Fortune teller at the foot of Huashan Mountain _ Fortune teller at the foot of Huashan Mountain

What's in Huashan Mountain, Shenxian Temple?

First, there is only one, that is, Xiyue Temple.

Second, the introduction of Xiyue Temple:

Xiyue Temple is a temple dedicated to Huashan God, the Emperor of Xiyue, located in Yue Zhen Street, 5 kilometers north of Huashan. The temple was built in the era of Emperor Wu of the Han Dynasty, and later became a place for emperors to worship Huashan God. Xiyue Temple faces south, and the gate faces Huashan. From north to south, the central axis is Wulingmen, Wufeng Tower, Lingxingmen, Jinchengmen, Linghaotang, Bedroom, Yushulou and Wanshou Pavilion. The whole building presents a pattern of low before and high after. Xiyue Temple is quite magnificent. The Wufeng Tower is built on a high platform, with a height of more than 20 meters. Looking up at Huashan Mountain, the five peaks are vivid. Huling Hall, the main hall, is a glazed tile building, located on the top of the mountain, with only one roof. It is located on a broad "convex" platform with 7 rooms wide and 5 rooms deep. Surrounded by cloisters, it is magnificent. Many emperors in the past dynasties sacrificed to Huashan and lived here. There are tablets inscribed by Kangxi, Daoguang and Cixi, such as "Golden Sun and Zhao Duan" and "Fairy Cloud". The whole courtyard is full of lush trees and rugged rocks, full of garden interest.

There are many inscriptions in Xiyue Temple, including the Kazuki Watanabe musician Temple Monument in the Later Zhou Dynasty, the Huashan Monument in the Tang Xuanzong of the Ming Dynasty, and the Huashan Lying Map in the Wanli Period of the Ming Dynasty. At the beginning of the picture, there are poems and pictures of Huashan written by famous people in Tang and Song Dynasties such as Wang Wei, Li Bai, Du Fu and Chen Tuan. There is also the stone forehead of Qianlong's imperial book Lian Yue Lingshu.

Third, the construction period of Xiyue Temple-Han, Wei, Jin, Southern and Northern Dynasties

Ji Ling Palace, the first temple dedicated to Xiyue God, was established at the foot of Huashan Mountain. However, frequent sacrifices to the gods did not make his life longer, nor did it make the Western Han Dynasty prosperous. On the contrary, the working people living in poverty rose up and overthrew the royal building built by Liu Bang, the Emperor Gaozu of Han Dynasty.

After the establishment of the Eastern Han Dynasty, they still did not forget the method of their ancestors and continued to worship the God of Xiyue. Just because "Ji Ling Palace" is close to Huashan Mountain, at the foot of the mountain, it is difficult to fully reflect the requirements of "Wang" sacrifice, nor can it achieve the purpose of offering sacrifices to gods. Coupled with the rugged roads, feudal emperors and dignitaries naturally did not want to go up the mountain. Therefore, regardless of the fact that the "Xiyue God" had to walk more roads than before to enjoy the incense, he moved the temple to the site near Chang 'an, which now leads to Luoyang Road, but the God of Huashan,

According to legend, after the relocation of the temple site was selected, the minister of supervision and craftsmen were puzzled by the architectural form in the temple, and each had his own ideas, but they were not mature enough to decide for a long time. This is not good for everyone, because if the building form is too bad or not completed within the time limit, everyone will worry about their lives. I'm worried that everyone won't eat and sleep well. It is hot and summer. One day, there was a sudden strong wind, and clouds appeared on the top of Huashan Mountain, which immediately covered the sun ... Because all of a sudden, people were frightened and thought that the temple was not well built and offended the Yue God. In an instant, I saw that the wind eased again and it suddenly snowed heavily. You know, it's midsummer! After the snow, I saw a vigorous rabbit flying in the snow. The route it took was very strange. People were frightened, even more shocked ... when they woke up, the rabbit seemed to melt in the snow and disappear. A closer look shows that the route thrown by the White Rabbit is actually a well-spaced and well-laid architectural pattern! There is no doubt that this is given by Yue God! People were ecstatic and began to build according to this model.

More interestingly, at the beginning of construction, people's distress came again-lack of wood. Although the nearby Huashan Mountain is made of wood, we can't reach it. Don't say Huashan is difficult to climb, even if it can climb, it is a "sacred tree"! It is time-consuming and laborious to transport it from other places, so it is difficult to finish it on time. Just as the carpenters looked at the mountain and sighed, there was a faint sound of logging and trees falling from the mountain. Every day, they heard "Is that enough?" , but there is no answer. The craftsmen looked at each other, puzzled. One day, I heard another question. I don't know if it's out of surprise or desire. A master dared to answer, "That's enough." Strangely, the sound of logging stopped at once. Suddenly, there was a strong wind, dark clouds and pouring rain. Many pieces of wood, large and small, are rolling in with the wind and rain. At both ends of each piece of wood, there is a word "Yue". This is the help of luna again. In order to enjoy the human incense as soon as possible, it is really hard to be "he". Craftsmen used these "Shenmu" and soon built the Xiyue Temple.

What a beautiful legend, how kind people are, and their own labor and wisdom are always attributed to God's creation, which makes Xiyue Temple more mysterious to some extent. No wonder it was favored by emperors of all ages and repaired many times. But anyway, Xiyue Temple was relocated in the Eastern Han Dynasty.

It should be noted that the original appearance of Xiyue Temple is difficult to verify because of its age, lack of literature and frequent repairs. There are also different opinions about its relocation time. According to the geography of Tang Dynasty, it moved to the early years of Yuan Guang in Han Dynasty (BC 134-BC 132). Emperor Wu of the Han Dynasty was located in the first year of Jianyuan (BC 140), and it took only five or six years to reach the first year of Yuanguang. Even if it is built on the throne, it can't be completed in a short time according to its scale. It seems impossible to build and move in such a short time. Some people say that it was built in the first year of Huang Chu, Wei Wendi in the Three Kingdoms (AD 202), while others say that it was moved to Xing Guangnian, Wen Chengdi in the Northern Wei Dynasty (AD 454). Thanks to the prosperity of modern archaeology, this problem can always be made public. This is the remnant stone of the "Xiyue Huashan Temple Monument" created by Yan Xi in the eighth year of Han Dynasty (AD 168) and re-carved in Qing Dynasty, and the stone statues and bricks of Han Dynasty unearthed in the temple. Especially the stone men of the Han dynasty, I don't know when they were relieved of their duties of sweeping the courtyard, welcoming the emperors who came to worship, and sending their ministers to sleep. This undoubtedly tells people that if the temples were not moved here in the Han Dynasty, there would be no Han steles, bricks and stone figures here. It is also recorded in Huashan Stone that a monument was built here in the eighth year of Emperor Yan Xi of the Eastern Han Dynasty, the second year of Emperor Lingguang and the third year of Di Xian Jian 'an.

After more than a hundred years of human vicissitudes, especially the peasant uprising at the end of the Eastern Han Dynasty and the warlord separatist war in the Three Kingdoms period, this temple is indeed protected by gods, or people have awe and worship of it, and it still stands beside the official road in the shadow of Huashan. Although not traumatized, I am afraid that in this turbulent era, the immortals in Huashan did not enjoy any incense, especially the more "affordable" incense of the ruling class. Imagine that every regime faced at that time. No wonder there is no record in the literature that emperors or ministers offered sacrifices to Xiyue God in this period.

It was not until Emperor Wu of Jin unified the whole country that the incense of Xiyue Temple flourished again. This is not surprising, because rulers often think that their rule is given by heaven or the gods. Even if they personally know whether there is a "Yue God" or a heavenly emperor, in order to make their rule stable and pass down forever, they should link their "kindness" income with the gods, so that the people have no resistance and are at the mercy of heaven. Therefore, as soon as peace is achieved, it is necessary to start praying to God, and the most common practical manifestation is to build temples. During the reign of Jin Taikang, thousands of cypress trees were planted on both sides of the road from Xiyue Temple to Huashan. This kind of tree is evergreen all the year round, hard in texture and long in life, and is often used in temples. The cemetery is a symbol of life and spirit. Probably related to the invisible world, planting cypress trees has increased the solemn and rigorous atmosphere of Xiyue Temple. After a lapse of 1000 years, many of these golden cypresses survived after the founding of New China. From Xiyue Temple to Yuquan Garden to Huashan via Jianshebao, Zhangxiao Village and yuntaiguan (Huashan Middle School). Unfortunately, there are not many left, and it is chilling to think about it. We modern people take what our ancestors left thousands of years ago as assets. If they really know what's going on in the sky (or underground), they will lament their children's evil deeds!

The cypress planted by Emperor Wu of Jin for Huashan God did not give much shade to his country. After a short period of reunification, it soon disappeared in the storm of internal rebellion and class struggle. Then there was the long-term turmoil in the sixteen countries of Wuhu. They fought for the Central Plains, and regime change was like a lantern. In addition, Buddhism gradually moved inward at this time, and all ethnic minorities entered the Central Plains. As one of the contents in the ideological field, the traditional gods in China are bound to have a fierce conflict with Buddhism. Probably at this stage, the building of Xiyue Temple was destroyed by the Buddhist minority regime that entered the Central Plains ―― almost gone. If so, it is no wonder that it is difficult for them to reach the Central Plains by leaps and bounds. As the saying goes, "dragons don't crush local strongmen." Besides, if the immortals who have eaten incense in the Central Plains for thousands of years are not taken seriously, how can they stay in the Central Plains for a long time-what does it want to "control"? Therefore, its regime can only be a passer-by, fleeting, or melted by the traditional gods of the Han nationality. Because of this, the Northern Wei regime of Xianbei people, especially Emperor Wei and Emperor Xiaowen, who later entered the Central Plains and unified the north, had to acknowledge and respect the original position of China's traditional gods. They not only adopted many sinicization measures, but also rebuilt the Xiyue Temple, making it "happy with the gods". This is the reason why the King of Qing Dynasty wrote that he ascended the throne in the first month of the third year of Northern Wei Dynasty and sent an envoy to Hua Yue to build a temple, and set the date for the relocation of Xiyue Temple in Northern Wei Dynasty. As we said before, the Xiyue Temple was moved to the Eastern Han Dynasty, probably because of the Five Dynasties Rebellion. The Northern Wei Dynasty was rebuilt, but not newly built.

At the end of the Northern Dynasty, although wars were frequent, Xiyue Temple was not hit hard again, and the sacrifice to Xiyue God was paid more and more attention by the rulers. In the first year of Taichang (53 1), Emperor Xiaowu of the Northern Wei sent envoys to sacrifice to Hua Yue, and in August of the second year of Emperor Jingdi of the Southern Dynasty (557), when he drove to Shaanxi, he sent a priest Du Xiao to sacrifice to Hua Yue. The most frequent sacrifice was in the Northern Zhou Dynasty. There was a drought in Baoding, Liang Wudi in the third year (563), and he was ordered to sacrifice to Xiyue in Tongzhou. Two years later, Emperor Wu Tian built another temple and erected a monument. Wan Niu Yujin also wrote an inscription here to commemorate the gods of Xiyue ... This monument also attracted many literati and poets from later generations to leave inscriptions and poems on it with its elegant and unique calligraphy art like butterfly change. But this was in the Tang and Song Dynasties.

More interestingly, in the third year of Baoding in the Northern Zhou Dynasty (563), there was a great drought in the world. When Daxiwu was ordered to sacrifice to Xiyue God, Daxiwu led several people to climb vines and support branches in order to show his piety to Yuexie God, regardless of the rigor of Huashan Mountain and his age of over 60. Because it was getting late, he didn't go down the mountain in time. He stayed in Maocaoshan all night and dreamed of an old man in white. This made Dawu stay away from Yue Shen, offering sacrifices carefully and praying for rain. As a result, it soon began to rain and lifted the drought, and it was awarded by the Zhou Emperor Yuwen Yongjia. This rain is hard to believe, or coincidence, but it tells us that the first person to climb Huashan in the order of sacrifice should be named after Daxiwu of the Northern Zhou Dynasty. Of course, this is based on the materials we have seen.

According to "Scenery under the Peak", "Imperial Road is in the north of the peak, and it is also the road to climb the mountain. Both Emperor Wu of the Han Dynasty and Emperor Xuanzong of the Tang Dynasty have been here because of their names. Today, there are stone mortars on both sides, which were planted at that time to cover risks. " According to this record, both Emperor Wu of the Han Dynasty and Emperor Xuanzong of the Tang Dynasty had been to Huashan at that time, which was the first sound of emperors in past dynasties. It is even more obvious that these two emperors are sincere to Xiyue God. Emperor Wu of the Han Dynasty had the merit of building temples and offering sacrifices to gods in Huashan Mountain, which shows his sincerity of "being good at magic" and whether he really became a "god" later. Although recorded in the ceremony of "Legend of the Immortal", the facts are difficult to test. Tang Xuanzong went to Huashan, but he didn't have time to record it. I wonder if Emperor Xuanzong of the Tang Dynasty braved hardships and went up the mountain to pay tribute to Luna, because he thanked Luna for welcoming and escorting him twice. Or was Huashan God moved by Xuanzong's sincerity to go up the mountain and then greeted the escort? This is another mystery. In a word, Emperor Wu of the Han Dynasty and Emperor Xuanzong of the Tang Dynasty not only witnessed the majestic posture of Huashan Mountain, but also worshipped the Yue God, which was much more affordable than Ming Taizu's sleepwalking in Xiyue. This is another story.