Books about Hubei's history, culture, customs and scenic spots

Hubei's local culture is a combination of east, west, north and south, which inherits the context of Chu culture and has a long cultural history. It has created and developed a variety of artistic forms rich in Chu cultural traditions, which can be roughly divided into several categories, such as opera, rap, song and dance. There are 22 local operas in Hubei, including Han Opera, Southern Opera and Hubei Yuediao, all of which belong to the Pihuang system. East Road Ancient Painting Opera, Hubei Ancient Painting Opera, Xiangyang Ancient Painting Opera, Yuan 'an Ancient Painting Opera, Huangmei Tea Picking Opera, Liang Shantiao, Violin Opera, Wen Qu, and Qing Opera, Gao Tai Opera and Lantern Opera imported from other provinces, among which Han Opera, Chu Opera and Jingzhou Ancient Painting Opera have the greatest influence. If it is divided into major tourist areas, Enshi Autonomous Prefecture has Nanxi Opera, Lantern Opera, Tangxi Opera, Nuo Opera and Liu Zi Opera. Shiyan City has Huang Er and Yunyang Flower Drum Opera; Yichang City has Yuan 'an Flower Drum Opera; Xiantao City has Jingzhou Flower Drum Opera, Mianyang Shadow Play and Mianyang Fishing Drum; Huanggang City has East Road Ancient Painting Opera, Huangmei Opera and Wen Quxi; Huangshi city has Yangxin tea-picking drama; Xianning violin performance and so on. These local operas are rich in local flavor and easy to understand, and are deeply loved by Chinese and foreign guests. Edit this rap

Hubei rap art is very rich: Hubei storytelling is popular in most parts of the province; Hubei fishing drum originated in Biyang and is popular in Biyang (now Xiantao), Jingzhou, Xiaogan and Huanggang. Sanbang Drum originated in Tianmen and spread in cities and counties of Jianghan Plain, Mianyang Xiaoqu popular in Xiantao and Tianmen, Hantan Xiaoqu and Yunxian tune popular in Jingsha and Yichang, with strong local flavor, popular and vivid language, simple melody and strong artistic appeal. Edit this song and dance

Hubei song and dance are influential at home and abroad, including "Bell Dance" and "Nine Songs". Dish songs popular in cities and counties of Jianghan Plain; Grass, gongs and drums, trumpet wearing and so on, which are popular in the mountainous areas of southwest and northwest Hubei. Wuhan Qintai Concert is a grand gathering of elegant music and pop music, which shows the national characteristics of Chu style and Han soul. Along with Shanghai Spring, Yangcheng Flower Festival and Harbin Summer, it is known as the four major music festivals in China. In addition, Hubei acrobatic art has always enjoyed a high reputation at home and abroad. Wuhan Acrobatic Troupe has visited more than 60 countries and regions in Asia, Africa and Latin America for more than 50 times. Hubei cultural and entertainment venues are mainly concentrated in Wuhan, Yichang, Shiyan, Xiangfan, Jingzhou and other large and medium-sized cities. In recent years, newly-built resorts and scenic spots have all kinds of entertainment facilities, which can fully meet the entertainment requirements of Chinese and foreign tourists. Edit this China play.

Han Opera, formerly known as "Chu Tune", is also called Chu Qu, Chu Tune, Han Tune, Han and Huang Tiao. Popular in Hubei, Henan, Shaanxi, Hunan, Guangdong, Fujian and other places, it has formed four schools: Xianghe, Fuhe, Jinghe and Hanhe, and Hanhe School has become the mainstream of Han opera. Han Opera has a history of more than 300 years, and it was renamed as "Han Opera" around the Revolution of 1911. The main vocal cavity is Xipi and Huanger. After the creation and innovation of two generations of famous artists, the performing arts of Han opera are in full swing and colorful. Its function is divided into ten major industries: first and last, second clean, third life, fourth Dan, fifth ugly, sixth foreign, seventh small, eighth queen, ninth unfinished and tenth miscellaneous. Each line is divided into several factions, and each faction is divided into different categories, totaling several hundred. The complex role system makes the world's dignitaries, plowmen and pawns vivid and fascinating on a small stage. There are many traditional dramas of Han Opera, including historical stories, case-solving dramas, fairy tales, love dramas and folk life dramas. At present, the traditional plays that have been sorted out have great influence, such as Cosmic Front, Two Plums, Dou E's Grievance, Playing Flower Drum, Transplanting Drama, Edge of Cabinet, Qu Yuan, Modern Drama, Borrowing Cowgirl to Play Guitar and so on. Edit this Chu drama

Chu Opera, formerly known as "Huangxiao Flower Drum" and "West Road Flower Road", was renamed "Chu Opera" on 1926. Popular in Hubei, it has a history of more than one hundred years. The early Chu Opera was popular in rural areas and was called Caotai Opera. Because it didn't understand the script, didn't choose actors, and only knew how to please and flatter, it was severely banned. From 65438 to 0926, Li Zhilong presided over the Hankou Bloodshed World and absorbed the performances of Chu Opera, which gradually gained legal status. In performing arts, Chu Opera has absorbed many artistic elements from Beijing Opera and Han Opera, but it is not bound by them. Dandan's performance is simple and delicate, and his singing is kind and touching. He pays attention to life and the use of traditional performances. Clowns are good at portraying different images and satirizing ugly things with humorous chanting and realistic performances. Chu Opera requires actors to be familiar with local dialects, slang, customs and ways of the world, so as to maintain strong local characteristics and life interest. Traditional dramas that have been sorted out include Ge Ma, Hundred Days of Fate, Spilled Porridge, Injustice of the Warden, and modern dramas with great influence, Shuangjiaozi and Zhuibao. Edit this Hubei Flower Drum Opera

Jingzhou Ancient Painting Opera, formerly known as "Huaguzi", was once called Mianyang Ancient Painting Opera and Tian Yan Ancient Painting Opera, also known as "Zhonglu Ancient Painting". It was formed during the Jiaqing period of the Qing Dynasty, with a history of 100 years. It originated from Tongshun River and Xianghe River in Mianyang, and was formed in Mianyang and Tianmen. Mianyang and Tianmen are located in the hinterland of Jianghan Plain in central Hubei, belonging to Hanshui River system and Hetian Yan language family. In 2005, it was renamed "Hubei Flower Drum Opera" by Hubei Provincial Department of Culture. Popular in Mianyang (now Xiantao), Tianmen, Qianjiang, Jianli, Honghu, Jingshan, Zhongxiang, Jingmen, Jiangling and other counties, as well as Xiaogan, Xiangbei and southern Hubei. In the early years, folk artists initiated and set up a class club, which gradually became semi-professional and professional from the "Dihuang Drum" in the past year. There are four main vocal cavities in Jingzhou ancient painting drama, namely, Gao cavity, Qishui cavity, Gong cavity, Siping cavity and Fu cavity. Modern sketches such as Borrowing Cattle, Mulan Sedan, Spring Valley Picking Axes, etc. were once a sensation, and Flower Wall Club was put on the screen. Dozens of plays, such as Family Case-solving, Nostalgia for Water, Little Resolute, newly-edited historical drama Love in the Straits, costume drama Notes on Gifts, Thirteen Paragraphs, and the traditional little drama king's Demolition of Stores, all won prizes in the province. Family Case-solving was transplanted by more than 200 troupes outside the province, and Mianyang, Qianjiang, Jianli and Tianmen ancient painting troupes were invited to perform in Beijing many times. Edit this Hubei fishing drum

Mianyang fishing drum is a kind of folk art, also known as Daoqing, Daoqing fishing drum, barrel cavity and southern microphone. With its strong local flavor and rough and high-pitched singing, it has left a deep impression on the audience and is quite famous in the history of folk art in China. After 1952, Mianyang Fishing Drum sang all over Hubei, and 1958 was named Hubei Fishing Drum. According to the China Music Dictionary, it is said that it evolved after it was introduced into Mianyang during the Qianlong period of the Qing Dynasty (A.D. 1736- 1795). During the Jiaqing period of the Qing Dynasty (A.D. 1796- 1820), there were four famous fishermen's drum artists, namely Pi, Pi and Liu Bao, who were called "three drums and a half" in Mianyang Fishing Drum. Then there is the "Mianyang Yugu Guild Hall". 19 1 1 years ago, the fishing drum merged with the shadow play, and it was often used as a backup singer of the shadow play. 193 1 year later, Mianyang fishing drum spread to Wuhan, Yichang, Shashi, Huangshi, Sun Yicheng and other places, and its influence gradually expanded. 1940 or so, prevailing in Jianghan plain in central Hubei. 1952. In addition to continuing to sing for shadow play, he also resumed the form of independent rap. From 65438 to 0958, Mianyang Yugu participated in the National Quyi Concert, and the shadow puppeteers Gong Benhuai and Hu sang "Choosing a Car", which was recorded by china national radio and broadcast to the whole country. Mianyang fishing drum is very popular with the masses because of its good singing. /kloc-0 was officially renamed Hubei Yugu by Hubei Music Association at the end of September, 1958, and it was widely sung all over the province. Mianyang Yugu artists Zhou Zhongquan, Huang Yutang, Li Hailin, Li Fulin and Rong Tingqing took root in Wuhan and became folk artists of Mianyang Yugu (post-Hubei Daoqing). Fishing drums in Jingchu areas of Jianghan Plain have also been well developed, such as "Tianmen Fishing Drum". Therefore, the artists of "Hubei Daoqing" and "Hubei Fishing Drum" are relatively large, and their strength is still relatively strong. Become an independent and distinctive drama, welcomed and sung by the people of the whole province. It is worthy of being one of the four major operas in the province. Later, in the practice of artists singing, different schools such as Mianyang School, Pingjiang School and Qianjiang School were formed, which were stable and simple. Or provocative and funny; Still fluent and euphemistic. Traditional dramas are quite rich, which reflect the most unjust cases, and are called unjust case dramas, among which Mou Kao Case and Thirteen Sections have great influence. Newly edited modern songs include Lost Story and Sword Storm. Edit this Mianyang shadow play

Mianyang shadow play, commonly known as "shadow play", is named after Mianyang fishing drum (the front of Hubei fishing drum) and Mianyang dialect. It has a history of more than 300 years. It refers to the shadow play with the same artistic characteristics that spread in Mianyang (now Xiantao City), Tianmen, Qianjiang, Jianli and Honghu. Shadow play is Jianghan people's own "local film", which is deeply loved by people. Although its origin can't be verified, as early as the late Ming and early Qing dynasties, there was a habit of singing shadow play on holidays, which formed a unique style and carving characteristics over time. Singing is mainly based on singing and fishing drums. The "chicken singing" in vocal shadow play originated from the "besieged on all sides" of Chu State in the Eastern Zhou Dynasty, and it is a living "fossil" in China traditional music. Fishing drum cavity comes from the begging songs of old artists, with diverse modes and strong local flavor. On May 20th, 2006, it was named after the shadow play in Jianghan Plain, and was listed in the first batch of national intangible cultural heritage with the approval of the State Council. Before liberation, shadow play was the main entertainment for people to celebrate the New Year, celebrate the harvest, thank the gods and worship temples. On the fifteenth day of the first month, the Lantern Festival performed "Return to Kiln Ceremony"; February 2 is the birthday of the Land Bodhisattva, performing Land Society; March 3 is the Cold Food Festival, and "Burning Mianshan" is broadcast; four

Mianyang shadow play

On the eighth day of the month, the gods performed "hoop array"; May Dragon Boat Festival performance "Tears of Luojiang"; On June 6th, yangsi will conduct a military exercise "Where is the Sea" and perform "Queqiaodu" on July 7th. August 15, "Tang You Yue Gong" performance. It not only entertains god but also people, and shadow play adds a festive atmosphere. With the progress of science and technology, shadow play is constantly innovating in stage art, lighting, special effects, vocal music and shadow play operation. There are more than 60 shadow play teams in Biyang County. They keep digging, sorting out and innovating, and have arranged a shadow play that Jianghan people love. Now, the shadow play team in Xiantao has grown to more than 40, with more than 250 artists, creating a rural cultural landscape of "shadow play in every village". Edit this Tujia hand dance

Hand-waving dance is the most influential large-scale dance of Tujia nationality, which has a strong sacrificial color. Song and dance live together, and dance and the title of the song exist together. According to legend, the waving dance originated from the ancient Bayu dance, which is an ancient war dance. "Every year from the third day to the seventeenth day of the first month, men and women get together, beating gongs and drums, singing and dancing, and shaking hands." The main content of waving dance is about the origin of human beings, national migration and heroic deeds. In the sacrificial ceremony, the horse body or the host of the altar leads the masses into the wave hall or wave flat, dancing and singing wave songs. There are several kinds of shaking hands, such as single pendulum, double pendulum, big pendulum and small pendulum. The small pendulum is also called "city handle". No matter how many people dance, there are tens of thousands, and hundreds of them are small. When waving, you can play gongs and drums to echo the rhythm, which is magnificent and touching. The main feature is that the hands and feet move on the same side, back and forth, in pairs, and the rhythm is vivid and vivid. Wave songs are tens of thousands of lines long and can be called Tujia epic. Edit this chime music and dance

There are 10 large-scale musical dramas compiled and performed by Hubei Song and Dance Troupe. By Zhong Pangu music (the glory of Jingchu), sacrificial music and dance (to meet the gods), music songs (to praise oranges), martial dance (to go through the customs), sacrificial song (to mourn the country), Ba people dance (to hunt mountains), eight-tone chorus (to sing tigers, flute, cymbals, arranger, ancient music ensemble), agricultural group dance (. With the history and culture of Chu as the background, the patriotism of the great poet Qu Yuan as the core, the bells chimed by Zeng Houyi as the main body, and the art form of combining song, music and dance, the whole drama shows the culture and art, folk customs, sacrifices, farming, fighting and court banquets of ancient Chu. It not only maintains the scenery of ancient coarse ore, but also has romantic artistic characteristics. The play was a great success after its public performance and was highly praised by Chinese and foreign people. Through overseas performances, it has contributed to the friendship and cultural and artistic exchanges between China and other countries. Now you can see the performance of "chime music and dance" in all key tourist areas in Hubei.