Emperor Wu of the Western Han Dynasty

Liu Che (156—— March 29th, 87 BC) was the seventh emperor of the Han Dynasty. Emperor Wudi is the direct son of Emperor Wudi Liu Qi, the grandson of Emperor Wudi Liu Heng and the great-grandson of Emperor Gaozu Liu Bang. His mother is Queen Wang Hui. At the age of 7, he was made a prince, and 16 was enthroned. During his 54 years in office, he established one of the most brilliant achievements of the Han Dynasty. His great talent and literary skills made the Han Dynasty the most powerful country in the world at that time, but the war and economic policies during his reign also caused a heavy burden to the people. Emperor Wu of the Han Dynasty founded the title of the year, which was also the first emperor in China to use it. At the beginning of his reign, he changed the policy of governing by doing nothing in the early Han Dynasty, further weakened the power of governors, and promulgated the canonization decree put forward by minister Zhu, in order to promote the vassal to enfeoffment all his sons by law and force the vassal's fief to shrink itself. At the same time, he introduced the secretariat rank to supervise the local government. Militarily and economically, centralization has been strengthened, and private businesses such as iron smelting, salt making and wine making are organized and managed by the central government. At the same time, it is forbidden for vassal States to cast money, so that financial power is concentrated in the central government. He adopted Dong Zhongshu's suggestion of "ousting a hundred schools of thought and respecting Confucianism alone", paving the way for the special position of Confucianism in ancient China. However, it is generally believed that he used Confucianism to purify folk customs, and at the same time used spells and criminal names to consolidate the authority of the government, which is the so-called "Confucianism, Buddhism and Taoism." Ji An and Sima Qian's castration, which were actively used at that time, are famous examples. At the beginning of Liang Wudi's accession to the throne, on the one hand, the political situation was relatively stable, and the national economic situation was also quite good. On the other hand, the separatist factors of vassal countries still exist. Therefore, while continuing to implement various policies of Jingdi, he adopted a series of measures to strengthen centralization. Politically, first, the "favor decree" was promulgated, which allowed the captaincy to enfeoff more children and divide the fiefs of the kingdom, further weakening the power of the captaincy; Secondly, the establishment of China and North Korea weakened the relative strength and consolidated the imperial power. In order to strengthen local control and crack down on local strongmen, he set up thirteen state secretariat, and seven counties in the capital were supervised by a captain. On the military side, it is mainly to concentrate military power and enrich the central military power; On the economic front, we should rectify the finances, issue the orders of "liquidation" and "admonition", levy a tax on businessmen's assets, and crack down on wealthy businessman dajia; Sang Hongyang suggested that smelting iron and boiling salt should be returned to the official camp, and it is forbidden to cast money in counties and counties; The establishment of leveling officers and compensation officers, with the government managing transportation and trade, has greatly enhanced the economic strength of the central government. At the same time, building water conservancy projects, emigrating to the northwest, and implementing the "land substitution law" ideologically are beneficial to the development of agricultural production, adopting Dong Zhongshu's suggestion, ousting a hundred schools of thought, and worshiping Confucianism alone, making Confucianism the dominant ideology of China society and having a far-reaching impact on the politics, society and culture of China in later generations. Emperor Wu of the Han Dynasty also attached great importance to the cultivation of talents. He established an evaluation system, which is the origin of China's talent selection system and has a great influence on later generations. Emperor Wu of the Han Dynasty conducted the first population statistics in human history. Emperor Wu of the Han Dynasty was arrogant and extravagant. In addition to making great events, he sent Li Guangli to attack 20 cities many times for the sake of bloody BMW, which consumed great national strength. In his later years, he became more superstitious about magic and pursued immortality, which added a heavy burden to his finances. Jiang Chong was once again in favor, which led Liu Yuxin to arise and kill Jiang Chong (witchcraft rebellion). Due to the destruction of the Prince's family and the forced death of the Prince's mother, only the grandson of Prince Yu was sick (later Han). Liu Fuling, the son of Emperor Wu of the Han Dynasty in his later years, liked him very much and wanted to abolish him. After the witchcraft rebellion, Liu Fuling became a prince. Liu Fuling's biological mother, Mrs Gou Yi, was executed for worrying about her young mother. Mrs Gou Jian pleaded with Emperor Wu, who said, "You can't live if you are interested." In his later years, due to years of war and tyranny, the national economy was in trouble and the society was in turmoil, and peasant uprisings broke out all over the country. He issued a "crime of overturning Taiwan" to reflect on his own administrative mistakes.