfort each other. Who's Who is dedicated to the suffering people, giving them comfort and encouragement.

5. Theme: The experiences and achievements of the three great men have verified the truth that Mencius said, "Heaven will descend to a great position, so people are human beings, so we must first work hard on our thoughts and bones, …".

6. Information link:

Beethoven, a German musician, whose famous works include: Symphony of Heroes, Symphony of Destiny, Ode to Joy and so on.

Michelangelo, Italian painter and sculptor. Famous works include: David, Genesis, etc.

(3) Leo? Tolstoy, Russian writer. Famous works include: Resurrection, Anna? Karenin Na, War and Peace, etc.

Twelve, "Water Margin"

1, by (Ming)

2. Genre: chapter novel.

Best of all: China's first novel praising the peasant uprising.

4. Theme: The theme of "officials forcing the people to revolt" is expressed.

5. Content: It describes the whole process of Liangshan heroes from uprising to prosperity to final failure, especially the different life experiences and resistance roads of many rebellious heroes.

6, ideological significance:

(1) The Water Margin embodies the ideal of "equality and mutual love". No matter whether the rich are officials or the poor, "they are all brothers and sisters, regardless of rank."

⑵ The Water Margin confirms the truth that "where there is oppression, there is resistance".

7. Example of characters:

(1) Comparison with.

Similarities: evil is like hatred, chivalrous and courageous, and grumpy.

Difference: Lu is broad-minded and reasonable; Li Kui JY is simple and straightforward.

⑵ Comparison between Lin Chong and Song Wu.

Similarities: high martial arts, extraordinary courage and resourcefulness.

Differences: Lin Chong has a certain social status, and has always been quiet, but he was framed by Gao Qiu and forced to go to Liangshan. He is a typical upper-class figure. Song Wu advocated loyalty, revenge, kindness and chivalry.

8, wonderful story click:

Song Wu killed Ximen Qing, got drunk, hit the keeper, made a scene, spilled blood on the mandarin duck building, and put out the evil centipede ridge. Shenzhi, the third Jia Zhu Zhuang Road in Sung River, uprooted weeping willows, punched the town of Kansai, and made a scene in the wild pig forest. Wu Yongzhi took a delivery class. Yang Zhi sells knives.

9. Artistic features:

The (1) structure adopts the chain structure of dividing first and then combining. Before the 40th time, the story of a single hero was told first, and then all rivers run into the sea, which developed into Juyi in Liangshan, Shui Bo. After the seventieth time, write that they failed to submit to the court.

⑵ The language is ancient and vernacular, vivid and vivid, and the characters are vividly portrayed.

10, data link:

(1) Create characters.

The book 120 chapter

⑶ Couplets: "All directions share the same domain, but their surnames are different" and "Appearance language, north and south, east and west are different; There is no difference between feelings, loyalty and faith. "

(4) Examples of people's nicknames:

Song Jiang-Timely Li Choi Wha Kui-Black Whirlwind Song Wu-Walker

Lin Chong-a leopard head and land-a flower monk and Hu Sanniang-Zhang

Wu Yongzhi multi-star poplar branch-blue-faced beast

Thirteen. A letter from Fu Lei

1. Brief introduction of Fu Lei, a famous literary translator and critic in China. Since 1930s, he devoted himself to the translation and introduction of French literature, and translated more than 30 works in his life, mainly Roman? Roland's masterpiece "John? Biographies of Christophe, Beethoven, Tolstoy, Michelangelo (together with Who's Who), Balzac's masterpiece Gao Lao Tou and Eugénie? Grandet, Aunt Bay, Uncle Bunce ...

2. Content Description: Letters from Fu Lei is a very special book. It is a reflection of Fu Lei's thought, even the most important work of Fu Lei's life, because "A Letter from Fu Lei" is a letter between him and his son, which reflects his painstaking management of his son as a father. Letters from Fu Lei fully embodies Fu Lei's thoughts. It is written on paper. It's a common saying. He is free to write what he thinks, without worrying about "censorship" or "criticism".

3. Value: As a model of China's parents, Mr. and Mrs. Fu Lei devoted their whole lives to training their two children: Fu Cong, a famous piano master, and Fu Min, a special English teacher. This is a successful embodiment of their educational ideas of being a person first, becoming a "family" later, surpassing themselves, thinking independently and teaching students in accordance with their aptitude. Parents' inculcation, sincere communication between children and parents, and deep affection between the lines have touched parents and children all over the world.

4. Famous family saying: < 1 > Really, Balzac said it well: some sins can only be redeemed, but they can't be washed away!

(2) In public organizations, it is inevitable that catching up with tasks will hinder learning. I expected it. Everything can only be won by ourselves with firm will and stand, gently and forcefully.

(3) I don't approve of blaming yourself for not taking action! …………………………………………………………………………………………………………………………………………………………………………………………………………………………………………………………………………………………………………………………………………………………………………………………………………………………………………………………………………………………

〈 4 〉 Bitter tears are the wine that cultivates your soul.

〈〉〉〉〉〉〉〉〉〉〉〉〉〉〉〉𝶹𝶹𝶹𝶹𝶹〉㋅ 129

↓6↓ People float in the high tide-low tide all their lives. Only mediocre people live like a stagnant pool; Or you must have a high level of self-cultivation in order not to be tired and truly free.

(7) Too much sunlight will scorch the whole grain; Too much rain will flood the crops.

One can only face up to reality and mistakes. Thoroughly understand with rational analysis; Will not be eroded by memories.

〈 9 〉 The most tormenting thing is neither mental labor nor manual labor. But worried.

<10 > ............................................................................................................................................................... thinks little of individuals. Then it will naturally reduce the heart of being swayed by considerations of gain and loss. Therefore, my body and mind will turn to Shu Tai, and my work will go smoothly.

Fourteen Bacon's prose

1. Introduction to Bacon: Francis? Bacon, English philosopher, thinker and essayist. Marx called it "the true ancestor of British materialism and the whole modern experimental science", and his main works include Essays and New Tools.

2. Content introduction: There are 58 essays by Bacon, covering philosophy, ethics, ways of living, etc. Most of them are closely related to personal life and express the author's "philosophy of life" in a concentrated way.

3. Click on the wonderful articles: talking about beauty, reading, procrastination, etc.

4. Bacon's Quotations: Knowledge is power.

Fifteen. Gulliver's Travels

1, by Jonathan? Swift (UK)

2. Type: novel

3. Content: Tell the story of Gulliver, a British ship doctor, who was stranded in lilliputian country, adult country, island country and returned to China due to shipwrecks and other reasons.

4. Click on the wonderful story:

(1) Lilliput: Everything is just on the normal scale112; People are only15 cm tall; Gulliver is like a mountain there; He eats several carts of food at a meal.

(2) Great Britain, resident height18m; Wheat is more than ten meters high; Gulliver became a little pet.

5, ideological connotation:

(1) Write about the partisan struggle in Lilliput, and divide the camps according to the heel height. The "high follower party" and the "low follower party" conspire for power and interests, which is actually a dig at the two major political parties in Britain.

(2) The story of Lilliputian meeting with its neighbors is an allusion to the successive wars between Britain and France.

(3) In Great Britain, Gulliver once introduced the history, system and present situation of Britain to the king, but it was questioned.

⑷ Describe the five islands, such as Feidao, express doubts about modern science and technology, and denounce colonial rule.

5] In Huiguo, it shows the grotesque phenomenon that man and beast are upside down. It has no money, no army, no police, the horse is the carrier of reason, and the humanoid "wild fox" is an evil and dirty beast. Ruthlessly mocked the "human" society.

6. Theme: The novel contains some pessimistic views on human nature and human society, but behind the sharp pessimistic attitude, there is a bitter and eager feeling of worrying about the world.

Sixteen, "Jane? love

1, by Charlotte? Bronte (UK)

2. Type: novel

Content: This novel is narrated in the first person. Jane Eyre, an orphan, has a humble position. When she grew up, she became a tutor in Thornfield's aristocratic family. She is plain-looking, but she has won the respect and love of her master Rochester with sincere feelings and noble character. Unexpectedly, when the wedding was held, she had to face more hardships and tests.

4. Character image:

Jane? Love is full of passion, fantasy and rebellious spirit. She pursues the supreme state of transcending personal happiness, often conducts severe introspection after venting her feelings, constantly adjusts her thoughts, corrects her life course, and makes herself mature.

5. Artistic features:

(1) The autobiographical narrative tone makes the novel full of rich, sincere, rich and delicate emotions.

(2) The eloquent inner monologue.

(3) colorful scenery description.

(4) The suspense of clever design.