Wenxi county detailed data collection

Wenxi county was called Tongxiang in ancient times, but it was renamed Zuo Yi County in Qin Dynasty. Liu Che, the Emperor Gaozu of Han Dynasty, was named Wenxi because he was happy with the victory of Pingnan Yue, and belonged to Yuncheng City, Shanxi Province. Wenxi is located in the southwest of Shanxi Province, at the junction of Yuncheng Basin and Linfen Basin, bordering Jiangxian and Yuanqu in the east, Houma and Xinjiang in the north, Jishan, Wanrong and Salt Lake in the west and Xiaxian in the south.

Wenxi county has a long history. Since Tongxiang, Zuo Yi was changed to Wenxi, it has a history of more than 265,438+000 years, with many celebrities and historic sites. Pei Xiu, the father of maps in Wei and Jin Dynasties, Pei Du, a sage of Zhongxing in Tang Dynasty, Zhao Ding, a famous anti-gold figure in Song Dynasty, and Yang Shenxiu, one of the "Six Gentlemen of the 1898 Movement" in Qing Dynasty; There are Imperial Monuments written by Emperor Xuanzong of Tang Dynasty and Han Yu, and Pinghuai West Monument written by Qi Juanzao.

By 20 14, the total land area of the area under its jurisdiction will be 1 167. 1 square kilometer, with 342 villages in 7 towns and 6 townships under its jurisdiction, with a registered population of 420,000, and the county seat is located in Tongcheng town.

On September 7th, 20 18, Shanxi Province officially approved wenxi county's withdrawal from "poverty-stricken counties designated by the province" and announced it to the public.

2065438+March 2009, it was included in the first batch of revolutionary cultural relics protection and utilization counties.

Basic introduction Chinese name: wenxi county wén xǐ xiàn mbth: wenxi county alias: Tongxiang, Zuoyi administrative district category: county jurisdiction: North China, China, Shanxi Province, Jinnan jurisdiction: 7 towns and 6 townships * * * Resident: Tongcheng town telephone area code: 0359 postal area code: 043800 Geographical location: the border area between Yuncheng Basin and Linfen Basin in the southwest of Shanxi Province:/kloc. 64 square kilometers population: 420, also known as Jinnan dialect climate conditions: warm temperate semi-humid continental monsoon climate Famous scenic spots: China Prime Minister Village and other airports: Yuncheng Guangong Airport Railway Station: Wenxi Station, Wenxi West Station license plate code: Jin M Administration Bureau. Organizational evolution, name origin, historical evolution, administrative division, geographical environment, location and boundary, topography, hydrology, climate, natural resources, population, economy, transportation, society, infrastructure, social security, tourism, famous specialties, local customs, famous figures, Guo Pu and Pei Du, the name of organizational evolution comes from the fact that Emperor Wu of the Han Dynasty visited Tongxiang, Zuo Yi, Wenping South Vietnam won, because of wenxi county. " )。 Historical Evolution It is said that the Spring and Autumn Period was the land of Jin and the Warring States Period belonged to Wei. Wenxi county Qin Zuocheng belongs to Hedong County. In the sixth year of Emperor Ding Yuan of the Han Dynasty, he marched to the Xiongnu in the north and changed the county name to Wenxi. Northern Wei Dynasty belongs to Zhengping County. Zhengping County in the Northern Zhou Dynasty moved to Longtoubao, 20 kilometers north of Chengguan, and moved eastward to Yongzhou. In the second year of Ming Di in the Northern Zhou Dynasty (558), Dongyong Prefecture was changed to Jiangzhou, which governed Zhengping County. During the Northern Zhou Dynasty, Zhengping County and wenxi county moved to Xinjiang County. In the 10th year of Emperor Kai of Sui Dynasty (590), wenxi county moved to Dongzhen, which is located in the northeast of Chengguan 14km, and belongs to General County. Tongxiang county was changed at the end of the great cause. In the first year of Tang Wude (6 18), it was renamed Wenxi and belonged to Jiangzhou. In the tenth year of Yuanhe (8 15), the county moved to the southwest of Chengguan, 4 kilometers away, belonging to a house in the river. Five generations of re-immigrants ruled today's cities; The first year of the Five Dynasties and the Han Dynasty (948) belonged to Xiezhou. Song belongs to Jiezhou. The Qing Dynasty belonged to Pingyang Prefecture; Yongzheng seven years (1729) belonged to Jiangzhou. The names of counties in past dynasties have not changed. In the first year of the Republic of China (19 12), it belonged to Shanxi Province * * *, in the third year of the Republic of China, it belonged to Hedong Road, and in the sixth year of the Republic of China, it came under the jurisdiction of the province. 1943, luji county was established at the junction with xiaxian county, which was under the jurisdiction of Berlin village at the foot of wangji mountain, and was subordinate to the three special agencies of taiyue district. 1946 was revoked. 1947 Wenxi was liberated throughout the country and returned to the eleventh institution in the Shansi-Suiyuan border region. 1949 belongs to Yuncheng District, Jinnan District, and transferred to Shaanxi-Gansu-Ningxia Border Region. After returning to Shanxi Province, it belongs to Yuncheng area. 1954 belongs to Jinnan area. 1967 belongs to Jinnan area. 1970 belongs to Yuncheng area. Yuncheng was a prefecture-level city in 2000. The administrative division is up to 20 14, and wenxi county has jurisdiction over 7 towns and 6 townships: Tongcheng, Guojiazhuang, Dior, Xue Dian, Dongzhen, Liyuan, Hedi, Shenbai, Yangyu, Houcun, Peishe, Hougong and Shimen, with Tongcheng as the county. Geographical environment wenxi county is located in the southwest of Shanxi Province, at the northern end of Yuncheng City, at the junction of Yuncheng Basin and Linfen Basin. Geographical coordinates are11059' 33 "east ~1137' 29" ~ 3534'11north. East is connected with Jiangxian County and Yuanqu; The north is connected with Houma and Xinjiang; West is bordered by Jishan, Wanrong and Salt Lake District; It is adjacent to Xiaxian County in the south. It is 57.55km long from east to west and 45.3km wide from north to south, with a total land area of1167.1/km2. It is 369 kilometers away from Taiyuan, the provincial capital, and 848 kilometers away from Beijing. Wenxi landform Wenxi is located in the Loess Plateau, with diverse topography, and valleys, terraces, hills and mountains coexist. Among them, the valley basin is 358,300 mu, accounting for 20.47% of the total area; The area of hills, platforms and mountains is1392,300 mu, accounting for 79.53% of the total area. Wenxi county is surrounded by mountains on three sides. The terrain is high in the northwest, high in the southeast, low in the middle, and there is a protruding bar in the middle. The basin is between two ditches, and the hills are all over the county. Sushui River Valley Basin is 450-500m above sea level; Zhongtiao Mountain is 550-800 meters above sea level; Zhongtiaoshan elevation 1500m, relative height1000m; Meiliangchuan is 510 ~ 550m above sea level, and Beiyuan is 690 ~ 750m above sea level, with a relative height of 250m. The central Mingtiaogang is 500 ~ 600 meters above sea level, with a relative height of 150 meters. There are two main rivers in hydrology: Sushui River and Sand Canal. Sushui River originates from Chencunyu, Jiangxian County, flows through Wenxi, Xiaxian, Yuncheng, Linyi and Yongji Wuxing Lake to the west and joins the Yellow River in Yuan Hongdao, with a total length of195km and a length of 32.5km in wenxi county. It is an intermittent river in the north with an average annual inflow of 43.7 million cubic meters. The inflow is concentrated in the flood season and dried up in the dry season. The Sand Canal originates from the northern foot of Tangwang Mountain and flows into Lvzhuang Reservoir from east to west in northern wenxi county. The climate is warm temperate continental monsoon climate, with large temperature difference between day and night and distinct seasons. It is dry and windy in spring, hot in summer, rainy in autumn and cold and snowy in winter. Ten years and nine droughts, spring drought and autumn waterlogging; The annual average sunshine hours are 246 1 hour; The annual average evaporation is1838.9mm; The average annual precipitation is 439.8 mm; The annual average temperature is 8 ~ 14℃, 1 month is the coldest, with an average temperature of -3.2℃, and July is the hottest, with an average temperature of 26.5℃. Annual average wind speed 1.9 m/s Natural resources There are many kinds of mineral resources in wenxi county, with large reserves and wide distribution. By 20 14, there have been 16 kinds of proven mineral deposits, including 8 kinds of metal minerals such as copper, molybdenum, cobalt, gold, iron, niobium, tantalum and uranium. Non-metallic minerals include feldspar, quartzite, limestone, vermiculite, garnet, marble and molding sand. There are 792,000 mu of cultivated land in the area, mainly planting wheat, cotton, corn, sorghum, millet, beans and oil crops. Population: 20 12 sampling survey shows that there are 128572 households in the jurisdiction, with a total registered population of 408950, including urban population 17462 1 and rural population of 234329. Among the registered population, the number of males is 20865 1 and the number of females is 200299. Employee 17606, employee 165 18. Economic overview: in 20 13 years, wenxi county achieved a GDP of 1069 billion yuan, an increase of10.5%; The added value of industrial enterprises above designated size was 510.50 billion yuan, an increase of13.5%; The total fiscal revenue was 596 million yuan, up by15.9%; Investment in fixed assets reached 9 billion yuan, an increase of 23%; The total retail sales of social consumer goods was 326,543.8 billion yuan, an increase of14%; The per capita disposable income of urban residents was 20,873 yuan, an increase of13.5%; The per capita net income of farmers was 6794.5 yuan, an increase of 14.5%. Agriculture: Wenxi is a traditional agricultural county with the largest wheat planting area in Shanxi Province. The planting industry is dominated by food crops, including wheat, corn, sorghum, millet, rice, buckwheat, beans and potatoes. Cash crops mainly include cotton, oilseeds, medicinal materials and peanuts. By 20 12, the vegetable planting area will be1360,000 mu, the economic forest area will be 100 mu, and the medicinal materials planting area will be 38,000 mu. The area of returning farmland will be1336,000 mu, and the natural forest vegetation will be restored to 67,000 mu. Industry: The main industries in wenxi county are ceramics, glass, hardware, tools, pistons, towels, sugar aldehydes, fertilizers, cement and other industries. In 20 10, the total output value of industrial enterprises above designated size in wenxi county reached 654.38+074 billion yuan, the sales revenue reached 654.38+076 billion yuan, and the industrial added value reached 4.2 billion yuan. By 20 12, the output of magnesium metal in wenxi county will reach 120,000 tons, forming eight pillar industries such as steel, magnesium metal, glassware, ceramics, mechanical processing, chemical industry, building materials and green food. There are 50 enterprises above designated size with more than 40,000 employees, and the contribution rate of industrial economy to finance is over 90%. Wenxi county has convenient transportation, the South Tongpu Railway runs through the north and south of wenxi county, and the Liyuan-Gudui branch railway is a special line leading to Zhongtiaoshan mining area; Taiyuan-Maojindu, Jiaozuo-Houma trunk highway, Universiade Expressway, Universiade Secondary Highway and Taifeng Road pass through the territory, and Wen Yuan, Tongshi and other secondary highways are all connected. In addition, there are feeder roads leading from wenxi county to Yongji and a number of simple roads leading to communes and teams in the county. Wenxi county social infrastructure in 20 12 years, wenxi county has invested more than 400 million yuan to complete the subgrade construction of Chengnan Street, the east overpass project connecting Wen Yuan Road and Dayun Road, and the widening and reconstruction projects such as People's Square, West Lake Park, People's Auditorium, Taifeng Road, Xinkai Road and Chengxi Street. The first ring road network of county traffic has been formed, and the urban area has been expanded to 12.5 square kilometers. In terms of highway construction, the road network engineering transformation was completed 1.050 km, the oil road was added by 35.5 km, and the cement road was added 1.000 km. In terms of electric power construction, rural power grid construction and transformation, 3 new 35KV substations were built, 5 were expanded and transformed, and low-voltage lines 1 134.43km were newly built and transformed, covering 96% of the village households. By 20 13, the education infrastructure in wenxi county has been significantly improved, and the teaching building of Wenxi No.2 Middle School and Chengxi Electronic Computer School has been completed and put into use. A new art museum; Achieve the goal of telephone coverage to every village; The number of cable TV households exceeded 3 1 1,000, and 220 villages were connected to the Internet. Key projects such as West Lake Park, Dayun Road county section widening and reconstruction, Chengdong Street, Taifeng Road and Xinkai Road reconstruction were completed; Complete the renovation of dangerous buildings in 58 primary schools nationwide and complete the use of vocational education centers; 25 rural drinking water projects were completed, and the drinking water problem of 6,543,800+3,000 people in 34 natural villages was solved. By 20 13 years of social security, the per capita net income of farmers in wenxi county will increase by 4.7% annually, and the per capita disposable income of urban residents will increase by11%annually; The development of endowment insurance, unemployment insurance and medical insurance for urban workers has accelerated, and eligible urban residents and poor agricultural households have been included in the minimum living guarantee; The unemployment rate should be controlled within 4.5‰. Tourism Chinese Prime Minister Village: The birthplace of the Pei family, located in Peibai Village, wenxi county, with Tongpu Railway, Expressway and Taifeng Secondary Highway passing through the village in the south, is located in the center of "Genzu Culture" and "Civilization Tracing Tour" in Shanxi. The Pei family has been waiting for a crown. There are more than 600 official biographies, and there are no fewer than 1000 famous ones. There is a saying that "there is no second Pei in the world" and "Pei's family is the first Pei Bai in the world". Pei originated in Shang and Zhou Dynasties, rose in Han, Wei, Jin, Southern and Northern Dynasties, flourished in Sui and Tang Dynasties, and declined in Song, Jin, Yuan, Ming and Qing Dynasties, which lasted for more than 3,000 years. Tangwangshan, Prime Minister Village of China: Shimen Township at the foot of Zhongtiao Mountain, with an altitude of1.752m, was called Tiao Mountain and Jingshan Mountain in ancient times. At the end of summer, people fled to Tang Cheng, and Tang Cheng set up a camp on this mountain. After seven years of rest and training, in BC 17 1 1 year, they sent troops to conquer the emperor and destroy the Xia Jian merchants, thus establishing the first slave country in China history. Future generations commemorate the monarch of that year. Tangwangshan is the birthplace of Shang Tang culture and Jin Putan culture. It is a provincial natural forest protection zone with many cultural relics and historic sites. Tangwang Temple, located in the main peak, was built in Shang and Zhou Dynasties, and was rebuilt and expanded in the Tang, Ming and Qing Dynasties. Temple buildings are all built with fine stones, which are simple, strong and unique. Despite thousands of years of wind and rain in Cang Sang, it still stands on the cliff. King Tang is famous for his unique cultural relics in Shang Tang. Wenxi Confucian Temple in Wangshan, Tang Dynasty: Also known as Gong Xue and Xuansheng Temple, it is a temple dedicated to Confucius, a great educator in the Spring and Autumn Period, located in the northeast corner of Wenxi County. Song Xianping was rebuilt in four years, and Yuan Dade collapsed in seven years due to the earthquake. Ming Hongzhi was rebuilt in four years, covering an area of 38 mu, and it is the largest Confucian temple in Shanxi Province. The building faces south, and the central axis from south to north is Dachengmen, Chi Pan, Jimen and Dachengdian in turn. On the right is the missionary and teaching den. There is an oolong screen before Dacheng, and there is an inkstone behind the screen. Dacheng Hall is five rooms wide and three rooms deep. Arch five steps, glass rests on the top of the mountain. There are more than 40 inscriptions on Confucius in Ming Dynasty and in Song, Yuan, Ming and Qing Dynasties in the temple, all of which are well preserved. Wenxi Confucian Temple is a provincial cultural relics protection unit. Dong Ze Lake in Wenxi Confucian Temple: Dragon's hometown is Dong Ze Lake in wenxi county, where Zuo Zhuan recorded Dong Fu's devotion to dragons in the 29th year of Zhao Gong. Dong Ze Lake is an ecological scenic spot with dragon culture as its theme and integrating nature, history and humanities. Dong Ze Lake is rich in lotus, white as jade, porous and fine slag, crisp and sweet. In summer and autumn, willows line the banks of Baishui Beach, and ten miles of Pinghu Lake is fragrant. Dong Ze Lake is integrated with lotus fragrance, attracting many tourists with its magical legend and unique landscape. Dong Ze Lake wenxi county specialties include "Wenxi boiled cake", white lotus root, persimmon, polygala tenuifolia, white catalpa, Beiyuan steamed bread, Beiyuan apple and so on. Persimmon in Beiyuan is as fleshy as jujube, and its juice is sweet. Beiyuan steamed bread, fine workmanship, color like snow; Scallion cake, with exquisite ingredients, crisp and delicious, is known as one of the three famous foods in Shanxi; Dongze white lotus is crisp, fine and porous. So there is a proverb in Jinnan, which is used to imply that the person you like is smart. Jade mouth purple garlic, good quality, big head, strong and spicy taste; Saussurea involucrata has thin stems, fat leaves and rich nutrition; Jiao Shan mineral water is famous for its high content of trace elements and good taste. Wenxi sesame seed cake: It has the reputation of "the king of cakes" in Shanxi. Cooking cakes became famous in the late Ming Dynasty. During the 300 years from Jiaqing period of Qing Dynasty to War of Resistance against Japanese Aggression, it was not only popular in mainland cities such as Tianjin, Beijing, Xi and Taiyuan, but also famous in Shanghai, Guangzhou and Hainan. In the novel The Lonely, Mr. Lu Xun said, "I took two packs of boiled cakes produced by Wenxi to meet my friends", which shows that Wenxi boiled cakes are really famous. The folks in southern Shanxi call "frying" "cooking", and cooking cakes is actually a fried snack. Wenxi boiled cakes look like a full moon. Because the epidermis is covered with white sesame seeds, the appearance is white. If you break it in half, you can pull out a nest of 3-6 cm gold wires from your skin. When eaten in the mouth, the crisp sand is soft, not sticky, sweet but not greasy. After eating, it has the aftertaste of pine and cypress. Wenxi Cooking Crochet: It was developed in 1970' s. After careful design and ever-changing stitches and methods, it is woven into various patterns with many varieties, new patterns, beautiful shapes, strong practicality and appreciation, and is deeply loved by ladies from all walks of life. In 2006, it participated in cultural fairs in five central provinces. Brocade sticker: a folk handicraft art, which is made of high-quality brocade cloth by collecting, cutting, stringing, flattening and folding according to the pattern. Its techniques are rigorous, unique, colorful and rich. The main works are opera facial makeup, Guan Gong's image, peacock camellia, rich flowers, golden rooster chrysanthemum, Dai Yu's funeral flowers and so on. Flower steamed buns: Wenxi is known as the "hometown of flower steamed buns". Every village has skilled craftsmen who make steamed buns. There is a local saying that "where there are buns, there are things." Wenxi steamed buns are not only edible, but also have strong ornamental value and various patterns. The assembled flower ink gives people an ethereal, mysterious and vivid feeling, and its colorful and harmonious decoration is deeply loved by the people. Wenxi huamo has more than 200 varieties in four series: flower cake, flower bun, mascot and vegetable top. "Flower steamed bun" takes round, peach-shaped and fish-shaped dough as the main body of flower steamed bun, and inserts the required flour flowers after coming out of the cage. Most mascots are animals. The production of Wenxi huamo goes through nine processes: coagulation, kneading, fermentation, kneading, steaming, coloring and flower arrangement. Wenxi huamo is widely used in festivals, weddings, birthdays, funerals, weddings, housewarming and many other folk activities. In June 65438+February 65438+August 2006, Wenxi Huamao was selected into the intangible cultural heritage list of Shanxi Province. Wenxihua Ink Embroidery: In Wenxi, people's daily necessities and clothes and hats are mostly decorated with embroidery, such as clothes, hats, shoes, insoles and quilts, pillows, wedding tents, table perimeters and chair cushions. , all have different embroidery patterns. Embroidery patterns are mainly popular, such as triumphant, magpie climbing plum, pine crane prolonging the year, two dragons playing pearls, phoenix peony and so on. Wenxi folk embroidery has a wide range of materials and vivid shapes, and uses a variety of techniques such as plain knitting, crochet, needle picking, needle drawing, looping, Panjin, brocade piling, flower tying, flower cutting and flower building. In the use of colors, strong contrasting colors, such as red, big green, big blue and big black, are used as the background color, and the embroidered patterns are elegant colors, which make embroidery in sharp contrast and seek color harmony in comparison. Wenxi embroidery is colorful, although few colors are used in embroidery. Engagement according to local conditions: no matter whether you are in free love or introduced by a matchmaker, you must get engaged. The auspicious day is chosen by the woman, and the engagement ceremony is held when the man thinks it is appropriate. The man asked people who know etiquette and deacons to carry a vegetable basket, put pork elbows, cakes, incense sticks and firecrackers, steamed stuffed buns with dragon and phoenix flowers, wedding clothes, cotton, some clothes and dowry in it, and went to the woman's house to pay homage to her ancestors. The elders and relatives of the woman give gifts to the new son-in-law, and then the relatives of the woman visit the man, and the elders and relatives of the man also give gifts. Wedding: The date of marriage is decided by the man, and the wedding will be held after the woman agrees. The afternoon before the wedding, the man asked someone to move the dowry to the woman's house. On the morning of the wedding, the groom had a haircut and offered sacrifices to his ancestors. After breakfast, go to the woman's house to say hello. When entering the woman's house, the new son-in-law first salutes the woman's ancestors, and then takes a break to worship. Tradition is to kowtow and then bow to the ancestors. The groom bowed to the bride and welcomed the couple to get up. The bride and groom paid tribute to their ancestors and set off. Wedding: When the wedding team returns to the man's house, the mother-in-law sets a jade lock or a gold necklace for the couple, and the groom arranges flowers on the bride's head. After worshipping the land god, enter the flower room for a wedding. Finally, the man entertained her relatives and friends with a sumptuous banquet. On the second day after marriage, the bride and groom go to their parents' house with gifts. The bride stays at her husband's house until the first day 10, and then 1 talent returns to her family. After 10 days, she bought some small gifts for her husband's relatives, and the whole wedding was over. Amoy daughter-in-law: also known as "teasing daughter-in-law" and "disturbing the bridal chamber", it is one of the traditional wedding procedures. The time is on the night of the wedding, and the form changes with the times. These programs have various forms and are generally about the sexual enlightenment of newly married couples. With the gradual popularization of free marriage, from the1990s, the noisy bridal chamber gradually became civilized, mostly festive. Wenxi county, famous people come forth in large numbers, including geographer Pei Xiu, writer Guo Pu, historian Pei Songzhi, jurist Pei Zheng, and Pei Du, one of the six gentlemen of the Hundred Days Movement. Among them, there are 59 people who have been prime ministers in the past dynasties, and more than 200 people have been generals, ministers and suggestions. Sima Guang, a famous figure in the Song Dynasty, once said, "Literature is the forest of literati". Guo Pu (276 ~ 324), born in Guo Pu and Guo Pu in the late Western Jin Dynasty, was a famous ancient exegetist and writer, and the originator of Kanyu. After the demise of the Western Jin Dynasty, he left his hometown and fled to the south of the Yangtze River. He first joined the army for Ewing, the satrap of Xuancheng, and then settled in Jiyang. Because the Southern Suburb Fu and Fu Jiang were praised by the Jin Emperor Si Marui, he was named Zuo Lang and later promoted to Shang Shulang. Guo Pu has written a lot in his life, and has annotated historical classics such as Shan Hai Jing, Mu Zhuan, Chu Ci, Water Mirror, Er Ya, Sanzang and Dialect with a total of100000 words. Guo Pu's poems are regarded as "the best in the Eastern Jin Dynasty". There are 22 poems handed down from ancient times, of which 14 poems about immortals are representative works. There is Guo Pu Bookstore in Tangwangshan, wenxi county today, which is said to be Guo Pu's reading room. Pei Du (765 ~ 839), a neutral figure, was a famous figure in the Tang Dynasty. In the seventh year of Yuanhe, he was trusted and reused by Tang Xianzong for his meritorious service in pacifying Weizhou, which joined the Tang Dynasty. In the 9th year of Tang Yuanhe (8 13), Wu Shaoyang died of illness in the west of Huai River, and his son Wu Yuanji went into mourning and transferred troops to rebel. In the 12th year of Yuanhe, Pei Du personally went to the front to bid. Before he left, he wrote: "If the thief dies, he will be in the air. If the thief exists, he will return to the DPRK for life." Xianzong shed tears for this. Pei Du sent Li Su to surprise Cai Zhou on a snowy night, captured Wu Yuanji alive, put down the rebellion, and ended the regime of Huaixi in 10. Pei Du lived in seclusion in Luoyang in his later years and often wrote poems with Bai Juyi and Liu Yuxi.