Zhang Yongzi Jing Yun Classical Chinese

1. Translation of Classical Chinese in Old Tang Dynasty Li Rizhi's Classical Chinese Translation: Li Rizhi, from Xingyang, Zhengzhou.

Take an examination of Jinshi. During the fiscal year, he was promoted to criminal officer many times.

At that time, the application of the law was harsh and impatient, but Li Ri's leniency and justice did not flood the unjust cases. Hu Yuanli, a Shao Qing, asked for the death penalty for a pardon, and had four disputes with Li Rizhi.

Hu Yuanli was furious and said, "As long as Hu Yuanli doesn't leave the criminal Cao, the criminal has no reason to live after all." (Li Rizhi) A: "As long as (I) Li Rizhi does not leave the criminal Cao, this prisoner has no law of execution."

Therefore, it is really reasonable for Li Rizhi to report these two complaints. In the early years of the Dragon, he served as the giver.

Li Rizhi is very filial to his mother. At that time, my mother was old and had been ill. Li Rizhi took a leave of absence for a few days to recuperate, but her hair at the sideburns turned white.

Soon he added the title of super doctor. His mother died and was unknown, and she was about to be buried. The official came with a notice. Li Log fainted on the road and woke up for a long time.

The people around me are sad and painful, and dare not look up. Inspector Wei Zhou and Sima Lu Qianjing heard about his filial piety, which made people ask him about his specific situation. Li Rizhi humbly refused to report it.

After the funeral, he was promoted to assistant minister of Huangmen many times. At that time, Princess Anle's Chiyuan House had just been built, and Tang Zhongzong went to play in person, and the officials who followed her prepared poems for a feast.

Only Li Rizhi has rules and regulations. In the last chapter, he said: "What I want is to think about the comfort of the residents for a while, and don't let people say that the builders are tired." Everyone who talks about it respects him very much.

In the first year of Jing Yun, he was appointed as the official of the Chinese Secretariat, and later he was transferred to an imperial envoy, presiding over political affairs as before. The following year, he was promoted to assistant middle school.

In the first year of his life, he was transferred to the minister of punishments and no longer presided over politics. He repeatedly asked to resign because of his age, asked to resign and go home, and was approved.

At first, Li log was going to complain, without consulting his wife, and went back to his hometown to let his followers change clothes and move out to engage in other industries. The wife said in surprise, "the family property has been spent many times, and the child's reputation and official position have not yet been established." Why are you in such a hurry to resign? " Li Rizhi said, "A scholar has done more than his duty.

People's desires are endless, and if they indulge their greed, there is no time to satisfy them. "We went back to the countryside and didn't engage in industry. We just repaired pools and pavilions, introduced some backward people and chatted with them.

Kaiyuan died in three years. At the beginning, Li Rizhi was married to the clan because of his official residence and important positions. At that time, public opinion thought it was against etiquette.

After his death, the youngest son, Yi Heng, married a concubine, wasted his land and house, and sued your brothers, so the (good) family style was replaced. Classical Chinese original: Li Rizhi, a native of Xingyang, Zhengzhou.

Lift Jinshi. Under the gift of heaven, I am tired of going to punishment.

When the usage is strict and urgent, the Japanese know that they are alone, and it is meaningless to be tolerant. Try to avoid death row, Shao Qing asked Hu Yuanli to kill him, and associate with Japan as for the 4th.

Li Yuan was furious and said, "I will not leave Cao now, and this prisoner will have no physiology." Answer: "I know that I will not leave Cao, and this prisoner will not die."

Because it is listed in two forms, it is straightforward to know the fruit. At the beginning of the dragon, it was to give things.

The mother of the Japanese governor is the most filial. Mother is old, has tasted the disease, and knows the urgency of every day. After several days of waiting, her sideburns turned white.

Get a doctor to disperse it. His mother died without a city name, and was buried. When the official came to my place, he knew that he died immediately on the road, but it was a long time.

Both sides are lost, so don't look up. Qian Jing, the satrap, Sima Lu of Weizhou, heard about his filial piety and made him ask for it, but he knew day by day that he would abandon it.

After serving, he was transferred to Huangmen Assistant Minister. Princess Shi Anle's billiard hall was newly built, the middle clan went to tell fortune, and the officials gave a banquet to compose poems.

In the last chapter, it says, "If you want to live quietly for a while, don't make it and call it the author's work." There are many commentators.

In the first year of Jing Yun, he went to imperial academy to study politics as before. Next year, enter the worship service.

In the first year of birth, he switched to the minister of punishments and stopped to understand politics. Begging for bones frequently, please be an official to make it.

I knew from the beginning that there would be an invitation from Chen, but I didn't plan to be with my wife. When I get home, I'm going to leave my job. The wife was surprised and said, "The property has been empty many times, and the children's names have not been set up. Why did you resign? " The day said, "The scholar has done his duty so far.

There is no end to human feelings, indulge your heart. "And returning home, not its industry, is to repair the pool pavilion, more backward, and talk about the feast.

Kaiyuan died in three years. It was considered impolite to know that when officials became officials, their children were married and had a good reputation.

After his death, the youngest son Yi Heng married a concubine and spent a lot of money on the farm house. He still filed a lawsuit against his brothers, and family style took his place. This paper comes from the writing background of Zhao Ying's "A Supplement to the Old Tang Book" at the end of Jin Dynasty: The Old Tang Book consists of 200 volumes, including 20 volumes of Ji, 30 volumes of Shi Lu, and 0/50 volumes of Biography/kloc, formerly known as "Tang Book", and after the publication of the New Tang Book compiled by Song Qi and Ouyang Xiu.

The compilation of the Book of Old Tang Dynasty is not far from the demise of the Tang Dynasty, and the sources of information are also relatively rich. The Book of Old Tang Dynasty was written at the order of Shi Jingtang in the fifth year of Tianfu in the late Jin Dynasty (940) and completed in the second year of the late Jin Dynasty (945).

Because Liu Shao was in power at the time of writing this book, according to the regulations at that time, the general prime minister should be the editor-in-chief (supervisor) of the revision of national history, so Liu Shao became a signed writer. In addition to the third phase of supervision and repair, there are 9 people involved in the preparatory work.

They are: Zhang Zhaoyuan, Wei Jia, Zhao Xi, Wang Shen, Qilu, Yin Zhuo, Cui Wei, Zheng Yi and Li Weixian. Among them, Zhang Zhaoyuan is always responsible for his own affairs, and he is the most diligent.

Wei Jia resigned and mourned shortly after receiving the imperial edict. This book was written a year ago. His main contribution is that his 65-volume Supplement to the Tang Dynasty provides many rare historical materials after Tang Wuzong. Zhao Qian always does things and "has done her best"

On the day this book was finished, Wang Shen was on the list of "Elegance Award". Lv Qi edited Tang Shi in advance, and he was called "a famous man" in history.

In 946, the year after the Book of the Old Tang Dynasty was published, the northern Khitan attacked the late Jin Dynasty on a large scale, resulting in a tragic situation in which Kaifeng and Henan counties were deserted for hundreds of miles, causing serious public and private losses, and it was inevitable that historical records would be robbed. Therefore, the revised Book of Old Tang Dynasty is of great positive significance in preserving historical materials.

The author of Old Books of the Tang Dynasty is not far from the Tang Dynasty and has access to a large number of historical materials of the Tang Dynasty, so he can compile such a 200-volume book in just over four years. About the author: Zhao Ying (885-95 1).

2. Zhang Yongchuan's Classical Chinese and its original translation: Zhang Yong, whose name is Fu Zhi, was born in Juancheng, Zhou Pu.

Taiping rejuvenating the country for five years, the county for Jinshi, proposed to praise the first recommendation. Those who have Confucianism and Zhang Qin Su are not the first. They chanting, Kou Zhun will send a letter to the book county, recommend Qin Wei champions, many people promised to do it.

Li Ling, Song Shu and Kou Zhun recommended their talents, thinking that Jinghu North Road was a transshipment ambassador. After returning from the tour, I sent the water to my husband in Xiaerzhou.

Please transfer to Dr. Tae Chang. Emperor Taizong heard of his strong work and called him back.

Zhang Yongde deployed troops for the Union Army and Daidu, and a primary school violated the law and was sentenced to death. A letter case is guilty.

Yongfeng replied, "Your Majesty appointed Yongde as a border official. If you insult the commander with a proofreading copy, I'm afraid I'll take it lightly. " Emperor Taizong disobeyed.

A few days later, if a soldier threatened to sue the military academy, he would recite what happened before and let Taizong change his mind. When knowing Yizhou, Li Shun was in chaos, and Wang Jien and Shangguanzheng attacked and begged, but the division did not advance.

It is still popular in Li Shimin to inspire meaning with poems and encourage them to do it themselves. Because of this, when they decided to go deep into Jack, people threatened to remove the letter from the imperial court and send them back to their fields with the help of the imperial court.

At the beginning, scholars in Shu knew how to learn, but they were not willing to be officials. Zhang He, Li Yi and Zhang Kui, from Yongcha County, have all studied, which is called by the village. Then I urged him to give it, and the three of them learned to get in.

Scholars get advice from knowledge. In the second year of Chengping, Xia Yong learned about Hangzhou with the assistant minister of the Ministry of Industry.

It's a year's regret that the people are self-sufficient with private salt. Hundreds of criminals were arrested, told leniency and sent away.

The official asked, "No pain, I'm afraid it's forbidden." Yong said, "There are 100,000 households in Qiantang, and nine times out of ten people are hungry. If you don't live on salt, once the bees gather like thieves, it will be a profound disaster.

When Qiu Cheng was still here. "In five years, Shenzong treated Shu well before chanting, and he knew Yizhou after me.

They sent the Governor of Xie Tao to the west of Shu, saying, "I don't have to worry about taking care of the west of Shu, because your mother is in Shu." Yong and qingzhou prefecture.

Lin Yin is not an official. Obviously, those who have been begging for rain for 30 years can't get it.

When I came to offer my condolences, official Bai Fulin asked me to see him. He said: "Mr. Fu is a wise man in the world, and I am not a friend yet. Who are you, dare to call him! " (From Song History? Zhang Yongchuan (excerpt) Translation: Zhang Yong, whose real name is Fu Zhi, was born in Juancheng, Zhou Pu. Five years of peace and rejuvenating the country, Zhou Pu recommended Jinshi, and Gong Shou recommended Zhang Yong.

There was an old Confucian scholar named Zhang Qin who didn't get into the Jinshi. Zhang Yong and Kou Zhun wrote a letter to the state commander, recommending Zhang Qin as the first choice. Everyone praised Zhang Yong's modesty. It happened that Li Ling, Song Long and Kou Zhun recommended his talents one after another, and (the imperial court) appointed him as the traffic envoy of Jinghu North Road.

(Zhang Yong) Last week, I suggested withdrawing the sailors from Guigui and Zhou Xia. Turn back to Dr. Tae Chang.

Song Taizong heard that he was capable and recalled him to North Korea. Zhang Yongde was appointed as the leader of two generations, and a small school official broke the law and was whipped to death by him.

The emperor issued a letter to judge his crime. Zhang Yong returned the imperial edict, saying, "Your Majesty has entrusted Zhang Yongde with the important task of frontier defense. If the commander is humiliated because of a small school official, I am afraid that the subordinates will despise the superiors. "

Taizong didn't listen. Soon, as expected, the soldiers jointly sued the military academy. Zhang Yong cited previous events to discuss it, and Taizong was very moved and comforted him.

When he became the prefect of Yizhou, Li Shun was in the midst of an insurrection. Under the attack of Eun and Shangguan orthodox soldiers, he could not move forward. Zhang Yong encouraged Shangguan Zheng with words, encouraged him to attack himself, and enthusiastically set up a farewell curtain for him.

Shangguan was therefore determined to send troops in depth and finally won a great victory. When the rebels attacked the city, many people were forced to follow them. Zhang Yong issued a document explaining to them the kindness and loyalty of the court so that they could return to their villages.

At the beginning, scholars in Shu knew they wanted to study, but they didn't like being an official. Zhang Yong visited Zhang Ji, Li Yi, Zhang Kui and others in this state. They were all very knowledgeable and well-behaved, and were praised by the whole village. So they were urged to take part in the imperial examination, and these three people really got into the Jinshi.

Scholars have since learned to strive for progress. (Song Zhenzong) In the summer of the second year of Xianping, Zhang Yong became the assistant minister of the Ministry of Industry in Hangzhou.

When the harvest is bad, many people sell salt to themselves. Hundreds of people who broke the law were arrested, and Zhang Yong lightened their punishment and then fired them.

Officials under the Ministry demanded: "Without severe sanctions, I am afraid it will not be possible to ban this matter." Zhang Yong said, "There are 100,000 people in Qiantang area, and 890,000 people are hungry. If (these people) don't rely on selling illegal salt to support themselves, they will become robbers like bees in the future (or: once they flock to become robbers), it will be a catastrophe.

When we harvest in autumn, we will still do things the old way. "(xianping) for five years, because of Zhang Yong's outstanding achievements before Shu, he was appointed as Yizhou.

It happened that the imperial court sent Xie Tao to inspect the western Shu, so the emperor asked him to tell Zhang Yong: "With Ai Qing in Shu, I don't worry about not seeing the west." Zhang Yong and Qingzhou Fu Lin were classmates when they were young.

Fu Lin lived in seclusion. After being a senior official in Zhang Yong, he has not been found for thirty years.

At this time, he came to see him, and the gatekeeper reported that Fu Lin asked to see him. Zhang Yong scolded him and said, "Mr. Fu is a (very famous) saint in the world, and I have never had a chance to be friends with him. Who are you, who dares to call him by his first name! " .

3. Translation of Classical Chinese "Old Tang Shu Yao Ganzhuan"

Gan Yuan medicine string

Yao is from Linzhang, Xiangzhou. Sun of Yuan Shi, assistant minister of Bishi in Sui Dynasty. His father was honest and frank. When Emperor Gaozong was a judge, he was too ordinary, and he died because he made a wrong match with Lingnan. He is a scholar in Yao Gan. In the middle of Jing Yun (7 10), he served as a doctor's consultant. At that time, the ceremony of shooting officials by hundreds of officials had long been abandoned, but Yuan said humbly: "The holy king teaches the people all over the world, and he must be a courtesy. He has a dutiful son at home and a state-owned loyal minister. This truth is enduring because it is reasonable. Therefore, the gentleman is not polite for three years and his manners are damaged; If you don't have fun for three years, your happiness will definitely collapse. I don't think it's a pleasure to watch the shooting ceremony first and the instrument of harmony and tolerance in the ancient draft. As for shooting, we can distinguish between good and evil, keep morality, conform to sacrifice and attack the enemy. There is no ancient holy king who does not inherit. I secretly read that the shooting ceremony has been abolished for several years, and some departments are stingy with the expenses, which has caused losses to the big shooting. I was stupid enough to think that I spent money and saved gifts. So Confucius said,' I love my sheep, and I love my ceremony'. Now that the times are updated and the world is clear, the etiquette of watching great people should not be abandoned, and the teaching of saints should continue. In this way, the world will be very lucky. " Source dry obsidian quickly transferred to liangzhou as viceroy.

In the early years of Kaiyuan (7 13), some officials in Wang Fu broke the law. Xuanzong ordered people around him to find someone who could be a long history of Wang Fu. Taichang Qingjiangjiao recommended Gan Yuan Obsidian, saying that he was fair, upright and talented, so he was summoned to talk with Xuanzong. Gan Yuan obsidian refreshed to speak, methodically answer. Xuanzong admired it so much that he worshipped it as a long history of Wang Fu. Soon, he was transferred to the position of Assistant Minister of Housing and served as a consultant. Before long, he was transferred to Zuo Cheng, a senior minister. In the winter of the fourth year of Kaiyuan, Yuan served as assistant minister of Huangmen, acting as prime minister. Only ten days later, he dismissed Yao as prime minister.

Xuanzong was going to Luoyang at that time, taking Gan Yuan Obsidian as Jing Zhaoyin and leaving it as the capital. Gan Yuan Obsidian is generous and simple, but not strict, but reasonable. There was once a white eagle fighting and lost it when it was released. Xuanzong ordered Jingzhao officials to capture him. Not long after being captured in the wild, the white eagle hung in the thorns and died. Officials are afraid of offending and take care of each other. Yao Gan said slowly, "There are coincidences and common sense in death. The Lord is merciful and should not blame others for it. If you must punish me, I admit, don't be afraid. " Therefore, Gan Yuan Obsidian went to North Korea and invited himself to fail. Xuanzong didn't ask all the questions. Everyone admires that Gan Yuan is not afraid of the future. He can lead himself. He served as Jing Zhaoyin for three years, and his decree was consistent.

In the spring of the eighth year of Kaiyuan (720), he served as assistant minister of Huangmen and acting as prime minister. Soon, Dr. Yin Qing Guanglu was supplemented and promoted to assistant middle school. After a long time, the source dried up and became sparse. "I see that the families of prominent officials are all looking for jobs in Beijing, and most talented people are foreign officials. The king should be just, not like this. " I have three people who all work in Beijing. I hope to mobilize them as foreign officials in a coordinated and equal manner. Xuanzong agreed with this opinion, so he transferred his son Bi Yuan from Henan to Jiangzhou Sigong and transferred Bi Yuan from Mao to Zheng Wei. Xuanzong also ordered the fathers of Bi Yuan and others to hold important positions in the imperial court, but he was very modest and strict with himself. He was worried that there would be problems if he could not use it among officials. He took the lead in showing the virtue of humility and asked his second son to be transferred to other positions. Zuo Zhuan doesn't say:' Jin Fan Zi Xuan gives way, and everyone gives way.' The people of the state of Jin, so peace is great. If Tao can do it, why is benevolence far away? "So, the civil and military officials working in the capital, father and son, are treated according to age and seniority, so that the children of more than one hundred officials are all transferred from the capital. Soon, someone wrote that "the way of governing the country is closely related to each other." How can we make them do their best without a little affection? "In November of the tenth year of Kaiyuan (722), Xuanzong ordered three hundred households in Zhongshu to give food. This seal was created by Yuan and Zhang.

After Gan Yuan Obsidian, he went to Mount Tai from Xuanzong East to meditate, worshipped Shangshu as Prime Minister, and remained a minister. During the ten years in power, he and Zhang successively served as the secretariat of the order. Yao didn't compete with them for the power of Gan Yuan, and everything had to be ceded. When Li Yuan .. and Du Sian presided over the government affairs, Gan Yuan Yao did not participate in the meeting, but only agreed to sign it. At the beginning, Gan Yuan Obsidian was recommended by Jiang Jiao and reused. When Jiang Jiao was convicted and excluded by Zhang, Obsidian didn't help. At that time, people laughed at Gan Yuan Obsidian. In the autumn of the seventeenth year of Kaiyuan (729), he stopped the part-time job of the deputy envoy. This autumn, he moved to Prince Shao Shi's house. He took the name of his grandfather as his teacher and resolutely declined, so he was appointed as the Prince of Shaofu and became the official of Anyang County. In the 19th year of Kaiyuan (732), Xuanzong went to Luoyang, the capital of East China. Gan Yuan Obsidian was too old and sick to follow, so he stayed in Beijing for illness. Died this winter. A suicide note to the prefect of Youzhou. Xuanzong mourned at the south gate of Luoyang city and did not attend the meeting for two days.

4. Translation of classical Chinese: Zhang said that the word Tao oneself, or to put it bluntly, first moved from Fanyang to Henan, and some Luoyang people said that the word Tao oneself, but the word Tao oneself, his ancestors moved from Fanyang, Hebei Province to Luoyang, Henan Province, and became Luoyang people. During the Yongchang period, Wuhou (Zetian) took an examination of the sages and made plans, and ordered Li, a senior official of the official department, to post the names of the candidates for the plans, saying that the plans should be ranked first, and Wuhou (Zetian) approved them as second-class, making him a proofreader for the prince, leaving one official missing.

When he proclaimed himself emperor, Zhang was promoted to assistant minister of Zhongshu (secretary of state) and secretariat of Yongzhou. Qiaowang Li Zhongfu rebelled and was killed. There are hundreds of associates involved in Luoyang, and the case has been delayed for a long time. Please handle this case with Zhang. Soon, Zhang found the guilty man, so he killed Zhang He, and the others who were wronged calmed down. The emperor said happily that when dealing with a case, he didn't wronged the upright person, forgave the guilty person and thanked him. At that time, Emperor Xuanzong of the Tang Dynasty (Li Longji) was a prince. Zhang said that he and Chu Wuliang accompanied the prince to study and were particularly close and polite to him. The following year, Zhang said that he was promoted to the position of Secretary-General of China Academy of Sciences (Vice Premier the State Council), responsible for supervising the compilation of national history.

In 7 1 1 year (the second year of Jing Yun), Tang Ruizong said to the courtiers around him, "The fortune teller told me that there would be rebellion in the palace within five days, so we should take precautions early." People don't know what to do. Zhang Dui said, "This is a plot against the Prince. If the prince is allowed to supervise state affairs, your majesty will have a certain birthright, which will naturally make those traitors have no chance to avoid disasters. " Knowing what Zhang meant, he ordered to supervise state affairs. In 7 12 AD, the Crown Prince (Li Longji) became emperor, and Princess Taiping promoted Xiao Zhizhong and Cui Kun as prime ministers. Because Zhang said that he was not attached to himself (Princess Taiping), he was named Shangshu Zuocheng (Chairman of the Chinese People's Political Consultative Conference), and he was not allowed to participate in the handling of political affairs, so he was left as Dongdu (Mayor of Luoyang). Knowing that Princess Taiping and others rebelled, Zhang secretly handed the sword to Xuanzong () to let him make a decision early. Accepted Zhang's suggestion. After Xiao Zhizhong was killed, he made Zhang a secretariat (prime minister) and made him Duke of Yan, so that he could enjoy the contribution of 200 ordinary people.

Previously, more than 600,000 troops were stationed in the border town. Zhang said that the world was peaceful at that time, so he proposed to let 200 thousand people retire and go home to farm. Thinking that there was a problem, Zhang said to him: "Although there are a large number of troops stationed in the border town, the officers only serve as their own guards and seek personal gain. To deal with the enemy, it is a good soldier, not a large number. With your majesty's shrewdness, people in the circle are afraid of your prestige. You don't have to worry that withdrawing troops will lead to enemy aggression. I am willing to ensure the safety of hundreds of people in my family. " The Emperor (Li Longji) then agreed to his proposal.

Zhang said that he pays attention to ethics, keeps his word (keeps his promise), likes to recommend and promote young people, and is very concerned about the righteousness between friends of the monarch and the minister. When Li Longji was a prince, he participated in many secret plans and finally became a minister of Emperor Xuanzong of the Tang Dynasty.

5. Read the following classical Chinese and complete Question 9. C 10。 D 1 1。 A 12。 (1) (5 points) Xie Wan has been working in the same yamen with Guo and has a friendly relationship, so she was slandered by Zong Chuke because she was demoted to Cangzhou Secretariat.

(1 minute "element", "goodness", "destruction" and "reason", 1 sentence meaning. (2)(5 points) Xie Wan said that Tubo must have hidden a conspiracy of rebellion, and requested to send (send) 100,000 soldiers to Qin, Wei and other countries for strict prevention.

(Huai, Ji, Jin and Fang each have 1 min, meaning 1 min. ) analysis 9. Analysis of test questions: It can be broken by combining the text features such as "filial piety", "sincere sorrow" and "glory of the right to speak", as well as symbolic words such as "enough" and "return".

Test center: understand the sentence patterns and usage different from modern Chinese. The ability level is understanding B.

10. Textual research: D "Shi Zhi" is not the abbreviation of "Guan", nor is it "an official took office", but "an ancient official resigned to his hometown". Test center: understand the common sense of ancient culture.

The ability level is to understand B. 1 1. Test analysis: a "his request has never been allowed" is wrong.

According to the original sentences such as "Allow him to ask", "Let him go to his post after serving" and "Visit Zhao Jia Jinguanglu and listen to his wishes", it can be seen that the emperor promised Xie Wan to resign. The way to solve this kind of problem is: first, grasp the stem of the question and read it all correctly.

When reading the topic, you must read it completely and accurately, and don't skim it. The so-called complete reading refers to the analysis of all the requirements in the stem of the question without omission and truthfully; The so-called accurate reading is to accurately grasp the requirements put forward by the stem and see whether it is right or wrong, whether it is to summarize the content or analyze the point of view.

Only by comprehensive and accurate analysis and understanding of the question can we answer the question accurately. Then put the options back to the original text and check whether they are right or wrong.

Especially in the aspects of time, place, official position, characters' behavior, actual effect, etc., we should carefully check the words and phrases of the original text, fully understand and analyze them comprehensively. The difference between them is the key to grasp the full text. For specious, we should have the consciousness of explaining the text by using the topic.

Test center: summarize the main points of the content and summarize the central meaning. The ability level is analytical synthesis C.

12. Test analysis: When translating such topics, we should first find out the key words or sentence patterns to be translated, usually literal translation, except for some figurative words, and then translate them as a whole. According to the norms of modern Chinese, the words can reach the sentence order. When translating classical Chinese, we should pay attention to the following points: (1) Learn grammar analysis and reasoning.

Organize the trunk, divide the components and realize the grammatical function. Sorting out the sentence trunk can help us to sort out the sentence components, so as to judge the part-of-speech phenomenon, flexibly use the part-of-speech and special sentence patterns, and achieve the purpose of accurate translation.

(2) Inferring the meaning of words and sentences. In modern Chinese, the meanings of many monosyllabic notional words are expressed by a disyllabic word.

In the process of changing from monosyllabic to disyllabic, synonym merging or antonym merging or antonym juxtaposition are the characteristics of word formation. Based on this, we can guess the meaning of difficult words through word combinations.

(3) Inference of similar language structures. Ancient Chinese pays attention to the neat antithesis of language.

There are many whole sentences in classical Chinese, and parallelism sentences are also very common. In similar language structures, words in corresponding positions often have the same, similar and relative characteristics, and one can infer the other.

(4) Context analysis and reasoning. Translation should not only be related to the language environment of the sentence itself, but also to the overall context of the whole paragraph and article.

Test center: Understand and translate the sentences in the text. The ability level is understanding B Attachment: Classical Chinese Reference Translation Xie Wan, an adult in Weizhou.

When he was young, he was admitted to the company and was appointed as the official of the New Deal, and was appointed as Chengdu Cheng many times. Because his performance conformed to the emperor's will, he was promoted to suggestion and left a job for his parents.

Wu Zetian familiarized Xie Wan with border affairs, and asked him to stay in office before the mourning period expired, and asked him to go to the western regions to appease Louis. Xie Wan bluntly told him to politely decline. Wu Zetian praised him greatly and wrote a letter saying: "Xie Wanchun is filial and mourns his sincerity. She firmly insists that she politely refuses to temporarily deprive her family of honor and grace. Please observe the etiquette when the mourning period expires.

It is enough to inspire customs and urge the promotion of etiquette, which should be in line with his aristocratic feelings and allow his request to go to work after mourning. "In the early years of the holy calendar, Xie Wan was promoted to the position of minister of suggestion, and served as an envoy to appease Uzile and ten tribes. Everyone thinks it is convenient and suitable, and barbarians are very happy. Xie Wan was promoted to be an imperial adviser and a guardian of the Northern Court, and held festivals to appease the Western Regions.

Xie Wan has always been in the same room with Guo and has a friendly relationship, so she was slandered by Zongchuke because she was demoted to Cangzhou Secretariat. Xie Wan's administrative ability won the hearts of the people.

Between Jing and the Year of the Loong, Xie Wan was promoted to the right empire and the general manager of the North March. Xie Wan was in the army for more than twenty years, and learned a lot from farming and fighting. The border is very calm.

In the second year of Jingyun, Xie Wan was appointed as the general manager of the Northern Army. Xie Wan appointed important military officials He Guanzong, ChristianRandPhillips and Pu Anchuzhong to inspect the conscription situation in the three cities, so it cut 100,000 people and stopped conscription last week.

Soon, he was appointed General Xie, who also inspected the secretariat of Jinzhou, and was awarded the title of Duke of Jinan. He asked for retirement because of his advanced age. After the above performance, he left the office without waiting for an answer

The emperor awarded Dr. Jin Guanglu a letter, respecting his wishes, and all salaries were paid according to his original position. Then he presented an imperial edict to comfort him and said, "Only by being upright can you achieve lofty goals, show your integrity and loyalty, and stick to the right path is enough to accomplish things."

Like the mission of Zhang Qian, like the peace of Jiang Wei. As a civil and military official, he has contributed to all parties and worked for the court, and is called the old man of the country.

Recently, considering his age, he was willing to retire, deeply sympathized with Ma Yuan's talent, and failed to comply with the requirements of 7-up. However, Zhang Shu frequently showed kindness, and the aristocratic feelings were hard to change.

Now that we know that Qing has left his hometown, it will certainly inspire decadent customs and set an example for the people and officials. It is commendable that you can be consistent.

You should keep healthy, which will help you live longer. "Soon, Tubo invaded the frontier, and was called into Xie Wan as the third left riding servant, and ordered Tubo to demarcate and buy ten households.

Xie Wan said that Tubo must be a hidden conspiracy, and requested to send (send) 100,000 soldiers to Qin, Wei and other countries to take strict precautions. This winter, Tubo really invaded and was finally repelled by troops sent in advance.

Soon, Xie Wan asked for abdication again, but the emperor did not allow him to be the guest of honor of the prince. In the fifth year of Kaiyuan, he served as the secretariat of Tongzhou.

The following year, he died at the age of 80.

6. I urgently need to translate the source. I am from Linzhang, Xiangzhou. Zu Shimin, assistant minister of Sui Department of Punishment. My father was a strict man. When Emperor Gaozong was too ordinary, he died in Lingnan. Yao Gan was the first scholar. Among the dragons, the imperial envoys in the temple visited Jiangdong all over the country, with the largest number of troupes and frequent remonstrances with doctors. After the cloud, the officials abolished the ceremony on the fourth and ninth days. Yao Gan believed that "the holy king taught the world to take ceremony as righteousness. If a gentleman is not polite for three years, the courtesy will be bad; If you don't have fun for three years, have fun. In the ancient draft, people watched the shooting ceremony first, instead of taking temporary pleasure. Those who shoot, who are not evil or upright, keep morality, sacrifice to China, break Kourong, and the ancient philosopher Wang will attack. Since then, the shooting ceremony has been ignored, which made the company pay the price and the old code lost money. I am a fool, saying that those who plan are rich and those who lose are polite, so Confucius does not love sheep and keeps etiquette. A big shot is that the spring and autumn can't be abolished. "

At the beginning of the new century, Wang Fuzhi's official broke the law, and Xuanzong asked Wang for a long history. TaiChangQing recommended Yao Gan, because Liangzhou satrap summoned, he calm and clear, occupied the positive sequence, the emperor was very satisfied with this. He was promoted to less government and less prison, and also served as the long history of Wang Fuzhi. Progressive business success. For four years, I have worshipped assistant minister Huang Men and made peace with others. More than a month, and Yao Chong. Emperor Huidong was lucky to stay in the capital with Jing Zhaoyin. The rule is broad and simple, and the people are safe. After living for three years, politics began. In the battle, White Eagle was arrested by Jing Zhao because of its negligence, and was captured in the wild, and hazel died. Afraid of offending, the official said, "I am a benevolent person and don't blame animals for playing." As soon as they get angry, Yin will treat them exclusively. " Later, I went to the countryside and lost my goal. As soon as the emperor didn't ask, many people fell in love with him and were good at taking the blame.