Several principles that children's Chinese studies education must follow.

From easy to difficult, step by step, this is the basic general rule of all teaching activities, especially children. Children have strong curiosity and excellent memory, but their understanding ability is limited and their acceptance ability is poor. Therefore, the textbooks of Chinese studies we choose must be the easiest to learn and remember, and the teaching methods we use must be the simplest and easiest. Only in this way can the education of Chinese studies be accepted by children, and the classics of Chinese studies can penetrate into children's brains bit by bit, which will exert a subtle influence.

Sinology generally refers to China's traditional culture and scholarship with Confucianism as the main body, mainly referring to pre-Qin philosophers and Confucianism, Buddhism and Taoism. Children's books are the introductory knowledge of children's Chinese studies education, and the common contents include Disciples' Rules, Three-Character Classics, Thousand-Character Works, Zhu Zi's Family Instructions, Advice, Enlightenment Prose, Enlightenment Melody and Children's Qionglin. The content and text of these children's books are very simple, and it is easy for children to remember and understand after reading them.

For small-class children around the age of three, they mainly read Disciple's Rules, Saint Amethyst and Qian Wen Zi (including Xin Qian Wen Zi). These children's books are neat and short, with only three or four words in each sentence. They are catchy and easy to read and recite.

For middle school children around the age of four, we can mainly look at Zhu Xi's "Family Management Motto", "Ten Commandments" and "Enlightenment of Temperament". This kind of children's books are mostly short sentences, with few compound sentence and poor phonology, which is a bit awkward. They need to be read repeatedly to be fluent. Because the children in the middle class already have a certain language foundation, the teacher only needs to guide them to read slowly and accurately.

For the big class children around the age of five, we can mainly watch Augmented Scholar and Study in Qionglin. "Zengguang Xianwen" is a good teaching material for training couplets because of its many antitheses, easy reading and easy memorization (but the philosophical content in the text is not easy for children to understand and should not be discussed in depth); Learning Qionglin in Kindergarten is a little history book. Teachers can tell children stories first, let them read stories and learn some historical knowledge simply, so as to achieve the teaching purpose.

It should be noted that the primary school of preschool education is a common problem at present. It satisfies teachers' sense of teaching achievement and parents' desire to grow up as soon as possible, but in fact, it encourages them to pull out seedlings and encourage others, which completely violates the law of education. In order to prevent this phenomenon, preschool teachers should follow the principle of simplicity and relaxation, adopt reading-oriented teaching methods, and guide children to slowly contact and feel the essence of China traditional culture, and never use the thinking of "speaking deeply and thoroughly" to guide children's Chinese studies education.

Reading-oriented teaching method means "don't understand, just read" for young children. As long as children read repeatedly, read fluently and even recite, the teaching goal will be completed. Reading should be only a little more difficult than singing. We must believe that children will always have some knowledge stored in their memory during the process of repeated reading. When they grow up, these memories will ferment, and the essence of China's traditional culture will affect their world outlook and outlook on life. Only in this way can we achieve the goal of children's Chinese studies education.

Second, the principle of vivid image

Children's thinking is characterized by strong thinking in images and full of interest in bright colors, wonderful vocal music, strange objects and wonderful games. Therefore, to carry out Chinese studies education in kindergartens, we should fully take care of children's age characteristics and follow the principle of vivid images so that children can learn knowledge in a lively atmosphere. Kindergarten teachers should use colorful patterns, vivid teaching AIDS, pleasant vocal music and lively and interesting activities to stimulate children's interest and enthusiasm in learning.

The classic education of Chinese studies seems to be far away from "vivid image" and close to "serious and inflexible", but after careful research and repeated practice by educators, children's favorite teaching methods such as game teaching method, nursery rhyme teaching method and performance teaching method have been created to carry out Chinese studies education, and the effect is very good. For example, a kindergarten teacher designed a "good habit, I am the master" Chinese education game: divide the whole class into two groups and let the two groups of children stand at the starting line. After the teacher announced the start of the game, the first child in each group ran to the box to pick out the habits he thought were the best, and then ran across the street and stuck them on the blackboard to fix them. Finally, he ran back to the starting line and gave his second child a high five. The second child repeats the behavior of the previous child. So the game didn't end until the last child ran back to the starting line. Then, let the children compare whose habits are the best. The good habits found by children include thinking hard, loving learning, washing hands frequently, not spitting, being polite, not cutting in line, stopping at the red light and green light, giving seats to the elderly, helping parents with housework and so on. The teacher then guides the children to say the significance of developing these good habits, and gives appropriate instructions to those who don't say enough, so that the children can understand the importance of cultivating good habits. They know that many of them are in ancient books. It is beneficial to read more ancient classics.

Melody music can bring beautiful enjoyment and emotional edification to children. You can also integrate music education with Chinese studies education, and change the lyrics of classic children's songs into famous Chinese studies sentences, so that children can naturally and happily sing Chinese studies accompanied by wonderful music.

In addition, many contents of Chinese studies can be presented in the form of performances. Teachers can choose classic content, let children perform in the form of short sitcoms, and guide children to deepen their understanding of Chinese studies in the process of imitating performances. For example, when performing "Parents should call, don't slow down" in Disciple Rules, the teacher plays the names of parents calling their children, and the children accurately understand the meaning of "Don't slow down" and then perform a quick-response action modality; In the section "Parents are sick, medicine should be tasted first", the teacher plays the sick parents, and the children try hot and cold actions before handing a bowl of medicine to their parents. This kind of performance is successful as long as the child's posture is natural and beautiful, the action expression is consistent with the content, and the personality can be expressed. As long as the performance is in place, it means that the child has accurately understood the content of Chinese studies and the teacher's teaching task has been completed.

It is also in line with the principle of vivid image to realize the teaching goal of children's Chinese studies education by cleverly setting up the environment. Every corner of the kindergarten can subtly infiltrate the classic contents of studying abroad, such as "Don't be picky about food and drink" in the "baby dining room", "Wash in the morning, rinse your mouth, urinate and wash your hands" in the "baby shoes and hats cabinet" in front of the mirror, "Wear a crown suit, have a place, and don't get messy and dirty". Doing so can not only help children remember the classics of Chinese studies, but also cultivate their good behavior habits.

Third, the principle of unity of knowing and doing.

The sages often say "learn from time to time" and tell us that the most important thing in learning is to apply what we have learned. Chinese studies education should emphasize the unity of knowledge and action, otherwise Chinese studies will only encourage children's vanity. As the saying goes, "it is useless to be arrogant and knowledgeable; It's useless to study if you don't behave properly. Teachers can only guide children to combine learning with doing (if necessary, they can form a joint force with their families), so that children can have good behavior and then develop behavioral habits.

Good habits include politeness, respect for others, courtesy, honesty and trustworthiness, diligent study, gratitude and kindness, thrift, punctuality and so on, which can be found in the classics of Chinese studies. When children don't know how to be modest, it is a good time for teachers to tell their children the story of "Kong Rong let pears"; When children dawdle, it is parents who are teaching "parents don't slow down;" Parents, don't be lazy; Parents teach, you must listen; Parents have a sense of responsibility and have to obey; When parents are busy doing things and are interrupted by their children, teach their children to read "People are not idle, don't make trouble; "People are uneasy and don't talk"; After learning the filial piety in the classics of Chinese studies, we should immediately educate our children to beat their backs and carry water for their elders after returning home, fold quilts, eat and wash dishes, dress and wear hats, and clean the room ... Only in this way can we achieve the teaching effect of integrating knowledge with practice.