Shanghang county society

In the fifth year of Song Chunhua (994), Shanghang County was established. After three migrations, the county magistrate moved to Guofang Road (now Linjiang Town) in four years (1 168). From the construction of the city wall in the first year of Duanping (1234) to before liberation, successive governments operated the county town for 7 16 years. 1949, in addition to a wall, there is a narrow "main street" in the public buildings in the urban area, with shops of different heights below two floors on both sides. In addition, ancestral halls and temples are all over the streets. The whole urban area is only 0.9 square kilometers. In rural areas, before the Qing Dynasty, the only public buildings were ancestral halls, temples and stupas. During the Republic of China, the township government began to build bunker-style offices. Farmers live in groups by mountains and rivers. The building structure has many earth walls and tile roofs, which are low and humid, and people and animals live together. After the 23rd year of the Republic of China (1934), the revolutionary base areas were devastated, devastated and desolate.

1987 The completed housing area of public buildings is 426,000 square meters, of which127,000 square meters is residential, and the urban and rural landscape has undergone tremendous changes. The county has been rebuilt and newly built, and the streets are vertical and horizontal, and the width has been expanded from the original 2 ~ 3 meters to more than 10 meters. The newly-built North Ring Road is 3.4 kilometers long and 36 meters wide, and evergreen landscape trees are planted beside the street. At night, street lamps are like day, and trees are dancing. Buildings have sprung up and stood neatly on both sides of the street. After 38 years of expansion, the urban planning area of 1987 has been expanded to 4.9 square kilometers, which is four times larger than that of 1949. From the eastern end of the North Ring Road to the East Bridge; West to the west end of the North Ring Road and the West Ring Road; South to Nangang Industrial Zone, connected by South Bridge; North to Beifeng Mountain residents' new village. Nowadays, the North Ring Road has become a new central city, and the North-South East Ring Road, North Avenue Road, Jianshe Road and West Ring Road are connected with Jiefang Road in the original city from east to west. In rural areas, the construction of market towns is changing with each passing day. There are many buildings in township governments, institutions, schools, hospitals and other enterprises and institutions. The factories of township enterprises are located in resource-rich mountain villages. Rural private housing conditions have also been significantly improved. Before liberation, it was difficult for farmers to build houses after several generations of accumulation. In the 38 years after liberation, housing construction has developed rapidly. With the increasing population, the per capita housing in rural areas reached 1.72 households 1.987 households, with a per capita construction area of 23.8 square meters.

Since 1987, the county planning has been adjusted three times, and the planned area has been expanded to 72 square kilometers. By 2002, the built-up area of the county reached 7 square kilometers, an increase of 4.7 square kilometers over 1987. The layout of five vertical and five horizontal main roads is formed in the urban area, and Binjiang Park and Binjiang Square are built. The per capita green area reached 9.4 square meters, and the urban green coverage rate reached 29.2%. Riverside garden city has begun to take shape. The quality of air environment in the county maintains the national first-class standard.

200 1, 10 Shanghang county was rated as "the national advanced city to create a civilized city" by Publicity Department of the Communist Party of China, the Central Civilization Office, the Ministry of Construction, the Ministry of Agriculture and the State Environmental Protection Administration.

In 2007, the land acquisition and demolition of Longchang Expressway (Shanghang section) was fully completed, the expansion projects of National Highway 205 and Provincial Highway 308 entered the final stage, and the 40-kilometer reconstruction project of Hangyong Line from Chengguan to Rentian was basically completed; 230 kilometers of rural roads will be built, and all the roads in mountainous villages and towns in the province will be hardened. Urban and rural power grid construction has been strengthened. The Huang Zhu-Lufeng 1 10KV transmission line project, urban power grid transformation and technical transformation projects of Chengguan, Guoche and Yang Jiao substations were fully completed. Huang Zhu 1 10KV power transmission and transformation project entered the equipment installation, and Nanyang 1 10KV power transmission and transformation project progressed as planned. The construction of the Great Chengguan continued to advance, and the county planning continued to improve. The regulatory detailed planning of the northern new city, the regulatory detailed planning of the old city, the urban design along Shanghang Avenue, the urban landscape on both sides of Tingjiang River and the urban road system were reviewed and compiled by experts. Urban greening, beautification and lighting were further strengthened. Radio and television "every village" project and the overall translation and conversion of digital TV have been accelerated. Huimin pharmacy was established in the county town in Yuan Dynasty (134 1 ~ 1368), which was the earliest government-run pharmacy in Shanghang. From the Ming Dynasty, the folk medicine industry developed gradually, and by the end of the Qing Dynasty and the beginning of the Republic of China, there were more than 200 Chinese medicine halls and shops in China.

In the 30th year of Guangxu in Qing Dynasty (1904), western medicine and western medicine were introduced. In the first year of the Republic of China (19 12), foreign churches began to set up medical clinics in China.

Before liberation, Shanghang's economy was backward, people were poor, medical technology was low, medicine sources were in short supply, medical equipment was crude, and the problem of lack of medicine and medicine was extremely prominent, with frequent epidemics, high mortality and low survival rate. In 25 years of the Republic of China, only five hospitals in the county had no beds, and there were 14 health workers (including 7 doctors and 7 pharmacists), with an average of 1 doctor for every 30,000 people. In that year, there were 1 153 people and 102 people died in the whole county. In 38 years, smallpox and measles were prevalent, and more than 0/000 people died in the county. On the eve of liberation, there were 1 health centers, private Chinese medicine clinics and shops 156, 42 western medicine pharmacies and clinics, and 38 1 person engaged in integrated traditional Chinese and western medicine.

During the Second Revolutionary Civil War, the Red Army established Yang Jiaohong Military Hospital and Fujian Military Region Pharmaceutical Factory. The Soviet governments of counties, districts and townships set up health institutions such as "public clinics" and "medicinal materials cooperatives" to facilitate people to seek medical treatment and purchase medicines.

After liberation, the people's government attached great importance to the development of medical and health undertakings, and by 1965, a three-level medical and health network was initially established at the county, community and team levels, alleviating the general situation of lack of doctors and medicines. In the 1970s, the cooperative medical system at the brigade (village) level was widely popularized, and at the same time, medical ethics education and the improvement of medical skills were emphasized. After the Third Plenary Session of the Eleventh Central Committee of the Communist Party of China, the three-level medical and health care network has developed to a new level, with sound institutions, updated equipment, enhanced strength and improved quality. By 1987, there are 7 county-level medical and epidemic prevention units, 4 township center hospitals and 6 hospitals 16, and more than 95% of administrative villages have medical stations (points). The development of medical and health undertakings has protected people's health and promoted the vigorous development of economic construction and the smooth progress of reform and opening up.

In 2007, there were 30 medical and health institutions in the county health system, including 8 county-level medical and health units, 3 central hospitals and 9 township hospitals. There are 938 beds in the county, 704 beds are actually open, and there are 905 staff members, including 793 health technicians. Among them, senior title is 5 1, intermediate title is 2 165438, and junior title is 485. There are 5 community health service stations, 564 rural health centers (rooms), 675 village-level health technicians and 29 self-employed doctors in the county. The county has 66,500 square meters of medical service rooms, 45,000 square meters of living rooms and 35,467,300 yuan of medical equipment. The business income of medical units in the county is 75,656,700 yuan, including medical income of 40/kloc-0,756,000 yuan, drug income of 3/kloc-0,843,600 yuan and other income of 3,637,500 yuan.

In 2007, Shanghang County continued to mobilize and encourage in-service health technicians to participate in professional training and academic education. In the whole year, 160 people were sent to participate in all levels of training, 56 people participated in all kinds of academic education, more than 400 health technicians participated in the continuing education of communication medicine in the province, and 1 15 people participated in the qualification examination of medical practitioners. Training for rural doctors was carried out, and seven standardized training courses for rural doctors were held, with a total of 650 participants. Shanghang in Jin Dynasty had the formula of Gutian Wulong wine cake; In the Tang dynasty, there were considerable planting and breeding industries; During the Kangding period of the Northern Song Dynasty (1040), the county people once mined gold in Zijinshan; In the Southern Song Dynasty, a melting pot was built in Baimei Mountain, Gutian, to make farm tools and weapons. In the second year of Jiatai (1202), the first edition of Shanghang County Records was printed in woodcut. There was a toilet paper workshop in the late Ming Dynasty; In the Qing Dynasty, there was an oil mill. In the 16th year of Qianlong (175 1), the bamboo lock made by Zou, the county seat, was as strong as copper and was chosen as a tribute to Beijing. During the Tongzhi period, Shangyuanshan mined silver mine; During the Guangxu period, there were already Mulan woven fabrics in Lufeng Township.

With the spread and application of science and technology, thermal power generation, movable type printing, machine rice milling, shipbuilding and automobile transportation began in the Republic of China. After liberation, the Party and the people's government attached great importance to scientific and technological work, and set up an agricultural technology extension station in the county town on 1950 to reform the farming system and improve varieties. Since then, smelting, machinery, textile, printing, chemical industry and food industry have all developed. 1June 65438, 959 to1October 65438, the county carried out technological innovation and revolution, but unrealistically "released satellites", resulting in grandiosity and blind command in the field of science and technology. 1960 February, the county set up a science and technology commission. 1962 after implementing the central government's policy of "adjustment, consolidation, enrichment and improvement", scientific and technological work resumed its style of seeking truth from facts. During the "Cultural Revolution", the Science and Technology Commission and the Association for Science and Technology were abolished, the science and technology promotion units were merged, and the scientific and technological work suffered setbacks. Under difficult conditions, the vast number of scientific and technological personnel are still conscientious and devoted to research to promote the development of science and technology. 1969 The first stone pier double arch permanent south gate bridge across Tingjiang River and the branch dam of Tingjiang River-Huilong hydraulic pump station were built. 1970, the whole county realized short-stem improved varieties and rice continuous cropping; 197 1 year, the county agricultural machinery factory designed and manufactured the "one load, one pick" thresher, and the county chemical fertilizer factory was completed and put into operation in the same year, and the new process of carbonizing briquettes was successfully developed in June of the following year.

1978 After the Third Plenary Session of the Eleventh Central Committee of the Communist Party of China, the science and technology administration and social organizations were restored and strengthened, the scientific and technological team grew stronger and more active, and the scientific and technological undertakings developed healthily. By the end of 1987, the number of scientific and technical personnel (including professional teachers) in the county was 5 19 1 person, which was 6 times higher than that of 1949. There are 883 agricultural and industrial technicians (including 720 who directly participate in the front line of industrial and agricultural production), and 65,438 scientific and technical personnel above junior college hold leadership positions at or above the deputy bureau level. 1987, there were 27 township (town) and county-level associations in the county, with 1 188 members; Professional societies 18, with 308 members. From1March 1978 to1June 1987, the county won 36 scientific and technological achievement awards at or above the county level, including 23 at the provincial level, and 38 scientific and technological papers at or above the county level were published. Five national science and technology "Spark Plan" implemented from 65438 to 0986 were completed as scheduled, and scientific and technological progress promoted economic development. 1987, the county's total industrial and agricultural output value was 2 10/00000 yuan, and the county's fiscal revenue was180000 yuan, of which about 20% depended on scientific and technological progress.

In 2007, we increased investment in agricultural science and technology, and allocated 400,000 yuan for agricultural science and technology, accounting for 53% of the three funds in the county. Accelerate the popularization and application of new agricultural technologies, focus on the overall goal of developing "one industry in one township" and "one product in one village", focus on the four major industries of high-quality rice, high-quality fruit tea, high-quality edible fungi and high-quality vegetables, introduce 85 new varieties throughout the year, popularize 480,000 mu of high-quality rice, cultivate 90,000 mu of rice without tillage, and popularize 6,543,805 mu of super rice. Strengthen the construction of agricultural science and technology demonstration bases, focusing on the construction of Cai Xi navel orange, Nanyang kumquat, Huyang green plum, Xikou citrus, Gutian vegetables, Shatian pomelo in summer, Buyun, Ba Tai tea and other bases. Before the Qing Dynasty, official documents were handed down by officials. Most folk letters are paid by the masses, so it is extremely difficult to send them from far away. In the 31st year of Guangxu reign (1905), a postal agency was established, and the next year it was changed to a second-class post office, and postal agencies and letter cabinets were set up in Lanjiadu, Fengmen, Zhongdu, Huilong, Baisha and Gutian 18. At that time, the county received 96,000 pieces of mail and sent 60,000 pieces of mail.

After the Republic of China, all post offices were abolished and all official documents were delivered by post offices. In 3 years (19 14), Longyan was connected with Changting via Shanghang, and a telegraph office was opened in Shanghang. The telegraph office connects Longyan and Changting with telegraph lines. There are long-distance calls, but the long-distance calls are for internal use only and are not open to the public. On April 7th, the telegraph line from Shanghang to Yongding was completed. /kloc-in 0/3 years, merchants raised funds to set up local telephones, and closed in 0/8 years.

During the Second Revolutionary Civil War, most of the territory was the Central Soviet Area. Although the Kuomintang blocked the communication in the Soviet area, due to the policy of protecting postal services adopted by the Red Army and the coexistence of post offices in the Soviet area and the Kuomintang-controlled area, normal postal services were obtained. At that time, Sujiapi in Shanghang set up a telephone switchboard, which was the telephone center of the Soviet government in western Fujian. Extensions are set up in Lanxi, Baisha, Longyan, Xinquan, Fangtu and Lei Hu, forming a temporary telephone network in western Fujian and the Soviet Union.

In 22, Shanghang set up a telephone switchboard as the official governor's office and business office. In 25 years, Xiejiaci resumed the telegraph office and changed it to the telegraph office the following year. In 27 years, the telephone switchboard room was officially put into operation, and posts and telecommunications were jointly established. In 29 years, Shanghang officially opened long-distance telephone services with Longyan, Yongding and Huichang, and exchanged telecommunications with other places through the Relations Bureau. In 34 years, Shanghang telephone station was established, and communication networks were formed between the county and all districts and townships. By the time of liberation in 1949, there were telecommunication bureaus and telephone exchanges 1 in the county, 2 post offices and 20 postal agencies.

After liberation, the post and telecommunications industry has developed rapidly, and post and telecommunications institutions and networks have spread all over urban and rural areas, and communication means have been continuously improved. Telegraph transmission has been changed from Morse manual transceiver to telex. 1970, the telephone line was changed to multi-channel carrier, and the telephone was changed from magnet type to ordinary semi-automatic type. Especially after 1978, with the deepening of reform and opening up, the frequency of information transmission is accelerated, and posts and telecommunications and equipment are updated year by year as modern tools. 1987 township factories and mines set up 20 post and telecommunications sub-offices (offices), 23 exchange points, and post and telecommunications staff 197 people. The county's postal route is 463 kilometers, which is 1950 times higher than 1.54 times. The total length of the delivery line of rural letters and newspapers is 1398 km, and the home delivery rate is over 42%. The number of export letters 1.38 million was 6 times higher than that of 1.952 and 64.5% higher than that of 1.980. The business income was 922,400 yuan, 26.8 times higher than that of 1.952, and the balance of payments was 65,438+. 1988 and 1989, local telephone and long-distance telephone automatic systems were opened one after another, and users could dial directly with China and even more countries and regions in the world 100, and the exchange capacity increased to 2,000.

In 2007, the total business volume15.364 million yuan, an increase of 8.27%; The business income was 6,543,804,450 yuan, up 654.38+02.63% year-on-year. In the whole year, we sent and received 1.58 million pieces of mail and delivered 2.342 million pieces of mail.

In 2007, the county telecom branch completed more than 7 million yuan in fixed assets investment, including more than 3 million yuan in equipment, more than 3 million yuan in pipelines and more than 500,000 yuan in renovation projects.