Writing ghosts and writing demons is superior, and stabbing greed and stabbing abuse is three points. Who wrote it?

This is a couplet inscribed by Guo Moruo 1962 for Pu Songling's former residence in Pujiazhuang, Zichuan District, Zibo.

Couplets praise a famous writer in Qing Dynasty for "stabbing greed and abuse" by "writing ghosts and demons". Pu Songling. One of his works, Strange Tales from a Lonely Studio.

Strange Tales from a Lonely Studio is a collection of short stories in classical Chinese by Pu Songling, a novelist of China in the Qing Dynasty.

There are 4,965,438+0 short stories in the book (Notes on the School Meeting of Strange Stories from a Lonely Studio) (494 Notes on Strange Stories from a Lonely Studio by Zhu).

They either exposed the darkness of feudal rule, attacked the decay of imperial examination system, or resisted the shackles of feudal ethics, and had rich and profound ideological content. The works describing the theme of love are the largest in the book, showing a strong anti-feudal ethical code spirit. Some of these works show the author's ideal love through the love between foxes and people.

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The Creative Background of Strange Tales from a Lonely Studio

Pu Songling was born in a scholarly family. In his early years, he also wanted to use the imperial examination to be an official. Unfortunately, he tried again and again and could only make a living by teaching. He has been interested in folk ghost stories since childhood.

It is said that Pu Songling once opened a teahouse in front of his house in order to collect materials. People who come to drink tea can use a story instead of tea money. Pu Songling collected a large number of bizarre stories in this way, and after finishing and processing, they were included in Strange Tales from a Lonely Studio.

According to the notes of the Qing Dynasty, "Three Borrowing Lu Bi Tan", Pu Songling spread a mat on the ground next to the avenue every morning and set up a yancha, waiting for passers-by to collect anecdotes. Every time I hear something, I whitewash it when I go home.

In the first year of Kangxi (1662), Pu Songling began to write stories about foxes and ghosts at the age of 22. In the spring of the eighteenth year of Kangxi, forty-year-old Pu Songling compiled the manuscript into a book Strange Tales from a Lonely Studio for the first time, with a preface in the south. Since then, it has been added frequently. It was not until around 239 and 46 years of Kangxi that there were several addenda in the book. The writing of Strange Tales from a Lonely Studio lasted more than forty years, and Pu Songling devoted most of his energy.

In Qing Dynasty, Wang Shizhen wrote a poem in Strange Tales from a Lonely Studio: "After listening to gossip, it rained like silk in the bean shed. I should be tired of talking, and I like listening to ghosts singing poems in the autumn grave. "

Feng Zhenluan's Reading Liaozhai Miscellaneous Notes: "Liaozhai is not in the text, and it is unique throughout the ages. The first argument is honest, accurate and reasonable, and there is no rebuttal. For example, a famous Confucian lectured, an old monk lectured on Zen, and an old folk chanted exhortations, which were beneficial to the body and mind and warned fools. When it comes to loyalty, filial piety and benevolence, it is a gift in the snow, an awakening, and a book of human education. "

Preface to Chen Tingji's Strange Tales from a Lonely Studio: "It is also an unprecedented work, so that the Tang people can see it and enter the forest. Later authors should put aside the ears of writing. "

Mr. Lu Xun's comment: "Strange Tales from a Lonely Studio, like similar books at that time, is nothing more than a story about immortals and foxes. But describing twists and turns, telling stories in an orderly way, and using legendary techniques are important. A changing shape, as in front of your eyes; Or it's easy to tune. Don't tell the Syrian people that they are different. Out of disillusionment, they came to this world;

The occasional anecdote is also concise, which makes readers feel refreshed. ..... The wonderful books of the late Ming Dynasty are generally simple and absurd; Strange Tales from a Lonely Studio is unique in details, showing its commonness and making flowers intoxicated by foxes. Most of them are human feelings, easy to be amiable, and forgotten as heterogeneous, but occasionally they meet storks and know that they are inhuman. "

Guo Moruo commented: "Writing ghosts and writing demons is superior, and stabbing greed and stabbing abuse is three points."

Lao She commented: "Ghost foxes have character, and they laugh and scold into articles."