Who knows the legend of Lu Ban? Want to be more detailed!

Lu Ban was an outstanding craftsman and inventor in ancient China. According to legend, he made many inventions in machinery, woodworking tools, civil construction and so on, leaving many touching stories. For more than two thousand years, he has been regarded as the "founder" by folk craftsmen and respected by future generations.

Luban, surnamed Gong Bo, is famous; Also known as public loss, public loss, class loss, Lu style and so on. Because he is a native of Lu, "Xiang" is homophonic with "Ban", which was very common in ancient times, so later generations called him Lu Ban. Lu Ban was born in the third year of Lu (507 BC), and the year of his death is unknown.

Lu Ban lived from the late Spring and Autumn Period to the early Warring States Period, which was a period of great change from slave society to feudal society in China. The development of productive forces created a material foundation for the disintegration of slavery and the establishment of feudal society. The popularization and use of ironware provide unprecedented efficient tools for agriculture and handicraft industry, and greatly improve labor productivity. During this period, the surging resistance and uprising between slaves and civilians dealt a heavy blow to the slave owners and nobles, and their rule declined day by day. The situation that government handicrafts dominated the whole country was finally broken, and private handicrafts and independent individual handicrafts appeared. Many handicraft slaves who have been slaves for generations have been liberated, and they have the freedom to travel and work everywhere and the opportunity to display their talents. Luban may be a slave craftsman who was freed during this period. Lu Ban was born in the family of a generation of craftsmen in Lu State. Influenced and edified by his family, he liked the activities of ancient craftsmen since he was a child, such as machinery manufacturing, handicrafts, civil construction and so on. When he was a child, he took part in many civil engineering jobs with his family. During his work, he humbly consulted experienced masters and their families, learned their advanced technology and experience, and carefully observed their superb operation skills in various jobs. With long-term production practice and his continuous efforts, Luban gradually mastered many skills needed by ancient craftsmen and accumulated very rich practical experience, becoming a famous craftsman at that time.

After 450 BC, Lu Ban came to Chu from Lu to help Chu make weapons. He once created a powerful siege equipment ladder, ready to use it to attack the Song State. To this end, he had a debate with Mozi, a famous scholar at that time, and the two of them launched an exercise to attack and defend the city. Lu Ban tried every means to attack the city, but it was all resolved by Mozi. Mozi advocated making practical production tools to benefit the people and opposed making weapons for war. Lu Ban accepted Mozi's thought, so he devoted himself to various practical technologies such as woodworking tools and machinery, devoted himself to various inventions, and left many beautiful and touching legends and stories.

For example, the story of Lu Ban inventing the saw has been circulated among the people for thousands of years. Legend has it that one year, Luban accepted the task of building a huge palace. The palace needed a lot of wood, so Lu Ban sent his disciples up the mountain to cut down trees. Since there was no saw at that time, his disciples had to use axes to cut, but the efficiency was very low. The craftsmen had to work hard every morning. I'm exhausted. I can't cut down many trees, which is far from meeting the needs of the project. The progress of the project has been delayed again and again. Seeing that the project deadline is getting closer and closer, I am anxious for Luban. To this end, he decided to personally go up the mountain to see the situation of cutting trees. When going up the mountain, he accidentally caught a handful of weeds growing on the mountain, but suddenly cut his hand. Lu Ban wants to know why a grass is so sharp. So he picked a leaf and observed it carefully. He found many small teeth on both sides of the leaf. These little teeth are very sharp when he touches it gently. He knew that his hand had been cut by these small teeth. Later, Lu Ban saw a big locust eating leaves in a meadow. The two large molds are very sharp. As soon as they opened and closed, they quickly ate a big piece. This also aroused Lu Ban's curiosity. He caught a locust and carefully observed the structure of its teeth. He found that locusts also had many small teeth on their two big dies, which were used by locusts to bite grass leaves. These two things left a deep impression on Lu Ban, and also gave him great inspiration. He fell into deep thinking. He thought, if the tool for cutting wood is serrated, isn't it sharp? It will be much easier to cut down trees. So he made a bamboo with many small serrations from a big bamboo, and then went to a small tree to do experiments. The result is really good. After a few quick tugs, the bark was torn, and after a few more tugs, a deep ditch was made in the small tree stem. Luban is very happy. However, bamboo can not be used for a long time because of its softness and poor strength. After pulling for a while, some small serrations are broken and some are dull, so it is necessary to replace bamboo. This affects the speed of cutting down trees, and it is also a great waste to use too many bamboo chips. It seems that bamboo is not suitable for making sawtooth, so we should find a material with higher strength and hardness to replace it. At this time, Lu Ban thought of the iron sheet. So they immediately went down the mountain, and the blacksmith helped to make small serrated iron pieces, and then went up the mountain to continue their practice. Lu Ban and his apprentice each pulled one end and pulled it up on a tree. I saw them coming and going, and soon I sawed off the tree, which was quick and labor-saving, and the saw was invented. Before Luban, many people must have been cut off by Mo Ye. Why only Luban was inspired by it and invented the saw is undoubtedly worthy of our consideration. Most people just think that this is a trivial matter in life and it is not worth making a fuss about. After the wound heals, they tend to forget it. However, Lu Ban has strong curiosity and correct ideas. He paid great attention to observing, thinking and delving into some small things in life, from which he found ways and ideas to solve problems and even obtained some creative inventions. This tells us a truth. Paying attention to many trivial things in life and thinking seriously will increase a lot of wisdom. After inventing the saw, Lu Ban invented many woodworking tools, which are recorded in ancient books.

In his long-term woodworking practice, Lu Ban often has to deal with wood and found many technical problems that can be improved. For example, how to make the board smooth was not well solved before Luban, which affected the further improvement of woodworking technology. According to the needs of work, Luban invented the planer after repeated experiments. With this tool, uneven wood can be planed and unsmooth wood can be ground, which is very helpful to improve hydraulic technology. Others, such as drills (tools for punching holes), shovels, chisels, Mo Dou (tools used by carpenters to draw lines) and rulers, are said to have been invented by Lu Ban. Among them, the bending ruler, later called Lu Banchi, was used by carpenters to make right angles, and it is still used by carpenters today. These woodworking tools invented by Lu Ban had a great influence at that time, which liberated many carpenters from heavy manual labor and doubled the labor productivity. At the same time, the technical level of woodworking craftsmen has been greatly improved, which has changed the backward situation that many craftsmen used to operate by hand and experience in the past, so that many aspects of woodworking technology can use relatively simple tools to improve the technical level and quality. Lu Ban received support and help from his family, especially his mother and wife, in the invention and creation of woodworking tools. For example, when Lu Ban was doing carpentry and settling accounts with Mo Dou, his mother pulled one end of the chalk line and he pulled the other end to settle accounts. It is inconvenient for him to need his mother's help every time he puts on the Mo Dou Line, and Lu Ban also feels it necessary to find a way to solve this problem. Later, after his continuous exploration and repeated experiments in production practice, Lu Ban designed a small hook and tied it to one end of the wood, so that when paying off, he could hook one end of the wood with this small hook instead of the original manual operation, and only one person was needed. From now on, you don't have to ask your mother to help you play the chalk line. Later, the carpenter called this small hook "half wood" to commemorate his mother's help. Another example, planing wood, people call it "class wife." It is said that this is because in the past, when Luban planed wood, his wife held the wood. Later, when he invented the bayonet, he didn't need his wife's help.

According to historical records, Lu Ban also invented the stone mill. Since mankind entered the agricultural society, it has become a tedious job for people to remove chaff and break beans and wheat. To this end, the broad masses of working people have made long-term exploration and unremitting efforts. It is said that people began to crush or crush grains with stones 6000 years ago, and more than 4000 years ago, people invented a rice milling tool called "Chu Jiu". This tool consists of two parts, one is called "pestle", which is a gun made of wood or other materials; The other part is called "mortar", which is to cut a round hole in the stone. In operation, put the rice into a mortar and mash it with a pestle. Compared with crushing grain directly with stones, this device has made great progress, but there are still many defects, such as time-consuming, only a small amount of spring grain can be crushed at a time; It's laborious. Spring is done by hand, and it is inevitable that the back will be sore and backache after a long time. Therefore, people urgently hope to have a simple mechanical device to replace manual tamping. Born in a working family, Lu Ban knows the needs and sufferings of ordinary people very well, so he is determined to solve this problem. To this end, he often observes and thinks in the practice of people's daily life in order to find a solution to the problem. Later, inspired by the wisdom of the working people, through his efforts, Lu Ban finally invented a simpler and more practical abrasive tool. He used two relatively hard and thick boulders to cut out dense shallow grooves, put them together, and turned them over by manpower or animal power, so that he could grind grains and wheat into powder. This is the stone mill that has been widely used in the vast rural areas of China for more than two thousand years. The appearance of stone mill is a great progress of ancient grain processing tools in China. It turns Chu Jiu's up-and-down movement into rotary movement, and Chu Jiu's intermittent work into continuous work, which can be driven by animal power, greatly reducing labor intensity and improving production efficiency. Since then, grinding grain into powder is no longer a very heavy labor, but a simple daily operation, which has played a very beneficial role in improving the lives of ordinary people.

Lu Ban is also an outstanding mechanical inventor, who invented and created a variety of simple mechanical devices. For example, Lu Ban made great improvements to ancient locks. Lock appeared in the Zhou Dynasty in the slave society of China, which was shaped like a fish, with simple structure and poor security. After Luban's improvement, its shape and structure have changed greatly. The locking mechanism is inside, but there is no trace outside. Only with the help of the prepared key can it be opened, which is very safe and practical and can replace people to watch. According to historical records, Lu Ban once made a wooden bird out of bamboo, which could fly into the sky with the help of wind, but Wang Tian did not land, which caused great vibration at that time. There is also a legend that Luban was once made into a motorized wooden chariot and horse. The wooden chariots and horses were driven by "Woodenhead" and equipped with various mechanisms. It was not until the Han Dynasty that they could walk on the road automatically. Many skilled craftsmen in later generations, such as Ma Jun, a mechanical inventor in the Three Kingdoms, Qu Chun in the Jin Dynasty, Zhao Ling in the Northern Qi Dynasty, Ma Shifeng in the Tang Dynasty, and Huang Lvzhuang in the Qing Dynasty, were all influenced by this legend and studied and discussed wooden chariots and horses. History also records that Lu Ban once made a device called "mechanical seal", which can be buried mechanically. People are admired for their superb skills, but due to the prevalence of thick burial at that time, this method has not been implemented. In terms of weapons, hooks and ladders are commonly used weapons in the late Spring and Autumn Period. According to historical records, Lu Ban once changed the hook into a "strong hook" weapon for boat warfare, and the Chu army used this weapon to fight the Vietnamese army in a water war, which played a great role. The ship can hook when it retreats and block when it advances. Offensive and defensive, quite powerful. Luban also transformed the ladder into a ladder that can stand in the air, which is very effective for crossing the city wall and capturing the city. In sculpture and architecture, Lu Ban also made many inventions and contributions.

According to ancient records, Lu Ban once carved a "map of Kyushu" on a stone, which may be the earliest map of stone carving in China. The story of Lu Ban carving a phoenix is recorded in Liezi's New Theory on Knowing People, from which we can learn the spirit of Lu Ban's hard work and innovation. Legend has it that once, Luban carved a phoenix. Before he finished carving it, someone looked at it and sneered, "The phoenix you carved is nothing like it, its head is nothing like it, and its body is nothing like it." Luban was angry, but he didn't lose heart and stopped working. He is determined to answer others' satire with his own practical actions. So, he studied harder, studied hard, and finally carved the phoenix into a sculpture through his unremitting efforts. The phoenix he carved is vivid and lifelike, which won everyone's praise. Those who have laughed at him have to admire Lu Ban's superb skills and hard work. Historical records also record that he once made a pedestal for installing knockers, which was also well received by people. Lu Ban's wife is also an excellent craftsman. According to historical records, the umbrella was invented by her. Over the years, she saw Lu Ban and many craftsmen building houses outside. It's often windy and rainy, and the sun is shining. Nothing can shelter them from the wind and rain. It's hard. So she is determined to help them solve this problem. She racked her brains and experimented repeatedly, and finally made an umbrella to take with her when she went out on business, so that no matter where she went, she would not be attacked by wind and rain.

Today, umbrellas are still an indispensable tool in people's daily life. There are many stories and legends about Lu Ban's invention and creation, which have been circulated among the people for thousands of years. Although these legends and stories are not necessarily true, they express people's admiration and nostalgia for Lu Ban and praise the wisdom of ancient craftsmen in China. Luban is now regarded as the embodiment of the superb skills of ancient craftsmen and a symbol of the hard work and wisdom of our working people.