Yangzhou administrative region

I. Historical Changes of Yangzhou Administrative Region

Yangzhou has a history of nearly 2500 years. Throughout the ages, dynasties have changed greatly, and they have experienced complicated renaming and political evolution. However, by studying the establishment and evolution of Yangzhou in past dynasties, we can know such an interesting situation, that is, from the Qin Dynasty to the Republic of China, during this period of 2 17 1 year, Yangzhou experienced the change and separatist forces of 28 dynasties. 1996 Before the partition of Yang Tai, its territory was equivalent to the jurisdiction of the "Sheep Eight Genus" in the Qing Dynasty, and this territory was roughly equivalent to. This shows that the administrative scope of Yangzhou, a central city, is quite stable.

Judging from the administrative system, Guangling was originally only a vassal of the royal family. However, after the abolition of Guangling State in the second year of Yuanshou in the Western Han Dynasty, Guangling County was established, which was the first of its kind. During the Southern and Northern Dynasties, South Yanzhou ruled Guangling with Jianghuai as the boundary, and the Guangling area formed a three-level organizational system of state, county and county for the first time. However, in the early Sui Dynasty, the overlapping and huge bureaucracy made the people unbearable, so Emperor Wendi of Sui decided to abandon the county to save the country, laying the foundation for the two-level organizational system at the state and county levels again.

Historically, the counties ruled by Yangzhou were often adjusted and divided with the political and economic status brought about by Yangzhou's rebellion. For example, during the reign of Emperor Taizong Zhenguan, Jiangdu County was located in Dongjiangyang County, West Yangzi County and Donghai 'an County. During the Tianbao period of Emperor Xuanzong of the Tang Dynasty, it was analyzed that Jiangdu, Liuhe and Gaoyou jointly set up "Qian Qiu County" (later changed to Tianchang County). At that time, Yangzhou was not only a place ruled by prefectures and counties, but also the seat of Huainan Road and Dadufu, the institutions of the central court, and maintained a prominent position in which the three-level organizational system of Taoism, prefectures and counties coexisted. During the Southern Song Dynasty, wars were frequent, and Yangzhou was in the center of confrontation between the north and the south. Its architecture had the characteristics of wartime military. Shortly after Emperor Gaozong ascended the throne, he led hundreds of officials to move south to Yangzhou. At one time, the state, Taoist, state and county organizational systems coexisted. In the Yuan Dynasty, Yangzhou became the capital of Zhongshu Province in Jianghuai for three times, and it also had the organizational system of Dao (later changed to land, equivalent to county), state and county. During the Ming and Qing Dynasties, Yangzhou was also a three-level organizational system of prefectures and counties. However, during the Yongzheng period of the Qing Dynasty, Tongzhou broke away from Yangzhou and became an equal prefecture-level state with Yangzhou. States below the state no longer lead counties, so it is customized. Yangzhou prefecture leads Taizhou, Gaoyou, Jiangdu, Ganquan, Yizheng, Xinghua, Baoying and Dongtai, which are called "Yangba genus". In the Republic of China, counties were abandoned and the government was replaced by administrative districts. Yangzhou is the ninth administrative region, and it is also called Jiangdu District in the name of the first county in Jiangdu. Its territory is roughly equivalent to the scope of "eight genera of sheep".

During the revolutionary war years, Yangzhou successively established the first, second and third Soviet specialized institutions. 1949 65438+1On October 25th, after the liberation of Yangzhou, Yangzhou administrative agency and Taizhou administrative agency were established at the border of Yangzhou. After the founding of New China, the two administrative regions of Yang Tai merged and became Taizhou Administrative Region (because the Northern Jiangsu Administrative Office was in Yangzhou at that time). 1953 was renamed Yangzhou administrative region and moved to Yangzhou. Some counties under its jurisdiction are zoned in and out, but the jurisdiction of 10- 12 counties (cities) remains. Until the end of the "Cultural Revolution" in June 1976, Yangzhou still governed Yangzhou, Taizhou, Taixian, Taixing, Jingjiang, Jiangdu, Xinghua and Yangzhou.

Second, after the 1980s, Yangzhou's administrative system and division were adjusted three times.

65438-0978 After the Third Plenary Session of the Eleventh Central Committee of the Communist Party of China was held, all work was promoted in an orderly manner, reform and opening up became the main theme of economic development, and accelerating urban and rural development became the common aspiration of all parts of the country.

1983 In February, the State Council approved the reform of local system and adjustment of administrative divisions in Jiangsu Province, and agreed to cancel Yangzhou Administrative Office. Yangzhou was changed to the provincial jurisdiction, and the original counties (cities) under the jurisdiction of 10 were placed under the custody of Yangzhou, and the three communes of Tangwang, Xihu and Wantou on the Hanjiang River were placed under the custody of Yangzhou, and the area and population of Yangzhou increased by 76 square kilometers.

The implementation of the system of city governing counties not only broadens the development space of urban areas, but also simplifies the level of institutions, strengthens the substantive functions of urban areas and promotes the integrated development of cities, counties and urban areas. At the same time, it embodies the advantages of concentrating on doing great things and accelerating the development of central cities. The establishment of Yangzhou Economic Development Zone, the implementation of Yangzhou's strategy of "going west and going south" and the construction of major infrastructure such as Yangzhou Mall are all implemented under the system of city governing county.

14 years later, the administrative divisions of Yangzhou were adjusted again. 1In August, 1996, the State Council approved the revocation of county-level Taizhou City and the establishment of prefecture-level Taizhou City. Yangzhou administrative region is divided into two parts, and four county-level cities, Taixing, Jiangyan, Jingjiang and Xinghua, are placed under the custody of Taizhou City. Yangzhou has jurisdiction over Guangling District, Suburb, Baoying, Hanjiang County, Yizheng, Gaoyou and Jiangdu. The administrative area of Yangzhou was reduced to 6,638 square kilometers, with a population of 4.448 million in that year, including Yangzhou City 1.48 square kilometers, with a population of nearly 500,000. This major adjustment of administrative divisions has greatly reduced the ranking of Yangzhou's economic aggregate in the whole province, and the financial resources that can be concentrated in the city have been reduced by half. However, there are also four counties (cities) managed by Yangzhou, and the leadership work energy can be relatively concentrated in the urban area. After the implementation of the system of city governing county, due to the lack of economic strength in the urban area, people used "small horse-drawn carts" to describe this jurisdiction at that time. This is the case. Not only can counties (cities) not be moved, but sometimes they even have to rely on counties (cities) to support urban areas. Therefore, some people say that "city governing county" means "city scraping county". In this sense, the distribution of counties under the jurisdiction of the sum of divide and rule of Yang and Tai has also promoted the urban construction and economic development of Yangzhou City.

The administrative division pattern of Yangzhou, that is, the old city is Guangling District, the suburbs are suburbs, and the suburbs are surrounded by Hanjiang County. Yangzhou people vividly call this zoning pattern "egg-shaped" structure, that is, Guangling District is egg yolk, suburb is protein, and Hanjiang County is eggshell. This structure has not been adjusted for more than ten years since it was determined by 1983. Since the reform and opening up, Yangzhou has made great progress in economy, society and urban and rural construction, but the original administrative division pattern has not adapted to the needs of the development of the situation. The urban area is too small, especially Guangling District. When Yangzhou was built in the early days of liberation, it was confined to the old city and there was no place for economic development. Moreover, the urban area and Hanjiang County penetrate each other in economic and social development, and the contradiction between construction layout and urban management is increasingly prominent, which affects and restricts the development and radiation function of central cities. Therefore, it is imperative to adjust the administrative divisions of Yangzhou. This is the inherent requirement of urban economic and social development, and it is also the primary prerequisite for implementing urban development strategy.

On June 5438+February 2, 2000/KLOC-0, the State Council approved the People's Government of Jiangsu Province, and agreed to cancel Hanjiang County and set up Hanjiang District. The original administrative area remained unchanged and the district government was located in Wang Jiang Town. 200 1 1 12. The Jiangsu Provincial Government issued the Notice on Revoking Hanjiang County to Establish Hanjiang District of Yangzhou City. 1 18, the inaugural meeting of Hanjiang District was held and the unveiling ceremony was held. In this way, the regional area of Yangzhou City has reached 973 square kilometers, of which the built-up area is 52.66 square kilometers, and the population has reached 6.5438+0.08 million, of which the urban population is 4.65438+0.08 million.

On February 26th, 2000 1,1,the provincial government issued the Reply on Agreeing to Adjust Some Administrative Divisions of Yangzhou City, agreeing to put Tangwang Township (including the merged former Chengdong Township) under the jurisdiction of Guangling District, and at the same time, put 42 neighborhood committees under the jurisdiction of Dongguan, Wenhe and Chengnan Sub-district Offices in Guangling District under the jurisdiction of suburbs. This adjustment of urban zoning is the first time since the establishment of 1983 Guangling District and its suburbs. It breaks the original zoning of suburbs and changes the "peeled and boiled egg" zoning structure into a "salted duck" regional structure, so that both Guangling District and its suburbs have cities and villages. The integration of urban and rural areas is more conducive to the all-round development of urban economy and society, and is also more conducive to promoting the urbanization process of urban suburbs and rural areas.

In 2002, in order to improve the adjustment of urban administrative divisions, the municipal government issued the Notice on Delineating Urban Development Zones and Administrative Regions of Guangling District, Suburb and Hanjiang District, which placed Shiqiao and Bali Town of Hanjiang under the custody of Yangzhou Economic Development Zone. Wantou Town in the suburbs was placed under the custody of Guangling District, and the scope of street offices and neighborhood committees in Guangling, suburbs and Hanjiang District was comprehensively adjusted. The adjusted Guangling District covers an area of 67 square kilometers and has a population of 29.36 million. The suburban area is 8 1 km2 and the population is19.74 million. Hanjiang District covers an area of 756 square kilometers and has a population of 49.43 million. The development zone covers an area of 72 square kilometers and has a population of 9.95 million. (2002) In the same year1October 25th 165438, the provincial government studied and reported to the State Council for approval, and decided to rename the suburb of Yangzhou as weiyang district, with the same administrative affiliation and the same administrative region and district government residence. The adjustment of administrative divisions makes the division of jurisdiction more reasonable, and the regional names more worthy of the name, which is more conducive to the competitive development of all administrative districts in the city.

Third, some thoughts on the adjustment of Yangzhou's administrative system and zoning.

1. Is it beneficial to the development of central cities to implement the system of city governing counties?

The system of city governing county is an important measure introduced by Jiangsu Province 1983. Has this system achieved the expected results in the past 24 years? Is it beneficial to the development of central cities or vice versa? Looking back on the development of Yangzhou city, the answer should be yes.

The leadership system before the city governs the county is the supervision system of the administrative office. The administrative office is an agency of the provincial government, not a first-level political power, and there is no organization of the National People's Congress and the Chinese People's Political Consultative Conference. Therefore, counties (cities) including Yangzhou, where the administrative office is located, do not have a guiding relationship and have no administrative binding force on work guidance. At the same time, the focus of the administrative office is mainly in rural areas, and the leadership's energy is mainly concentrated in agriculture, drainage and drought relief, and seed harvesting. Yangzhou is responsible for urban work. After the Third Plenary Session of the Eleventh Central Committee of the Communist Party of China, the implementation of the household contract system also prompted the leadership to gradually shift from rural areas and agriculture to cities and secondary and tertiary industries. All these have created conditions for the implementation of the system of city governing county. Originally, some people were worried that Yangzhou is the economic base of county-level cities, which is far from the cities under the jurisdiction of several provinces in southern Jiangsu, and the city governing counties will not promote the economic development of various places. Some people worry that the city will weaken the city's work after governing the county, which is not as good as the original Yangzhou city. Practice has proved that these two kinds of worries are unnecessary. In particular, the expansion of urban area has expanded the space for urban development. On the issue of city governing county, although there are different models in different parts of the province, the practice in Yangzhou proves that it is effective to develop economy and build a city.

2. What are the lessons of Yangzhou's urban development in zoning adjustment?

Yangzhou is a famous ancient city in history. However, after the war, the city suffered great damage. Until 1949 Yangzhou was an ancient city with an area of only 5 square kilometers and a population of more than 80,000. After liberation, the system division of Yangzhou City is changeable. Shortly after liberation, Yangzhou Municipal Government announced the establishment of six districts: Dongguan, Kangshan, Chengxi, Huaisi, Huoqiao and Guazhou. 1956 after the establishment of Hanjiang county, the urban area has shrunk. 1958, Hanjiang county was abolished and the municipal district was expanded again. Until the restoration of Hanjiang County in 1962, the area of Yangzhou City was reduced to 77.38 square kilometers, including the urban area 1 1 74 square kilometers. For a long time, Yangzhou's urban public facilities and traffic roads have clung to the transformation of the old city, just like "making a Dojo in a snail's shell". The city has never been able to fly, jump or grow up. 1983 although the system of city governing county strengthens the leadership of urban areas, the administrative divisions between urban areas (Guangling District) and suburbs are not reasonable and have not been adjusted for more than ten years. When some cities in southern Jiangsu, even Huai 'an and other cities in northern Jiangsu, have divided their urban areas according to the pattern of giving consideration to both urban and rural areas, Guangling District and Yangzhou Suburb still maintain the division pattern of "egg yolk and protein", which delays the precious development opportunities of the two districts.

The municipal party committee and municipal government decided to jump out of the old city and build a new city, and first implemented the development strategy of "going west and south". This should be a major measure to accelerate urban development. However, in order to implement this strategic measure well, urban zoning must keep up and make timely adjustments. If the adjustment of zoning lags behind, it is not conducive to the release of urban radiation. Therefore, it is very important to seize the opportunity and make decisive decisions. On the issue of strengthening the carrier of urban development, due to the restriction of local interests at that time, Yangzhou's action lagged behind for one or two years, which affected the development and construction of the new district to some extent. After entering the 2 1 century, the plan of withdrawing counties from Hanjiang River and setting up districts was implemented. At the same time, the zoning adjustment of Guangling District, weiyang district and Economic Development Zone has also been implemented. In recent years, Yangzhou's road traffic facilities, the construction of residential quarters, the construction of new campus of colleges and universities, and the establishment of industrial parks have made rapid progress, and the city's appearance has changed with each passing day, which is inseparable from the timely adjustment of zoning. This should be the successful experience of Yangzhou in accelerating urban development.

3. How to give consideration to urban functional zoning in the adjustment of urban zoning and the layout of industrial parks?

As a famous cultural city with a long history, Yangzhou should not only protect and inherit the style of the ancient city, but also expand new fields and develop the city. Therefore, accelerating economic development, especially the development of industrial economy, is the top priority of urban development. The urban nature of Yangzhou affects the economic development. Before liberation, Yangzhou was a typical consumer city with few factories and enterprises and many cultural relics. Therefore, in 1985, the people's government of Jiangsu Province approved Yangzhou as a "famous historical and cultural city and a tourist city with traditional characteristics." In order to protect the nature and characteristics of Yangzhou city, the functional zoning of the city was determined as early as before liberation, that is, cultural and educational areas in the west, scenic spots in the northwest and industrial areas across the ancient canal in the southeast. More than half a century has passed, and the urban planning of Yangzhou has been revised many times, but the urban functional zoning has remained basically unchanged. During the Great Leap Forward from 65438 to 0958, the planning was out of control, and coking plants were spread all over the east and south of the city, which messed up the industrial layout. Later, it was gradually straightened out after adjustment. In the early 1990s, the CPC Yangzhou Municipal Committee decided to build Yangzhou Economic Development Zone in the southwest of the ancient city, and implemented the strategy of "East City, West City, Nangang and Beiyuan", which took an important step in the great development of the city.

From 200/kloc-0 to 2002, the municipal party committee and the municipal government started the construction of "one district and five parks", namely, economic development zone, port industrial park, Hanjiang industrial park, Jiangyang industrial park, Hangji industrial park and Guangling industrial park. Although the construction of these five industrial parks has taken care of the administrative jurisdiction of Guangling, Weiyang and Hanjiang in the urban area, it has made a breakthrough in the division of urban functions. The industrial areas along the ancient canal, which were laid out in the early days of liberation, will gradually withdraw from both sides of the canal with the formation of the scenic belt of the ancient canal. Previously identified northwest scenic spots, including Shugang, are now here with Jiangyang Industrial Park. Another example is the dense water network east of the Grand Canal, which is also the water intake of urban domestic water. Now Guangling Industrial Park has been opened. Although the layout of this industry (industry) takes into account the convenience of the jurisdiction of each administrative region, it must pay great attention to the environmental protection of enterprises, the protection of urban relics and the maintenance of urban natural ecological features. In short, while developing the economy, we should not only sort out and maintain the city's water system, but also protect and inherit the city's cultural context. "There must be mountains and rivers, green waters and green mountains" and "to be rich and well-off, to be harmonious and healthy". This is the starting point and destination of urban development.