Please give some Lao She's Teahouse to replace Thunderstorm with Teahouse this year. I am familiar with thunderstorms. ! !

First, Mr. Lao She once said, "My writing is somewhat innovative, and I am not completely bound by that old-fashioned child." What are the main aspects of Mr. Lao She's new attempt to write plays? (Comparative analysis with Cao Yu's Thunderstorm)

Mr. Lao She is different from the new attempt of traditional drama, which is mainly manifested in the structure, plot and dramatic conflict design of the second act of Teahouse.

1, scroll painting plane structure (also called portrait exhibition structure). There are more than thirty characters in this scene. Nearly twenty people have lines. These roles have no special priority, and they keep going on and off. There are not many lines for each character in the teahouse. They passed by the teahouse and talked about their own affairs.

For example, the dialogue between Cui Jiufeng and Wang Lifa, an old Democrat, only showed his frustration and disappointment after disillusionment; The appearance of Mr. Song only shows the decline of feudal old people. Even Wang Lifa, the teahouse owner who has always played a role, has no heavy scenes, but only expresses himself in the interaction with tea customers.

From this point of view, the activities of the characters in the play are all about intercepting a cross section of them in the teahouse. Countless pictures are organized into a scroll painting, which gradually unfolds with the plot.

"Thunderstorm" adopts a compact and concentrated drama structure-"closed": at the beginning of the drama, it has already faced tense contradictions and conflicts. In the process of pushing the plot to a climax, it gradually explains the beginning and development of the plot through recollection and flashback.

Thunderstorm basically follows the principle of "three unifications" in drama creation-that is, "time, place and plot are consistent". A play only performs one thing, and the plot must take place in the same place and within one day and night. The author condensed the story spanning 30 years from one afternoon to two o'clock at night, skillfully used the methods of "review" and "interlude", interwoven "the present drama" with "the past drama" and reproduced it in the living room of Zhou Mansion, fully showing the contradiction between Zhou and Lu families.

2. Fade down the whole plot setting. There is no unified plot in this scene. Although there are many people, the relationship is not complicated. Everyone's story is single, and the connection between characters is basically single-line and small-scale. For example, Li San, the best, doesn't have many plays related to teahouses. His plays mainly focus on the contradiction between him and the teahouse owner, complaining that he is busy with his work and his salary is low. For another example, pockmarked Liu's play is mainly related to two deserters, and the teahouse is just a place where he trades in human traffickers. Wang Lifa's plays belong to business, which is determined by the identity of the characters. Only when the interests of the teahouse are maintained or damaged, is it really his play, such as his play with grandpa Chang, the police and others. In a word, the whole scene is composed of small plots and stories that happened in the teahouse, and it is flat. )

Cao Yu's Thunderstorm has few characters. Only five people have lines (in the text), but the relationship is complicated, including husband and wife, father and son, mother and son, brother, master and servant, and so on. The characters' language and actions all revolve around the same contradiction. The contradiction between Zhou and Lu runs through the whole play, which is very dramatic.

3. The new attempt of Teahouse lies in its unique dramatic conflict mode. Although there are many characters in the play, there is no direct, concrete and tit-for-tat conflict between them, and there is no direct relationship between the characters and the rise and fall of the teahouse. It seems that the characters in the play inevitably follow their own trajectory under the action of some external force. Honest and kind people can't get rid of bad luck, and those extremely active scum act according to their own moral standards. The authors don't pursue some evils in their personal qualities too much.

Mr. Lao She pointed the focus of contradiction directly to that old age, and every small conflict between people implied the conflict between people and the old age. This is an era in which imperialism, feudal forces and rogue agents are tyrannical and lawless, and it is also an era in which the people of China are in dire straits against society.

These new attempts showed all the sentient beings in the late Qing society and profoundly reflected the peasant bankruptcy, citizen poverty and social darkness caused by the infiltration and aggression of imperialism and the dissolute corruption of feudal rule. It shows that the last month of feudal society in China is coming.

2. What are the language features of the text?

(1) Personalization of characters' language.

Every line in the play is the language of the characters, expressing thoughts and showing personality. Lao She is good at choosing personalized language according to the identity and personality of characters.

Wang Lifa's language is humble and thoughtful, and he responds quickly to all kinds of people's entertainment, which can show his identity as a teahouse shopkeeper. Master Chang's language is generous and honest, chivalrous and full of vicissitudes. The language of Song Enzi and Wu Xiangzi is cunning, treacherous, arrogant and unreasonable, which has the characteristics of old-fashioned spies. No matter how many lines the characters appear, they are vividly written. ⑵ Humorous style of language.

When Lao She talked about Teahouse, he said that it was "all kinds of satires in those years". He linked his satire and criticism of the dark society with his strong patriotic enthusiasm and sympathy for the working people. His smile contained seriousness and sadness, and formed his own unique humorous style.

When Tang Tiezui boasted about how to draw white noodles, it seemed ridiculous, but in fact it aroused people's hatred of imperialist aggression. Wang Li asked the newsboy, "Is there any news of not calling?" It is also like a joke, but it shows people's dissatisfaction with the turbulent times. For another example, when Mr. Song saw that Song Enzi and Wu Xiangzi were still wearing big gray shirts and blue cloth jackets, he said, "Seeing your gray jackets reminds me of the previous Qing Dynasty!" . It shows Mr. Song's homesickness and satirizes the incompleteness of the 1911 Revolution. This harmonious language can give readers more memorable and profound thinking. ⑶ Strong local color of Beijing.

This feature is obvious in the text. Lao She himself is familiar with Beijing dialect, especially the language of Beijing citizens. Proper use of authentic Beijing dialect in Teahouse makes the work more local and authentic.

Analyze characters.

There are many characters in Teahouse. There are more than 30 characters in the first three acts, so it is impossible for us to analyze them one by one. This lesson mainly analyzes some important figures appearing or involved in the excerpts of the text, including: Wang Lifa, Master Chang, Master Song, Song Gongzi, Xiangzi Wu, Ma Ziliu, Master Tang Tiezui and several Qin masters mentioned in the text.

(The projection shows the names of eight people. Click on Wang Lifa's name to enter the relevant link. )

(1) Wang Lifa.

1. Take different attitudes towards different people.

(1), to refugees, Li San and others: "Don't waste time!" "We have time to study our business!"

Toughness and indifference to refugees, although sympathetic to Li San, is limited, showing his selfishness.

(2) To soldiers, policemen and spies: "You are smart." "I cannot thank you enough for your kind words!" "The bosses are sorry, they haven't opened yet, otherwise, you are welcome to live here!" "Don't look, you must be reliable people!"

The attitude towards them is to please, deal with skillfully and be afraid of offending. Show Wang lifa's wit and tact.

(3) To Tang Tiezui and others: "You did a good job! Put on silk! " "But, I am crowded with people here. When there is a vacancy, I will keep it for you! "

I also laughed off the dislike of Tang Tiezui, which shows that Wang Lifa is good at dealing with the world.

2. Good at management and continuous improvement.

"okay?" "Yes, there is such a sentence!"

Reflect Wang Lifa's progress in speech.

"Detai in Xizhimen, ... all the doors are closed, only the Yutai is still open, ..."

"The big teahouses are closed, that is, you have the heart and can improve as appropriate!"

Through the mouth of He Chang, Wang Lifa is good at improvement and is a leader in the teahouse industry.

3, dissatisfaction with reality, implicit expression:

"Thank you this year!" "Is there any news of not calling?"

Show Wang LiFa timidity.

Summary: Wang Lifa is the shopkeeper of Yutai Teahouse and the character of the whole play. He inherited Yutai Teahouse from his father, and also inherited his philosophy of life, that is, say more good things and bow more. He is timid, selfish, intelligent, capable and sociable, and takes different attitudes towards different people. In the dark old China, although Wang Lifa was good at socializing, managing and constantly improving, he could not resist the oppression of various reactionary forces. He also has strong dissatisfaction with this, but he expressed it very implicitly. It is such a small businessman who is good at dealing with the world, but still can't escape the fate of bankruptcy. Wang Lifa's tragedy is a true portrayal of the life and fate of ordinary people in old China.

(2) Master Chang.

1, "I sell vegetables! Self-reliance, unambiguous! ..... I heard that you will open tomorrow, maybe you need it, I specially sent it to you! "

Explain that Grandpa Chang is self-reliant and helpful.

2. "When foreigners dare to fight again, my surname Chang is ready to fight with them! ……"

Show grandpa Chang's patriotism and courage.

3. "What should foreigners do with food?" "I look forward to your promotion and wealth!"

Show the integrity and stubbornness of Master Chang.

Summary: standard bearer. Integrity and patriotism; Stubborn and aggressive; Self-reliant and helpful.

(3) Mr. Song.

1, "Have you seen my clothes? Am I still like a person? " "But in the Republic of China, I will be hungry!" "I'm hungry. I can't let the birds be hungry!"

It shows that Mr. Song is idle, lazy and incompetent and unwilling to support himself.

2. "When I saw your gray coats, I remembered the previous Qing Dynasty! I can't help but ask! " "You're right! Hey! Grandpa four, let's go! "

Show Mr. Song's timidity.

Summary: standard bearer. Timid, lazy and incompetent, idle, drinking tea and shooting birds, unwilling to support themselves. Eventually starved to death.

(4) Master Qin.

National capitalists. Committed to saving the country by industry and eventually went bankrupt.

⑤ Pockmarked Liu.

Local ruffians and hooligans who make money by matchmaking and human trafficking.

(6) Tang Tiezui.

"I am grateful for this year!" "The smoke of the British Empire, Japan's' white flour', two big countries are waiting for me alone. Is this a blessing? "

Fortune teller and charlatan. Shameless.

(7) Song Enzi and Wu Xiangzi.

1, "Wang Zhanggui doesn't want us to see it, and Wang Zhanggui will find a way for us! We want to save face for Wang Zhanggui! " "That's right! Sit down and talk! Are you going to die? Still want to show the ocean? " "Don't move! The gentleman said: Give us half of the present ocean, and you two will be safe! We are one of our own! "

2. "When there is an emperor, we work for him, and when there is President Yuan, we work for President Yuan ..." "Whoever gives food, we will work for him!"

Song and Wu were greedy, overbearing and overbearing. Milk is a bitch.

Teahouse has created many distinctive characters. Wang Lifa is a character who runs through the whole play. He is smart, capable, cautious, wronged and sociable. In the play, he skillfully responded to the blackmail of the patrolman and patiently listened to Cui Jiufeng's story. As a businessman, he is also timid and selfish. For example, although he sympathized with the sufferings, the situation of Kang and the cry of sympathy for refugees, it was very limited. He has a strong dissatisfaction with society, but his expression is subtle. For example, when Tang Tiezui said "Thank you for this year", he said "This year is still worth thanking!" This sentence contains his sadness and resentment. Wang Lifa's tragedy is a true portrayal of the life and fate of ordinary people in old China. Grandpa Chang is a standard bearer, but he is dissatisfied with the corrupt Qing government and hates imperialism even more. He is upright, stubborn, enterprising, full of sense of justice and ready to help others. In the play, he was dissatisfied with catching his spy and sent pickles and chicken to Wang Li, who was worried. He has a strong sense of resistance and patriotism. Pockmarked Liu, this is a local ruffian, who makes money by abducting people through matchmaking. In the article, he talked with two deserters about business, but he was shot as a deserter before talking about his grades. This character image shows the morbidness and deformity of the society at that time.

The dramatic structure of Teahouse is very unique, and it is called "Tujuan Opera". There are no complete plot clues and conflicts throughout the work, but the activities of many characters drive the development of the plot. There are more than 30 characters in the second act of Teahouse, and nearly 20 people have lines, but these characters have no obvious distinction between primary and secondary, and everyone has few lines. They passed each other in the teahouse and talked about their own affairs. The activities of the characters in the play are all about intercepting a cross section of them in the teahouse. These countless pictures are organized to form a scroll painting, which gradually unfolds with the plot.

Teahouse adopts a special dramatic conflict. It seems that the characters in the play inevitably follow their own trajectory under the action of some external force. Honest and kind people can't get rid of bad luck, and those extremely active social scum follow their own moral standards. The author points the focus of contradiction directly to that old time, and every small conflict between characters implies the conflict between man and the old time. For example, Li San's accusation, the blackmail of patrol officers, the cries of refugees and the insolence of deserters all show the darkness caused by the warlord scuffle directed by imperialism and the profound disaster brought to the people.