China's major operas and masterpieces.

China's major operas and masterpieces.

China's major operas and representative works China's five major operas are generally shown in the following order:

Beijing opera (known as "national opera"); Yue Opera (known as "the second largest opera in China" and "the second national opera"); Huangmei opera; Pingju; Henan opera.

Representative works are as follows:

1, Peking Opera: Changbanpo, Four Gentlemen, Qin Xianglian, Empty City Plan, Farewell My Concubine, etc.

2. Yue Opera: butterfly lovers, Dream of Red Mansions, Romance of the West Chamber, Legend of the White Snake, Peacock Flying Southeast, Tiger King Stealing Home, Mu Commanding, Lu You and Tang Wan, Civet cats for Prince.

Huangmei Opera: Fairy Couple, Cowherd and Weaver Girl, Yutangchun.

4. Henan Opera: Mulan's fifth oath, Qin Xuemei's mourning, Liu Yong's coming to Ning, and the sedan chair (also known as the story of sacks).

1, Peking Opera, once called Pingju, is one of the five major operas in China. Its accent is mainly Xipi and Huanger, supplemented by Huqin and gongs and drums, which is known as the quintessence of China and the "top" of China opera Sandingjia.

2. Yue Opera (in Chinese pinyin, it is Yue Opera in English)-the second largest opera in China, known as the second national opera, and also known as the "most popular local opera". Some people think it is the "largest local opera" and is called "Chinese opera" abroad. It is also one of the five major operas in China (followed by Peking Opera, Yue Opera, Huangmei Opera, Pingju Opera and Henan Opera). Originated in Shengzhou, Zhejiang, originated in Shanghai, flourished in the whole country and spread to the world. In the process of development, it absorbed the achievements of Kunqu opera, traditional opera and Shao opera, and experienced the historical evolution from men's Yue opera to women's Yue opera.

Yue Opera is good at expressing emotion, focusing on singing, with beautiful voice, real and moving performance, beautiful and elegant, and full of Jiangnan spirit; Most of them take "gifted scholars and beautiful women" as the theme, and there are many artistic schools, among which thirteen are recognized. Mainly popular in Shanghai, Zhejiang, Jiangsu, Fujian, Jiangxi, Anhui and other southern regions, as well as most northern regions such as Beijing and Tianjin. In its heyday, except for Tibet, Guangdong, Guangxi and a few other provinces and regions, there were professional theatrical troupes all over the country.

Yue Opera is the first national intangible cultural heritage list.

Huangmei Opera, formerly known as Huangmeidiao and tea-picking opera, originated in Huangmei, Hubei Province and developed in Anqing, Anhui Province.

Huangmei Opera, together with Beijing Opera, Yue Opera, Pingju Opera and Henan Opera, is called "the five major operas in China" and is also the main local opera in Anhui Province. Hubei, Jiangxi, Fujian, Zhejiang, Jiangsu, Hongkong and Taiwan Province provinces also have professional or amateur Huangmei Opera performance groups, which are widely welcomed.

Huangmei opera is simple and fluent in singing, good at lively lyricism and rich in expressive force; The performance is simple and meticulous, and it is famous for its truthfulness and vividness. A song "The Match of Heaven and Fairy" has made Huangmei Opera popular all over the country and has a high reputation overseas.

4. Henan Opera (English: Henan Opera) originated in the Central Plains (Henan). It is one of the five major operas in China and the largest local opera in China, and it is also widely spread all over Zhejiang. Contemporary Henan Opera, following Henan Satellite TV, Henan Opera Theatre and Taiwan Province Henan Opera Troupe, has spread all over Australia, Italy, France, Canada, Venezuela, New Zealand, Germany, Britain, the United States and other countries in the world, and has been praised as "Oriental Aria" by westerners.

Henan Opera has been continuously inherited, reformed and innovated on the basis of Henan Bangzi. After the founding of the People's Republic of China, Henan was called Henan Opera for short.

Henan Opera is famous for its sonorous singing, moderate intonation, clear articulation, mellow charm, liveliness, flesh and blood, and being good at expressing the inner feelings of characters. It is widely welcomed by people from all walks of life for its high artistry. Because its music accompaniment takes jujube bangzi as the beat, it was named Henan Bangzi in the early days.

Beijing opera: drunken imperial concubine, farewell my concubine, gathering heroes, matchmaker and so on.

Pingju: Flowers as Media, Qin Xianglian, Liu Qiaoer, Yang Sanjie's Complaints, etc.

Hebei Bangzi: Fenhe Bay, etc.

Henan Opera: Seven Kinds of Sesame Officials of Mulan.

Shaanxi Opera: Zhou Ren returned to the government, etc.

Kunqu Opera: Peony Pavilion, Palace of Eternal Life, etc.

Yue Opera: A Dream of Red Mansions, butterfly lovers, Five Girls' Birthdays, etc.

Huangmei opera: fairy couple, female Xu, etc.

In fact, many dramas are found in various operas, but the forms of expression are different.

My opinion on various representative works of China Opera.

Kunqu Opera: Peony Pavilion and Peach Blossom Fan

Beijing opera: Shiro's visit to his mother is an empty plan.

Sichuan Opera: Legend of the White Snake, Bashan Scholar, Edge of Cabinet.

Liang Zhu and A Dream of Red Mansions.

Henan Opera: Mu in command, Hua Mulan.

Huangmei opera: fairy couple, female Xu.

Cantonese Opera: Princess Jumping Man Cuomai

Pingju: Taking Flowers as Media

Shaanxi Opera: Qin Xianglian.

What are the representative works of China's major operas? China has a long history and a wide variety of operas. According to incomplete statistics, there are about 360 kinds of operas and tens of thousands of traditional plays in ethnic minority areas in China.

The more popular and famous operas are: Beijing Opera, Kunqu Opera, Yue Opera, Henan Opera, Huangmei Opera, Pingju Opera, Guangdong Opera, Shandong Opera, Anhui Opera, Huai Opera, Shanghai Opera, xiang opera Opera, Liu Zi Opera, Qiang Mao Opera, Huaihai Opera, Wuxi Opera, Shaanxi Opera, Shaanxi Opera, Guanzhong Daoqing Opera, Taigu Yangko Opera and Shangdang Opera. Errenzhuan, Errentai, Lashi Opera, Chanzuitou, Hebei Bangzi, Manchu Opera, Henan Pendant, Hebei Bangzi, Hunan Ancient Painting Opera, Huaibei Ancient Painting Opera, Plum Blossom Drum, Pear Flower Drum, Jingyun Drum, Xihe Drum, Pingtan, Tanxian, Shandong Express Book and Shandong Qin Shu, among which Beijing Opera is the most popular.

Specific distribution of local operas:

Beijing: Peking Opera Beikun West Road Pingju Beijing Quju

Hebei Province: Hebei Bangzi Pingju Sixian Old Tune Hahahaha Hebei Randomly Playing Wuan Pingdiao Wuan Luozi Xidiao Yuxian Yangko Longyao Yangko Dingxian Yangko Four-string Tang Opera with Horizontal Seven Tones and Upper Four Tones.

Shanxi Province: Zhou Pu Bangzi Shanxi Middle Road Bangzi Shanxi North Road Bangzi Shangdang Bangzi Gong and Drum Miscellaneous Play Lingqiu Luoluo Shangdang Huang Shangdang Dangzi Yongji Daoqing Opera Hongdong Daoqing Opera Linxian Daoqing Opera Jinbei Daoqing Opera Wu Xiang Yangge Huguan Yangge Qinyuan Yangge Qitai Yangko Fan Shi Yangge Shuoxian Yangge Xiaoyi Wan Wan Qiang Nationality Quhuo Wan Wan Qiang Nationality Killer Tune Fengtai Opera.

Inner Mongolia Autonomous Region: Man-Han Banquet Table for Two in Inner Mongolia Yangko

Liaoning province: Haicheng trumpet opera, southern Liaoning film, Mongolian opera, colorful lotus drop

Jilin Province: Errenzhuan Opera, Xincheng Opera and Huanglong Opera.

Heilongjiang Province: Longjiang Opera

Shaanxi Province: Shaanxi Opera Diao Han Huang Er Agong Opera Heyang Dance Opera Heyang Line Opera Shaanxi Wan Wan Qiang Shaanxi Laoqiang Meihua Opera String Board Opera Shaanxi Daoqing Opera Shaanxi Southern Flower Drum Opera Shaanxi Southern Duangong Opera Ankang Heizi Opera.

Gansu: Gannan Tibetan Opera, Gao Shanju Shadow Play and Dragon Opera.

Qinghai Province: Qinghai Tibetan Opera Qinghai Pingxian Opera

Xinjiang Uygur Autonomous Region: Xinjiang Quzi Opera

Shandong Province: Shandong Bangzi Jujube Bangzi Laiwu Bangzi East Road Bangzi Opera Lu Opera Liu Qiang Wuyin Opera Liuqin Opera has two strings and four tones.

Jiangsu Province: Kunqu Opera, Huai Opera, Yang Opera, Bronze Opera, Huai Opera, Xi Opera, Su Ju, Dingdingqiang Opera, Huaihong Opera and Haimen Mountain Opera.

Anhui Province: Huangmei Opera, Huizhou Opera, Qingyang Opera, Yuexi Gaoqiang Opera, Anhui Mulian Opera, Anhui Huizhou Opera, Anhui Duangong Opera, Sha Hetiao Sizhou Opera, Pendant Opera, Gongzi Opera, Wuhu Lichun Opera, Nanci Opera, Weinan Ancient Painting Opera, Fengyang Ancient Painting Opera, Huaibei Ancient Painting Opera and Huaizi Opera.

Shanghai: Shanghai Opera, Humor Opera and Fengxian Mountain Opera.

Zhejiang Province: Yue Opera, Wu Opera, Shao Opera, Xinchang High-pitched Opera, Ninghai Pingdiao, Songyang High-pitched Opera, Wenzhou Kunqu Opera, Jinhua Kunqu Opera, Huangyan, Zhuji, Ou Opera, Hangbang Opera, Yong Opera, Shanghai Opera and Muju Opera.

Jiangxi Province: Gan Opera Geyang Opera Xu He Opera Donghe Opera Ninghe Opera Ruihe Opera Yihuang Opera Gannan Tea Picking Opera Pingxiang Tea Picking Opera Wanzai Lantern Opera Fuzhou Tea Picking Opera Ji 'an Tea Picking Opera Ningdu Tea Picking Opera Jidong Tea Picking Opera Jiujiang Tea Picking Opera Jingdezhen Tea Picking Opera Wuning Tea Picking Opera Gao 'an Tea Picking Opera

Fujian Province: Puxian Opera Liyuan Opera Gaojia Opera Fujian Opera Pinghua Opera Civilian Opera Ming Opera Big Chamber Opera Minxi Hanju North Road Opera Meilin Opera Right Word Nanjian Tune Small Chamber Opera Triangle Opera Minxi Tea Picking Opera Nanci Opera Minxi Folk Song Opera Mi Opera Dacheng Opera Ma Zhu Opera Youchun Play Shoulder Play

Taiwan Province Province: Taiwanese Drama

Guangdong: Cantonese Opera, Chaozhou Opera, Zhengzi Opera, Bai Zixi Guangdong Han Opera, Xiqin Opera, Hua Chaoxi Yuebei Tea Picking Opera, Dongchang Ancient Painting Opera, Lei Ju Meixianshan Opera, and Yuexi White Opera.

Hainan Province: Qiong Opera

Guangxi Zhuang Autonomous Region: Guangxi Opera, Yong Opera, Sixian Opera, Guangxi Shigong Opera, Xiaoxi Opera, Niuniang Opera, Tea Picking Opera in South Guangxi, Guangxi Zhuang Opera, Guangxi Miao Opera and Guangxi Dong Opera.

Hunan Province: xiang opera Qi Opera Changde Han Opera Hengyang xiang opera Baling Opera Changsha Opera Yueyang Opera Changde Opera Xiangxi Yang Yang Opera Shaoyang Ancient Painting Opera Lingling Huagu Opera Shidao Opera Xiangxi Miao Ju Xinhuang Dong Nuo Opera

Hubei Province: Han Opera Jing Hexi South Opera Hubei Yuelu Mountain Huang Er Hubei High-pitched Chuju East Road Ancient Painting Opera Huangmei Tea Picking Opera Yangxin Tea Picking Opera Yuan 'an Ancient Painting Opera Xiangyang Ancient Painting Opera Jingzhou Ancient Painting Opera Liang Shantiao Yunyang Ancient Painting Opera Suixian Huagu Opera Theatre Opera Hubei Liuzi Opera.

Henan Province: Henan Opera Henan Yuediao Nanyang Bangzi Dapingdiao Huai Bang Huai Diao Da Xian Diao Luo Opera Juanju Henan Quju Henan Daoqing Henan Ancient Painting Opera Le Qiang Five Tunes.

Sichuan Province: Sichuan Opera Sichuan Lantern Sichuan Quyi Xiushan Lantern

Yunnan Province: Yunnan Opera, Yunnan Lantern Opera, Kunqu Opera, Guansuo Opera, Dai Opera, Bai Opera, Yunnan Zhuang Opera and Yi Opera.

Guizhou Province: Guizhou Opera Guizhou Local Bangzi Guizhou Lantern Guizhou Dong Opera Guizhou Buyi Opera Guizhou Miao Opera Anshun Local Opera

Xizang Autonomous Region: Tibetan Opera

It's quite complete here.

Characteristics and representative works of various operas: six major operas in China.

Beijing opera

Shaanxi opera

Ju Ping

Henan opera; Yu Opera；Henan Opera

Shaoxing opera

Huangmei Opera

Beijing opera

As one of China's operas, it originated in Beijing in the middle of19th century, and gained unprecedented prosperity in the court of Qing Dynasty. Its accent is mainly Xipi and Huanger, accompanied by huqin and gongs and drums, which is regarded as the quintessence of China. In the 55th year of Qing Qianlong (A.D. 1790), four Huizhou classes from the south of China successively entered Beijing. The first Huiban who went to Beijing was Sanqing, who mainly sang Huang Er tune. Because of its rich tunes and various tracks, it gradually overwhelmed the Shaanxi opera prevailing in Beijing at that time. Many Shaanxi opera actors transferred to Anhui opera class, which formed the fusion of Anhui opera and Shaanxi opera. Subsequently, three other Hui classes, Sixi, Chuntai and Hechun, also came to Beijing, which led to the gradual decline of Kunqu opera, which had been popular for many years, and most Kunqu opera actors were transferred to Hui classes. During the Daoguang period in the Qing Dynasty, Hubei actors went to Beijing and brought Chu tunes (Han tunes and Xipi tunes), which led Xipi and Huang Er to merge in Shi Jing and Huiban, forming the so-called "Pihuang Opera". At this time, the Pihuang opera, which was formed in the capital, was influenced by Beijing pronunciation and accent and had the characteristics of "Beijing dialect". Later, because they often performed in Shanghai, Shanghainese called this kind of Pihuang drama with Beijing characteristics "Peking Opera", also called "Peking Opera". Because of the rapid development of Beijing Opera in Beijing, its artistic level ranks among the best in China's operas, and then it is popular all over the country, so it is also called "National Opera".

Shaanxi opera is also called random play.

It is one of China's operas, which originated from Western Qin Opera and is now popular in Shaanxi, Gansu, Qinghai, Ningxia and Xinjiang in northwest China. It is also called "Bangzi Tune" because it uses the jujube bangzi as a percussion instrument, and it is also commonly known as "Bangzi Tune" (named after the "dreamy" sound when Bangzi plays, and the pronunciation of Shaanxi dialect is particularly beautiful). It is the oldest, richest and largest of the four major tunes of China opera. Shaanxi Opera pioneered the method of "board-variable structure" in China's traditional opera music, which is the earliest board-cavity and the matrix of Bangzi Opera (Prose Opera) system. Nowadays, although the style of Bangzi Opera in northern China is quite different from that of Shaanxi Opera, it maintains the same characteristics in timbre and accompaniment.

Pingju was formed in Tangshan in Xuantong Yuan Dynasty (1909) in Qing Dynasty, so it is also called "Tangshan Luozi". In the 12th year of the Republic of China (1923), when Shi Jing Drama Club, which founded this kind of drama, performed in Tianjin, it was renamed as "Pingju" because of its new ideas of "punishing evil and promoting good", "warning the people" and "commenting on the past and discussing the present". In 25 years of the Republic of China, Bai, a famous actress, filmed a film version of Begonia Red in Shanghai, and the name of Pingju was published in Ta Kung Pao. Since then, the name of Pingju has been widely circulated throughout the country. Pingju originated from the folk song and dance "Yangko" in eastern Hebei Province. Yangge is one of the main forms of the new orthodox flower festival in the folk lunar calendar. It consists of two people dressed in colorful clothes, singing and dancing, singing and dancing in groups, playing gongs and drums, suona or silk and bamboo with the piano, and singing folk life stories, historical figures and four seasons scenery as the main content. During the Ming and Qing Dynasties, many people sang Yangko, and the tunes they sang were mainly lotus. By the end of the Qing Dynasty, Yangko absorbed the shadow play and drum calligraphy of Laoting, and then evolved into a "dancing play" with local characteristics in eastern Hebei. There were two small plays (once ugly) in the early days, including singing and dancing; There are more than 100 scripts, which run through certain storylines and characters, and the narrative third person is its main feature. Musically, it is also a form of transition to board cavity. Because the songs sung by the dancers are mainly lotus, and bamboo boards (festival boards) are used to make knots, there is a mixed name for jumping and lotus. The form of performance begins with the group chorus "Four Happy Songs" and then leads to the main play. Twenty years after Daoguang (1840), more and more farmers learn to dance for a living, and a large number of artists sing and dance. Due to the differences in dialects and artists' activity areas, east, west and north roads have been formed. During the sixth and twenty-sixth years of Guangxu (1880- 1990), many semi-professional and professional class clubs appeared. Excellent dancers in the class club communicate with each other and learn from each other in the competition, thus promoting the continuous development of dancing and dancing, and pushing two small plays sung in opposite colors to the stage of three small plays (that is, dismantling plays). The actor of the play changed from three to the first person, and the script changed from rap to the first person narrator, so there appeared a small drama with stage style, and a simple division of foot color and lines began in the performance. In addition to maintaining the traditional yangko movements to a certain extent, some dramas began to introduce realistic movements that simulated real life, and at the same time began to imitate the program movements of big dramas. However, it is not bound by strict procedural norms, and the action is more free. Nianbai is based on Tangshan local language, which rhymes a bit. Musical singing began to take the form of banqiang. Use adagio, Erliu board, small sad sound, lock board, etc. Accompanied by piano, mainly banhu, suona and flute are also used; The percussion instrument removed the bamboo board and replaced it with jujube bangzi, borrowing the gong sutra of Hebei Bangzi. At the beginning of the Qin dynasty, the conductor band accompanied the Qin dynasty with the seal of the banhu player. There is only one table, two chairs and "old-fashioned" stage facilities, and nothing else. There are more than 100 kinds of drama programs, most of which come from two plays, or movies and bangzi scripts. The other part takes folk real life, current affairs rumors, ancient and modern legends, historical novels, Zidishu Guci and so on as the theme. During the drama-breaking period, in the thirty-fourth year of Guangxu in Qing Dynasty, due to the successive deaths of Guangxu and Cixi, the Qing government banned entertainment activities for 100 days, which led to the paralysis and disintegration of all classes of drama. In the autumn of the same year, some artists established the Chun Qing Society. In order to prevent the authorities from blocking the performance, a comprehensive transformation was carried out, imitating the mode of drama, and a large number of bangzi boards and gongs and drums were absorbed, so that the play of the bullet took shape. After the reform, the dance opera was named "Pingqiang Bangzi Opera". In Xuantongyuan, Yongsheng Tea Garden flourished in Tangshan, and Chun Qing Society was invited to open a performance, which was warmly welcomed by workers and audiences. Since then, Chun Qing Society has gained a firm foothold in Tangshan. In order to consolidate the position of bungee jumping in the city, the artists of the class club have made great efforts to create and arrange new plays. By the first year of the Republic of China, more than 30 large-scale plays had been created, adapted and transplanted. At the same time, the performance industry has also improved, and the system of singing and accompanying piano has also been improved, thus giving bungee jumping a brand-new artistic style. At this point, the folk opera bred in the mother body of Yangko finally stood out with a new attitude in the early years of the Republic of China. At that time, it was called Tangshan Xia Zi, and later it was called Pingju. Modern dramas such as "Yang Sanjie complained" and "An Zhonggen stabbed Ito Bowen" faced the real life of society and took current affairs news as the theme, which was very influential at that time. 1 949 65438+1October1After the founding of People's Republic of China (PRC), under the guidance of the party's policy of "letting a hundred flowers blossom and bring forth the new", Pingju has shown a prosperous scene; Many provinces, municipalities and autonomous regions have established Pingju art groups, and Pingju has since become a national drama. Complaining, also known as shooting high. Based on a true story. In the seventh year of the Republic of China, Gao, the son of rich gentry and rich chapter, married a rogue poor girl and committed adultery with his eldest sister Pei and his fifth sister. The second sister advised her husband to turn over a new leaf and held a grudge. The adulterer conspired to kill the second sister. YueYang, the third sister, found some doubts in her mourning, but went to Luanxian to complain, and the magistrate took bribes, which led to the third sister losing the case. The third sister refused to accept the appeal and appealed to the general's office in Zhili (Tianjin), and the struggle finally won. Gao was shot. In the eighth year of the Republic of China (19 19), the play premiered in Harbin Qingfeng Theatre. The first part of the script is "The Grand View of Pingxi" published by Cheng Xin Bookstore 1929. China Drama Publishing House, February edition 1957 "Selected Plays" also accepted the play. For the story about flowers, see Strange Tales from a Lonely Studio-Parasitism. Wang Junqing and his cousin Li Yuee fell in love, but Yuee's father refused to get married, and Jun Qing became lovesick. Mother Ruan, the matchmaker, chose Zhang Wuke and planned a blind date in the garden. Zhang and Wang fell in love at first sight. On the wedding day, Yuee's mother took advantage of her husband's absence to send Yuee to the Wangs, and Jun Qing married two wives. In the third year of the Republic of China (19 14), the play was first performed by Chun Qing Pingqiang Bangzi Class in Tangshan Sheng Tea Garden. Later, it was included in the second episode of Pingju Daquan.

Henan opera; Yu Opera；Henan Opera

Shaanxi Xianyang Henan Opera Troupe was founded in 1952 with a history of more than 50 years. It is a municipal professional art performance group with high influence in Shaanxi Province. It is owned by the whole people ... Henan Opera, formerly known as "Henan Bangzi" and "Henan Gaoti", was named Henan Opera after liberation because Henan Province was called "Yu" for short. It is one of the major operas in Henan Province.

Yue Opera, formerly known as "The Songs on the Ground", was popular in Shengxian County, Zhejiang Province, and gradually developed into "Women's Yue Opera" in 1930s.

In the early forties, women's Yueju opera flourished in Shanghai, absorbing the nutrition of Kunju opera and drama in art and gradually maturing. The older generation of artists, represented by Yuan Xuefen and Yin Guifang, were cared for by the producers of China earlier, and made bold reforms in system and art. The performance of the newly edited Yue Opera "Sister Xianglin" was a "milestone" in the development history of Yue Opera. It is this group of old artists who dare to reform and actively innovate. On the basis of inheriting the tradition and according to their own conditions, they created their own unique style and gradually formed various schools of Yue Opera with artistic characteristics.

Since the founding of New China, under the guidance of the Party's literary and artistic policies, Yue Opera has entered a golden age of great development, producing dozens of outstanding plays, such as Butterfly Lovers, A Dream of Red Mansions and A Story of the West Chamber.

In the mid-1980s, Zhejiang Xiaobaihuayue Opera Troupe was established in Hangzhou, which was followed by the remarkable "Hua Xiaobai" phenomenon in Zhejiang. A large number of excellent "little flowers" have emerged. For example, Mao, the winner of the Second Plum Blossom Award, and Zhou Yunjuan, the winner of the Plum Blossom Award, represent a new generation of Yue Opera artists, and they compete to blossom a hundred gardens, which indicates the further prosperity and development of Yue Opera.

Huangmei Opera is the main local opera in Anhui. Huangmei Opera, formerly known as Huangmei Tune or Tea-picking Opera, is a folk drama that was formed in the Piling area of Anhui, Hubei and Jiangxi provinces in the late18th century. One of them gradually moved eastward to Anqing, centering on Huaining County, Anhui Province, combined with local folk arts, and sang and spoke in the local language, forming its own characteristics, called "Huaiqiang" or "Huaidiao". This is the predecessor of Huangmei Opera today.

In terms of repertoire, it is known as "36 major dramas, 72% off small dramas". The play mainly shows the people's dissatisfaction with class oppression, the disparity between the rich and the poor and their yearning for a free and beautiful life. For example, The Story of Buckwheat, Guan, Tian Xianpei, etc. Traditional Chinese operas mostly show the life segments of rural laborers, such as ordering barley, spinning cotton yarn and selling buckets.

After liberation, a number of traditional plays such as Fairy Descent, Ma Xu, Luo Afraid, Zhao, Mother's Tears, Three Searches for the State House have been adapted successively, and a number of dramas such as Cowherd and Weaver Girl, Historical Drama, Modern Drama and Spring Blossom have been created. Among them, Fairy Descent, Female Xu and Cowherd and Weaver Girl have been put on the screen one after another, which has had a great influence at home and abroad. Yan Fengying, Wang Shaofang, Wu Qiong and Malan are famous actors in Huangmei Opera.

Peking Opera is one of the traditional operas formed in Beijing with a history of nearly 200 years. On the basis of Anhui Opera and Han Opera, it gradually evolved by absorbing the advantages and specialties of some operas such as Kunqu Opera and Shaanxi Opera. Huizhou Opera entered Beijing in A.D. 1790 (the 55th year of Qing Qianlong). The earliest Huizhou Opera Troupe entered Beijing was the prestigious "Sanqing Class" in Anhui. Later, there were four classes in Beijing, such as "Four Happiness", "River Lip" and "Chuntai", which were collectively called "Huizhou Class Four".

The formal formation of Peking Opera was about twenty years in Daoguang (1840). At this time, various aria formats of Beijing Opera have been preliminarily established, the language characteristics of Beijing Opera have been formed, and the role of Beijing Opera has also undergone new changes. A number of plays with the characteristics of Peking Opera have appeared, and the first generation of Peking Opera actors have also appeared: Yu Shengsan, Zhang Erkui and Cheng Changgeng are called the "three Ding Jia" of old pedants, and there are also old actors and Peking Opera. Cheng Changgeng is a representative figure in this period. He made more efforts than other Peking Opera actors in the same period in integrating Han Hui tune and absorbing Kunqu opera to transform and improve it. He made a great contribution to the formation of Peking Opera performance art and played a great role in the development of Peking Opera in later generations.

Peking Opera music belongs to the banqiang style, and the lead singers are Huang Er and Xipi, so Peking Opera is also called "Pihuang". Other commonly used vocals in Beijing Opera are Nanbangzi, Siping Tone, Gaobazi and Chui. There are more than 1000 kinds of traditional operas in Beijing Opera, and more than 300 kinds are often performed. Among them, besides Anhui Opera, Han Opera, Kunqu Opera and Shaanxi Opera, quite a few of them were created by Beijing Opera artists and folk writers. Beijing opera is good at expressing political and military struggles with historical themes, and most of the stories are taken from historical romances and novel scripts. There are not only the whole drama, but also a large number of passbook dramas, in addition to some series.

The role of Beijing opera is divided into seven lines: health, Dan, purity, ugliness, martial arts and fashion (walk-on), and then into four lines: health, Dan, purity and ugliness.

Since the formation of Beijing Opera, a large number of outstanding actors have emerged. They have contributed to the innovation and development of Beijing Opera in singing, performance, repertoire and character modeling, and formed many influential schools. Such as Cheng Changgeng, Yu Sansheng, Zhang Erkui, Tan Xinpei, Wang Guifen, Sun Juxian, Wang Xiaonong, Liu Hongsheng, Wang Hongshou, Yu Shuyan, Gao Qingkui, Yan Ju Peng, Zhou Xinfang, Ma Lianliang, Yang Baosen, Tan Fuying and Li Shaochun. Xiao Sheng, Xu Xiaoxiang, Cheng Jixian, Jiang Miaoxiang and Ye Shenglan. ; Present were, Huang Yueshan,,, Shang, Li, etc. Dan Jiao Mei Qiaoling, Yu Ziyun, Tian Guifeng, Mei Lanfang, Cheng, Xun Huisheng, Shang Xiaoyun, Feng, Xiao Cuihua, Gong Yunfu, Li Duokui, etc. Jing Jiao Mu Fengshan, Huang Runfu, He Guishan, Qiu Guixian, Qiu et al. Clown Liu Gansan, Yang Mingyu (originally Kunqu Opera, joined Beijing Class), Wang Changlin, Xiao Changhua, etc. In addition, there are famous pianists such as Sun, Mei Tian,,, and so on. Famous drummers include Hang, Bai and Wang.

China Ancient Dramatists and Their Masterpieces? 1) Guan Hanqing's greatest achievement is his zaju, which has written more than 60 kinds in his life. Today, there are 18 species, the most famous of which is Yuan. Today, there are more than 40 pieces of Xiaoling Sanqu, and the number of sets is 10.

2) There are 13 names in Wang Shifu Zaju. Today is:

Cui Yingying is waiting for the moon in the west wing.

Lv Mengzheng snowstorm broke kiln.

The four kings are singing and dancing in the spring hall.

There is a lost song in Han Caiyun's Sacrifice to Zhu Furong Pavilion.

There is a lost song in Su Xiaoqing's Moonlit Tea Boat.

3) Ma Zhiyuan, Ma Zhiyuan (1250? - 1323? ), the word Dongli, was a zaju writer in China in the early Yuan Dynasty, mostly from Beijing. Most of the works reflect the pastoral theme of retreating mountains and forests, and the style is both bold and quiet. Wang Zhaojun's legend is described in Autumn in Han Palace and Ren Fengzi. Autumn in the Palace of Han Dynasty is called the best masterpiece of Yuanqu by later generations. His works are included in Dongli Yuefu. Together with Guan Hanqing, Bai Renfu, Wang Shifu (on Zheng Guangzu) and others, they are called the four masters of Yuan Opera.

4 Bai Renfu's real name is Park, No.,and the word Renfu. China was a playwright in the Yuan Dynasty. Zhen Dingren (now Hebei Province) was born in a bureaucratic family in the Jin Dynasty, and was adopted by Yuan Haowen in the chaotic and turbulent era at the end of the Jin Dynasty. Later moved to Nanjing. As a generation of celebrities in opposition, he focused on the creation of poetry, wine and zaju.

Gong Ci Qu, Guan Hanqing, Wang Shifu (the other is Zheng Guangzu), Ma Zhiyuan and others are also called the four masters of Yuan Qu. Sanqu is elegant and dignified, and Guan Hanqing is a great composer in Jin and Yuan Dynasties. Among his works, there is a famous zaju Wu Tongyu, which tells the story of Tang Xuanzong and Yang Guifei. Its lyrics are elegant and belong to the literary school. Sanqu has a volume of Legacy of Nature, 37 poems and four sets of divertimento.

Representative plays and authors of five major operas in China 1. Beijing Opera: Representative repertoires: Dragon and Phoenix, Heroes' Meeting, Shiro's Visit to Mother, etc.

2. Pingju: Representative plays: Liu Qiaoer, Flowers as Media, Qin Xianglian, etc.

3. Henan Opera: Representative repertoires: Matchmaker, Mu Commanding, Firecracker, etc.

4. Yue Opera: Representative repertoires: Butterfly Lovers, Sister Xianglin, Five Girls' Birthdays, etc.

5. Huangmei Opera: Representative plays: Fairy Couple, Female Xu, Cowherd and Weaver Girl, etc.

Our teacher said something in class, and I wrote it down, but I don't know who the author is.

Farewell My Concubine by Mei Lanfang, the representative of China traditional opera.

The name of China's traditional opera and its representative work Beijing Opera: Beijing Opera, also known as "Pihuang", consists of two basic tones, Xipi and Huang Er, and also sings some local tunes (such as Liu Zi Opera and Drum Blowing Opera) and Kunqu Qupai. 1840 was formed in Beijing and prevailed in 1930s and 40s. It is sometimes called "National Opera". It is still a big drama with national influence. It has comprehensive business, mature performance and magnificent momentum, and is the representative of modern opera in China.

2 Yue Opera: Yue Opera, a local opera popular in Zhejiang. Originated in "Duban" in Shengxian County, Zhejiang Province, it entered Shanghai around 19 16 and performed in the name of "Shaoxing Literary Opera". First it was dominated by actors, then it became dominated by actresses. After 1938, use the name "Yue Opera". During the period of 1942, the actors of Yue Opera, led by Yuan Xuefen, reformed their performance and singing, absorbed the advantages of Kunqu Opera, and formed a gentle and delicate performance style. There are many artistic schools, such as Yuan (Xuefen) School, Yin () School, Fan (Ruijuan) School, Fu (Quanxiang) School and Xu (Yulan) School. Yue operas include Xianglinsao, butterfly lovers, A Dream of Red Mansions, Five Birthday Women, The West Chamber and so on.

Huangmei Opera: Huangmei Opera originated in Anhui and is popular in Anhui, Jiangxi and Hubei. Its predecessor was the tea-picking tune in Huangmei area. After the middle of Qing Dynasty, a folk opera called "Huangmei tune" was formed, which was sung in Anqing dialect. In 1950s, under the reform of Yan Fengying and others, Anhui Opera became more and more mature and developed into an Anhui local opera. Famous plays include The Fairy Match, The Cowherd and the Weaver Girl, The Woman Xu and so on.

4 Pingju: Pingju was formed in the late Qing Dynasty on the basis of the ditty "Opposite Lotus Falls" in Luanxian County, Hebei Province. It was first popular in rural areas of Hebei province, and then entered Tangshan, and was called "Tangshan Xiazi". It was popular in Northeast China around the 1920s, and a number of actresses appeared. After 1930s, under the influence of Peking Opera and Hebei Bangzi, Pingju became more and more mature, and schools such as Bai, Cailian and Ai Lianjun appeared. After 1950, Liu Qiaoer, Flowers as Media, Yang Sanjie's Complaints, Qin Xianglian and other plays had a great influence throughout the country, with new, famous and famous actors appearing. Pingju is still very popular in Hebei and Beijing.

In fact, there are many kinds of operas in China, definitely more than four major ones, such as Shaanxi Opera, Kunqu Opera, Shanxi Opera, Huangmei Opera, Henan Opera, Sichuan Opera and Cantonese Opera.