Fortune teller Li Guang _ Fortune teller Li Guang

Li Guang, a flying general who is not worthy of the name.

Biography of General Li in Historical Records describes the bumpy life of Li Guang, known as the flying general. The article is permeated with the author's unique deep sympathy and emotion. The author is deeply indignant at Li Guang's life under the oppression of nobles, and deeply sympathizes with his tragic ending of "killing himself with a knife", which has always touched the readers' hearts. So later generations wrote: "General Li's achievements in defending the frontier of the motherland, his extraordinary courage and fear of the enemy are also deeply engraved in people's hearts through the author's pen." For thousands of years, few people have observed the hero's life calmly and comprehensively through this deep network of sympathy. In fact, this general Li, who is deeply respected by later generations, is famous for calling him a good general rather than a good general. More precisely, Li Guang is a soldier with superb martial arts and extraordinary courage, but he is not a general who commands hordes and attacks the city and destroys the enemy.

First, Li has no talent as a general.

Li Guang came from a family of generals: "First he was called Li Xin, then he was a general in the Qin Dynasty, and he was also a pursuer of Yan Wang and Dan. Therefore, in the tree, migration becomes discipline. Guang Jia shoots. "

Li is deeply influenced by his family. He was proficient in riding and shooting when he was young. "He attacked Hu from the army with a beautiful family, rode and shot well, and killed many leaders. He was Hanzhong Lang." Later, "if you taste the line, you will fall into a trap, but if you pass it, you will be an animal." Emperor Wen said, "I'm sorry! When children are not satisfied! If your son becomes a high emperor, how can he be full of feet? " These words of Emperor Wendi of the Han Dynasty often touched future generations deeply, thinking that General Li was born at an untimely time and was often driven by lyrics. For example, Sima Zhen's "Suo Yin Shu Zan" said: "If you make good use of martial arts, you will be really disabled. Solve the saddle but defeat the enemy, circle and destroy the front. The border county has repeatedly defended, and the army has followed. If you lose your way, you will see it. Cherish the famous soldiers and travel to the West! " Lu You's "Gift to Liu Gaizhi": "Li Guang is not the world of Chu and Han, and it is difficult to seal a family." Another example is Liu Kezhuang's "Qin Yuanchun Meng Fu Ruo": "Let General Li see Gao Di, how can he get justice!" They all thought that General Li had some seals, which could even be compared with the talents of generals such as Han Xin in the early Han Dynasty, but this was all wet. Li Guang has neither Sean's strategy of "strategizing and winning a thousand miles" nor Han Xin's general talent of "hammering and winning every battle".

Look at Li Guang again. He said that he had fought more than 70 battles with the Huns, and it was really rare to win the battles. Some of them were just personal brave examples and deeds. "Tasting western Gansu, northern China, Yanmen, Dai Jun and Yunzhong are all in the name of happeneth." But it has not achieved great results.

Only one person is brave. For example, "However, the general shot an arrow at night and missed the stone forest", which was widely praised by later generations: "When hunting widely, I saw stones in the grass and shot them as tigers, but one of them missed. See it, Shi Ye. "

Another example is Li Guang's rescue of China aristocrats in Historical Records and Biography of General Lee:

When the Huns entered Shang Jun, the emperor asked the nobles to learn Le Guang to attack the Huns. Nobles will ride dozens of horses, meet Huns and fight. The three men also shot, wounded the nobles, killed them and rode them all away. People in China travel widely. Guang Yue said, "If you shoot, you will carve." Guangnai rode from Baiji dolphin to Chishan. Three dead horses walk for miles. He was told to ride the left and right wings, but he shot three people himself, killed two and gave birth to one. The Xiongnu archer also succeeded. I was tied to a horse. I saw the Huns riding thousands, and I saw the scope. I thought I was tempted to ride, so I was surprised and went up the hill. If you ride widely, you are afraid and you want to go back. Guang said, "I went to the army for dozens of miles, and now I am riding a hundred horses. The Huns are chasing me to the end." If I stay here today, the Huns will seduce me with my army and dare not hit me. "The light ordered the riders to say," Front! When he arrived at the residence of Hun Chen Erli, he ordered: "Everybody dismount and untie the saddle!" ! "He said, riding a horse," if you are close to the enemy, you will be in a hurry. Why? "Guang Yue said," Petrou takes me as his way, and now he unties his saddle to show that he can't go, so he can use his firmness. " So Hu Qi dare not attack. A white horse will come out to protect his soldiers. Li Guang got on the horse and rode and shot Hu Baima with more than ten people, but he got off the saddle and left all the soldiers lying down. It was already dusk, and Hu Bing finally complained about it, afraid to strike it. In the middle of the night, Hu Bing thought that Korea had an ambush to take it at night, and Hu Jun led the troops away. Pindan, Li Guang belongs to his army. The army didn't know what was widely known, so it followed suit.

People often praise Li Guang's agility and wisdom in leading Hundred Riders to escape from thousands of Xiongnu Riders. In fact, Li Guang, as a general of an army, ignored the army and led a hundred soldiers to kill three Xiongnu armies. He was almost caught and killed, which is unwise in itself. And "the army doesn't know everyone, so follow it", more obvious is Li Guang's laziness in leading troops to run the army. In Biography of General Lee, the difference between Li Guang and another general who didn't know how to run the army at that time was compared:

Cheng doesn't know the reason, so he and Li Guang have the same position. And attack Hu, and do everything possible, but be good and careless, stop, all help themselves, and defend themselves without fighting or fighting. Mo Fu saved the book, but he was far away from the scouts and was not killed. Cheng didn't know that the main part of the Song Dynasty was to fight Chen, fight with knives and run the army to the Ming Dynasty. The army could not rest, but it was not killed. I don't know: "Li Guangjun is extremely simple, but it is impossible to ban him." And his foot soldiers were happy, and Yue Xian died for it. Although our army is annoyed, don't offend me. "

Li Guang is in charge of the army. "If you do nothing, you will be good at aquatic plants, stop, save yourself, and defend yourself without attacking Diao Dou." Only by "far scouts" was "not killed". If you don't know Cheng, you should run the army strictly. This comparison, of course, Sima Qian did not want to say that Li Guang was lazy in running the army, but wanted to show Li Guang's unique style in running the army. He wanted to show Li Guang's love and compassion for the foot soldiers by telling him that Li Guang shared joys and sorrows with the foot soldiers, and he didn't take the chief officer seriously. "His foot soldiers were also happy, and Yue Xian died for it.". But in fact, it is precisely because of Li Guang's lax management of the army, lax prevention and poor planning that the army has become a "mob". Although the foot soldiers are willing to fight for it, there is no doubt that in the long run, the overall combat effectiveness of the army will be greatly weakened and it will be easily attacked by the enemy. Cheng did not know: "Minimalism, but forbidden." Right at the disadvantage of Li Guang's troops. It happened that Li Guang was "conceited" and often wanted to rely on his personal bravery, hoping to win more with less, which eventually led to repeated wars and defeats. Defeated outside Yanmenguan;

Historical Records Biography of General Lee contains:

Then he was four years old and lived in Yuanguang for six years (BC 129). With Wei as the general, he set out to attack the Huns, and the Huns had many soldiers, which destroyed the Guang army. Come from a wide range. Khan, who has heard about Guangxian for a long time, said: If you get Li Guang, you will be born. When Hu Qi was ill, he lay between two horses. After more than ten miles, I died in detail. There is a Hu Er riding a good horse next to him. He boarded Hu Er's horse temporarily. Because the pusher took the bow and whipped the horse for dozens of miles, the rest of the army was recovered. He was blocked because of his lead. Xiongnu captors rode hundreds to chase them, widely took the Hu bow, shot it, chased it and eliminated it. So in the Han Dynasty, the Han Dynasty was a lenient official. Officials should be widely lost, born in Lu, cut it and redeem it.

Later generations read this, not only did they not blame Li Guangzhi for failing to break the enemy, but they rewarded Li Guangzhi with courage and wisdom to escape from danger. Little imagine, these just show that Li Guang has only one man's courage, and no general will spend hordes to attack the city and break the enemy. For example, a fire broke out in a paper mill due to neglect of management at ordinary times, and the factory leaders actively organized fire fighting to minimize losses. Public opinion also vigorously promoted the "heroic" deeds of factory leaders in organizing fire fighting and trying their best to reduce losses. On the contrary, no one investigated this kind of fire, which was caused by poor management at ordinary times and could have been avoided. It was his dereliction of duty, but it made him a hero. Li Guang went to the county to save your personnel, and Yanmen was arrested and pretended to escape, which was similar. Readers are immersed in Sima Qian's sympathy and emotion, but forget the true face of the protagonist, which is probably the reason why they have lamented Li Zan and Li Zhi for thousands of years.

Second, Li Guang is not a benevolent general.

Originally, it was inappropriate to measure a general and make a general moral value judgment. Benevolence is not an important indicator as a general, but the key lies in military achievements and significance. However, people always appreciate Li Guang's "love the soldiers and the people" from some paragraphs in Historical Records Biography of General Li. For example, "Guang Lian, you must be rewarded for your work and share your diet with scholars. In the end, my body has been 2000 stones for more than 40 years, and there is no extra money at home, and I won't talk about things at home. " "Wide soldiers, lack of rescue, see water, foot soldiers don't drink, not near the water; The foot soldiers don't eat all the food, nor do they taste all the food. Generous and not harsh, scholars use this philharmonic. " He also said that after Li Guang's "self-destruction", "all the officers and men of the Guang Jun Army cried, and the people cried when they heard it. Whether they knew it or not, it was suitable for all ages", which easily attracted some readers or listeners' sympathy, feeling and regret, thinking that Li Guang was really a benevolent general. However, when we observe the whole biography with a little calmness, we will find, and then we will be surprised to find that this general Li, who "eats and drinks with soldiers", is not the benevolent general as people think. Look:

(Guang) At night, I rode out, drank people's fields, and returned to Baling Pavilion. The captain of Baling was drunk, so I rode Guang Yue, so General Li. Wei said: General is not allowed to walk at night. Why not? Stop at Guangsu Pavilion. There is nothing to live in. Xiongnu killed the western Liaoning satrap, defeated General Han, and then turned to Beiping. So the son of heaven called the right Beiping satrap. Guang immediately asked the commander-in-chief of Baling to lead the army to cut it. "

Not to mention that Commander Baling was really drunk and didn't know how to offend him. Even if he really offended General Li, it was not a heinous crime, but General Li got revenge. Really not a gentleman's move, no kindness! This is a far cry from another famous Han Anguo at that time. The Biography of Historical Records of Han Anguo contains:

Later, Anguo sat down to make amends and was humiliated by the prison official Tian Jia. An National Road: Will it be revived? Tian Jia said: I drowned it There is nothing to live in, Liang lacks history. The Chinese ambassador worshipped Anguo as the ambassador in Liang, and moved two thousand stones. Tian Jia is dead. An Guo said: If A is not an official, I will be destroyed. A is naked because of the meat, Anguo said with a smile, you can drown! What is the difference between today and today? It's good to meet a pawn.

Han Anguo's generosity is in sharp contrast to Li Guangzhi's intolerance. Another example is Li Guang's Regret: "I tried to defend Longxi, and the Qiang people tried to rebel, and I was induced to surrender. More than 800 people fell, and I cheated and killed them that day. " This cruel act of cheating and killing has degenerated. At that time, Wang Shuo, a famous gas expert, said that "the disaster is greater than the killing, and the drop is greater than the drop. This is a general and cannot wait". Have readers ignored it for thousands of years? Knowing everything, saying everything, is taboo for the venerable, for fear of ruining the name that General Li has admired for thousands of years, so as to hide the true colors of General Li.

The saddest thing is that General Li "cut himself with a knife". This is indeed a tragedy. But is the hero of the tragedy really so sympathetic? Let's imagine that Li Guang was over 60 years old at that time, even for modern people whose life expectancy was generally higher than that at that time, it was old, not to mention that in BC, where life expectancy was 70 years, it was even rarer! For a general going to war, I have to say that he is really too old! Therefore, in the decisive battle with Xiongnu under the command of General Wei Qing, it is imperative that Li Guang, who is old and weak, cannot be the main force and cannot be placed in the most important position. This is a wise move that meets the needs of a tough war. Li Guang, on the other hand, was eager to fight, trying to build immortal achievements and not listening to orders. "Let's go without thanks, go very angry, and lead the troops and general Zuo to eat their troops out of the host. The army's guidance or improper, after the general ",led to the general and Khan missed the opportunity," Khan evaded, he can get it back. " As a soldier, it is his bounden duty to obey orders, and he can't spoil the affairs of the country because of his own selfishness. Li lost his bag. It should be said that it is natural to investigate the responsibility of violating the law and discipline, and it is also natural to investigate Li Guang's dereliction of duty and breaking the law. Finally, Li Guang "couldn't get back the official of the sword and pen, so he drew his sword and committed suicide".

Third, Li Guang has no talent.

Looking at Li Guang's life, we can't say that he was born at the wrong time. He also has many opportunities to make contributions. Moreover, Li Guang once had a great chance to gain the trust of Emperor Wu of the Han Dynasty, and Wei Qing and others fully demonstrated his generalship. However, Li Guang was defeated and he was taken alive. He escaped only by wit. "Since the mayi army five years old autumn, Korea's four will each ride on Hu Guancheng. General Wei Qing went from Shanggu to Longcheng, and Hu Shou captured 700 people. GongSunHe walked out of the clouds and found nothing. Gongsun ao went out and was defeated by Hu Qian. Li Guang went out of the wild goose gate and was defeated by Hu. Huns live widely and die widely. The prisoners of the Han Dynasty, Ao Guang and Ao Guang, were redeemed for Shu Ren. " (Biography of Xiongnu) Later, in the sixth year of Yuanshuo (123), he was reinstated as a post-general, and he started from the general Wei Qingjun to attack Xiongnu. Most generals will be the first to win the battle. Those people are waiting for merit, but Guang Jun has no job. "There are many opportunities in Li Guang.

Emperor Wudi's counterattack against Xiongnu began in the sixth year of Yuanguang (129 BC) and lasted for 30 or 40 years, marked by a decisive victory in Mobei. During this period, the Han army launched three major counterattacks against the Xiongnu, and achieved decisive victory, which fundamentally solved the problem of Xiongnu's invasion to the south. These three strategic counterattacks were Henan, Monan, Hexi and Mobei. Li Guang said that "Guang Jiefa fought against Xiongnu for more than 70 wars", which can be described as a battle-hardened veteran. Moreover, Li Guang experienced the three most important battles in the Sino-Hungarian War, but there were not many commendable major military achievements that really made achievements. In the end, because of violating military discipline and delaying the fighter plane, it ended in a tragic ending of "suicide."

"History of the Huns" contains: Five years after Mayi Army, four generals of the Han Dynasty rode horses to attack Huguan City. General Wei Qing went from Shanggu to Longcheng, and Hu Shou captured 700 people. GongSunHe walked out of the clouds and found nothing. Gongsun ao went out and was defeated by Hu Qian. Li Guang went out of the wild goose gate and was defeated by Hu. Huns live widely and die widely. The prisoners of the Han Dynasty, Ao and Guang, Ao and Guang, were redeemed. In winter, Xiongnu thousands of troops stole the border, especially Yuyang. The general of the China Embassy is ready for Hu. In the autumn of the following year, 20,000 Huns rode into the Han Dynasty, killing the western Liaoning satrap, with only 2,000 people. In Yuyang, more than a thousand defenders were defeated and the generals were surrounded to ensure national security. During Anguo's state visit, more than a thousand people rode on it and rescued it strictly. As soon as he arrived, the Huns went and killed a little more than 1000 people in Yanmen. So Han will ride Wei Qing out of the Wild Goose Gate with 30,000 soldiers, and attack Hu from the county. It will take thousands of soldiers first. Next year, Wei Qing will return to the west and go to Longxi to attack Hu Loufan and Prince Aries of Henan, and Hu Shoulu will seize millions of sheep. So the Han Dynasty took the land of Henan, built the north, and restored what Meng Tian did in the Qin Dynasty, which was consolidated by the river. Han also gave up the struggle to go to the valley to build Yang land for Hu in the county. Years old, it is also the second year of yuanshuo.

In the autumn of the first year of yuanshuo (128th BC), the Huns entered the customs, killed the satrap in western Liaoning and defeated the Han Anguo army. See Historical Records, Biography of Han Changru, Biography of Xiongnu and History of Emperor Wu of the Han Dynasty. This happened in the autumn of the first year of Yuanshuo (65438 BC+028 BC), when Han Anguo was stationed in Yuyang (now Beijing). After that, General Han moved to Beiping and died. So the son of heaven called to worship the Beiping satrap. "When I lived in the Qing Dynasty, when the stone was made, I asked Dr. Guangdang to make it." According to Wan Zhuan, the year of Shi Jian's death is unknown. Han Shu Guan Bai Gong Qing Biao was Li Guang as a doctor in the sixth year of Yuan Shuo, so it should have been completed in this year. It can be seen that Li Guang was the right satrap of Beiping from the first year of Yuanshuo to the sixth year of Yuanshuo, that is, from 128 to 123, that is, during the Han, Hungarian, Henan and desert wars.

In the second year of Yuan Shuo (BC 127), tarquin invaded Shanggu (now southeast of Huailai, Hebei) and Yuyang (now southwest of Miyun, Beijing). Emperor Wu of the Han Dynasty fought back and sent a young general, Wei Qing, to attack Huns-occupied Henan. Wei Qing led his troops to the north, went out of the clouds, marched westward along the Yellow River, and raided the headquarters of King Loufan and King Aries of Xiongnu, who occupied Hetao and its south area, and recovered all the land in Henan. This campaign dismantled the springboard for Huns to invade the Central Plains, relieved the threat to Chang 'an and established a strategic offensive base for the Han army. Unwilling to lose Henan's strategic position, Xiongnu nobles repeatedly sent troops to harass Shuofang in an attempt to recapture Henan. Emperor Wu of the Han Dynasty decided to fight back and launched the Battle of Monan in the spring of the fifth year of Yuan Shuo (BC 124). Wei Qing led the army out of the north, into the desert south, and fought back against the Xiongnu right Wang Xian; Li Xi and others sent troops to Beiping (now southwest of Ningcheng, Inner Mongolia) to contain Khan and the Left and coordinate the actions of Wei Qing's main force. Wei Qing made a long-distance raid on Wang Ting, the right king. He was caught off guard and fled to the north in a panic. The victory of this campaign further consolidated the important position of Shuofang, completely eliminated the direct threat of Xiongnu to Chang 'an, the capital of Beijing, and cut off the left and right parts of Xiongnu in order to divide and rule. In February and April of the following year (before 123), the new general Wei Qing led his cavalry out of Dingxiang twice (northwest of Inner Mongolia and Linger), killing more than 10,000 Xiongnu troops before and after, expanding the results of the Xiongnu War and forcing the Xiongnu main force to retreat to Mobei area and stay away from the Han territory.

Sima Qian narrated Li Guang's prestige. "Therefore, the Emperor called on the prefect of Peiping, which was widely spread to the right. The Huns, who lived widely in right Beiping, heard about it and called it "the flying general of the Han Dynasty". He has been hiding for several years, and he is afraid to enter Right Beiping. " In fact, Sima Qian's praise is a kind of virtual beauty. Li Guang's years as the magistrate of Youbeiping coincided with the first large-scale battle launched by Emperor Wu of the Han Dynasty against Xiongnu, that is, the battle between Henan and Monan, which lasted for several years. This campaign, Li Guang is not in the main battlefield from beginning to end. Although this battle started because tarquin invaded Shanggu (now southeast of Huailai, Hebei Province) and Yuyang (now southwest of Miyun, Beijing). However, from the beginning, the large-scale counterattack of the Han army took the action policy of permanently relieving the pressure in the Gyeonggi area, ensuring the security of the Gyeonggi area, and then gaining the initiative of strategic attack. Therefore, the Han army focused on the western front battlefield near the Gyeonggi area, and some troops stuck to the eastern front to contain the Xiongnu troops. Moreover, the focus of the Sino-Hungarian War in the period of Emperor Wu of the Han Dynasty was always not on the eastern front, but on the western front. Li Guang played a role in containing the Huns' military strength and coordinating the main operations of the Han army. Xiongnu also didn't take the eastern front as the main direction. After the Huns captured Henan, they tried many times to recover and harass Shuofang and other places. The Han army also tried to protect it in an attempt to gain a strategic offensive position for a long time. Therefore, the main battlefield of the later Sino-Hungarian War was interwoven in Henan and Monan areas on the western line west of Taihang Mountain. "Later, the Huns entered Dai Jun, Yanmen, Dingxiang, Shang Jun and Shuofang, killing more people." (The Biography of Hanshu Wei Qing and Huo Qubing) Peiping, on the right side of the Eastern Front, is not the focus of contention between the two sides, and the fighting between the two sides here is rare and small. Therefore, Sima Qian's so-called "widely living in right Beiping, the Huns heard about it, and General posthumous title Hanfei avoided it for several years, but he dared not enter right Beiping", praising Weah of Li Guangzhi, but it was an empty talk.

"Live hectares, and strong, so called wide generation of strong as a doctor. In the sixth year of yuanshuo (BC 123), he was reinstated as a post-general and went out from Wei Qing army to make a crusade against Xiongnu. Most generals will be the first to win the battle, and those who are waiting for meritorious service, and Guang Jun has no job. "

In the second year of Yuanshou (12 1), Emperor Wu of the Han Dynasty launched the famous Hexi War in the Sino-Hungarian War. Hexi, now Wuwei, Zhangye, Jiuquan and other places in Gansu Province, is the gateway of the mainland to the western regions and has an important strategic position. At this time, it was still under the control of Xiongnu, posing a threat to the flank of the Han Dynasty. In order to open up the road to the western regions and consolidate the western capital areas, Han Ting decided to launch the Hexi Campaign. Therefore, a powerful cavalry unit was organized and a young general, Huo Qubing, was appointed to the Xiongnu army in Hexi. In March of the second year of Yuanshou (12 1 years ago), Huo Qubing led ten thousand people out of Longxi, crossed Wushaoling and attacked the Xiongnu in Hexi Corridor. He took surprise attack tactics, drove straight into the country, and broke the five kingdoms of Xiongnu in only six days. Then he crossed Yanqi Mountain (now Huangshan Mountain in Shandan, Gansu Province) for more than 1000 miles and fought the Xiongnu army at the foot of Gaolan Mountain. Lien Chan won a great victory, killed nearly 9,000 enemies, beheaded several Xiongnu famous soldiers, captured Xiongnu prince Guo Xiang and a surname alive, and returned home in triumph. In the summer of the same year, in order to completely annihilate the Xiongnu army in Hexi, Emperor Wu of the Han Dynasty once again ordered the whole army of Huo Qubing to attack. In order to prevent the Xiongnu left in the northeast from attacking, he asked Zhang Qian, Li Guang and others to lead the troops out of Peiping and attack the left to cooperate with Huo Qubing's main action. Huo Qubing led tens of thousands of elite cavalry out of Beidi County, bypassing the north of Hexi Corridor, and the circuitous depth exceeded 1000 km. He went deep behind enemy lines, attacking from northwest to southeast, and the autumn wind swept away the leaves and broke the Huns' ministries. In the Heihe River Basin between Qilian Mountain and Helishan Mountain, he fought a decisive battle with the Xiongnu main force in Hexi, killing more than 30,000 people and winning a decisive victory. During the campaign, Huo Qubing captured five famous Huns, the Empress Dowager, the Prince, the Prime Minister and the General, and collected 40,000 evil Huns, all of whom occupied the Hexi Corridor. The Han court set up four counties in Wuwei, Jiuquan, Zhangye and Dunhuang, and the immigrants actually guarded the production. The battle of Hexi dealt a devastating blow to the Xiongnu army in Hexi area, extended the rule of Han Dynasty to this area, opened the road of communication between Han and the western regions, realized the strategic goal of "breaking the Xiongnu's right arm" and provided the possibility for further large-scale counterattack against Xiongnu.

And "Historical Records Biography of General Lee" contains:

The doctor rode 4000 people out of right Beiping, and his money rode 10000 people out of another road in right Beiping. The journey can be hundreds of miles, and the Xiongnu left general will ride 40,000 square meters, and the sergeant is afraid of it, which makes his son dare to gallop. Dare to ride dozens of people alone, ride straight over Hu, out of its left and right, and tell the public: "Easy to listen." Sergeant Naian. As we all know, Chen is extroverted, and Hu is eager to strike, and the arrows are like rain. Han soldiers are half dead, and Han Ya is exhausted. Just let the men hold their hair, but just shoot his generals with the Sichuan army and kill several people, thanks to. At dusk, all the officials are pale, but they are broad-minded and comfortable, which is conducive to running the army. The army is born brave. Fight again tomorrow, and when Hou Jun arrives, the Xiongnu army will rest. Han army, can chase. It's time for Guang Jun to leave. According to the law of China, if you wish to stay late, you will be redeemed when you die. The generous military exploits are unrestrained and there is no reward.

The battle of Hexi, Huo Qubing, brilliant results, and Li Guangze is still losing, merits and demerits offset, did not get a reward. It can be seen that Emperor Wu of the Han Dynasty gave Li Guang a chance again and again, but Li Guang just couldn't make any great achievements, and he repeatedly lost and fought. Opportunity after opportunity, in exchange for failure and humiliation again and again. Later generations often lament that Li Guang was born at an untimely time. It's hard to meet a talented person, isn't it Wei Hehuo and Sima Qian's two most famous exploits in the Sino-Hungarian War are beyond words. On the contrary, they think Wei and Huo are out of consorts, and their contribution is also out of luck. Who, Huo Chengsheng gave birth to a consort, but his merit was a fluke?

In the spring of the fourth year of Yuanshou (before 1 19), General Wei Qing and General Huo Qubing each received 50,000 cavalry and hundreds of thousands of infantry followers. Huo Qubing went to Dai Jun, and Wei Qing went to Xiongnu. This campaign was the most prominent and decisive battle of Mobei in the Han-Hungarian War. Li Guang offended Sri Lanka. Historical Records Biography of General Lee contains:

Ask yourself. The son of heaven thinks that he is old and blessed; I worked for a long time and thought it was a former general. It's ten years old and Yuanshou is four years old.

Widely from the general attack huns, out of the fortress. Qing captured Lu, knowing that Khan lived in it, but left with a good soldier, so that Guang and the right general were combined and the left was the master. The host is less far back, but the army is less aquatic plants, so the situation is not good. Hiroko invited him and said, "I was a former general. Now the general wants to move my minister out of the host country, and I am at war with the Huns. I should be single-minded today, and I am willing to be the first, so I will die first. " General Qingyi was warned that Li Guang was old, frail and eccentric, and could not do whatever he wanted. But Gongsun Ao lost his job and became a general in China. The general also wanted to make Ao unique, so he moved to the former general. Know it widely and resign from the general. The general didn't listen, so he ordered Changshi to seal the book with Guang Zhi's Mofu, saying, "I am anxious about my department, like a book." Thanks to the general, he didn't start, but he was very angry and went to the department. He led the troops and right generals to eat their troops and left the host. The army died, or lost its way and became a general. The general fought Khan, Khan fled and Fu was able to get back. Munan, meet the former general and the right general. Seeing the general, I joined the army. The general's envoy, Chang Shifu, wanted to write a book and report the twists and turns of the imperial army because of his extensive inquiry and misconduct. Hongdao is wrong. The general made the long history anxious and blamed Hongdao shogunate. Guang said, "All the generals are innocent, but I have lost my way. I am in the book now. " To Mofu, widely known as its subordinates; "Guangfa and Xiongnu fought more than 70 wars. Today, fortunately, the general was Khan Bing, and the general moved widely and retreated far away, but he lost. It is not a day! Moreover, he is over sixty years old and can't get his sword and pen back. " So I cut myself with a knife. The scholar-officials in Guang Jun's army cried. When the people heard it, they all cried. He was the only right general, and when he died, he was redeemed for Shu Ren.

People often lament that Li Guang was born at an untimely time, being excluded and suppressed, but almost no one really understands that he has too much sadness and admiration for this general. This is also a misunderstanding of history. This misunderstanding is of course caused by Sima Qian. Sima Qian put up with humiliation and drag out an ignoble existence, and wrote angrily, and his thoughts and grievances run through the book. Because of the historian's quality and personal experience, he has a lot of dissatisfaction and resentment towards the Liu Han dynasty, so he can see strong personal comments and judgments from time to time in Historical Records. He sympathized with failed heroes, exiled courtiers and tragic figures. Qu Yuan, Xiang Yu, Han Xin, Jia Yi, Li Guang and others. Their biographies have become the most outstanding chapters in Historical Records, full of deep regret. On the contrary, he has a cold critical eye and a disapproving sneer at those successful figures, such as Emperor Gaozu Liu Bang, Wei Qing and Huo Qubing. For example, Huo Wei, who made the most outstanding contribution in the Sino-Hungarian War, seldom praised him sincerely, but selfishly thought it was a fluke. Compared with the touching Biography of General Li, Biography of General Wei, which records Wei and Huo, is extremely mediocre, and even some critics say it is worthless. The sharp contrast between this brilliant and gloomy biography comes directly from the author Sima Qian's personal feelings.