Wuxi fortune teller _ Wuxi fortune teller

Wuxi folk celebrities

The rhyme of Huishan female Taoist priest Wuxi female Taoist priest is little known. One is Bian Yujing, who lived in colorful Qinhuai in the late Ming Dynasty. She died in the Ming Dynasty from Nanjing to Wuxi and became a monk in Zuotuo Temple in the eastern suburbs. She died of old age in the temple, and her bones were buried in the backyard, saying that her tomb was at the foot of Huishan II Mao Feng. Second, in the late Qianlong period of the Qing Dynasty, he was both talented and handsome, able to write good poems and good at calligraphy and painting. When he was a child, he entered Huishan Shuangxiu Temple.

Yunxiang, surnamed Wang, famous Jinglian and Yunxiang, was loved by her parents since childhood. As the fortune teller said, her parents sent her to Shuangxiu Temple because she was weak and ill. The old lady in buddhist nun also likes rhyme and fragrance. She/Kloc-started to be taught to read and write poems at the age of 0/2, and gained a lot in lower case letters and painting art, and became slim as an adult. Her name is Taoist Yujing, and she has been totally honest all her life, and she is the author of The Collection of Elegant Rooms.

Her paintings are all small sectors, only a few by Zhu Lan, which are elegant and vivid. Those who win are regarded as fine products, and those who seek painting are increasingly popular. Villains and hooligans in Huishan area also come to ask for paintings and books, and even those who come to borrow money should politely decline.

Yun Xiang is sincere with Gao Gu, a talented scholar in the south of the Yangtze River. (1763- 183 1), the word seal stone, and the word Zhai, qingfen. Zhang Jingqiao, a native of Wuxi County, was the number one scholar in Jiaqing six years (180 1). At the beginning, he was awarded the official academician courtyard. He studied politics in Guizhou, and then took the provincial examinations in Shuntian, Zhejiang and other places as the examiner. Finally, I went to the left assistant minister of the household department. Gao Gu's personality is peaceful, and his poems, essays, books and paintings are excellent. Dissatisfied with the dirty officialdom, Daoguang returned to his hometown of Wuxi for eight years (1828) under the pretext of illness. After that, he studied painting behind closed doors and rarely interacted with people. He is good at drawing orchids and bamboos, and Wuxi Museum has a picture of his bamboo stone. The picture is quiet and elegant, clear and tall, with poems on it. He and Yun Xiang are both painting friends and bosom friends. They often comment on paintings in "Qingfen Jingshe" and talk about ancient and modern times. Yunxiang exhibited paper and painted Chinese cymbidium, and Gao Gu often raised a pen to add bamboo poles; Rhyme fragrant painting bamboo, high ancient painting poems.

The orchids and bamboos of Yun Xiang and Koko are fresh and beautiful, vigorous and straight, which can be both enjoyable and vivid. The feelings between them are like mountains and rivers. They are really sincere in discussing knowledge and life together.

After winning the first prize in Gaogu Middle School, he left Wuxi to work in the Imperial Academy in Beijing. When he left, Koko said goodbye to Yun Xiang, and Yun Xiang and Koko were reluctant to part. Yun Xiang knew that if we left, we might never see each other again. Therefore, she was inexplicably disappointed, dejected and heartbroken. She hesitated several times, but in the end she said nothing. She said goodbye mercilessly. She only secretly prayed in her heart: "I wish you farewell today and hope you will come back soon ..." At that time, secular prejudice and traditional moral concepts doomed their unfriendly fate.

In the 9th year of Jiaqing (1804), Yun Xiang asked the painter Xi Tiesheng to draw a picture of an empty mountain listening to the rain. She invited scholars, poets and calligraphers at that time to write poems after painting. Finally, more than 500 people wrote poems and lyrics on the screen, which became the treasure of the art garden. Who knows that in the early years of Daoguang (182 1), Sun Erzhun, a bureaucrat in Ren Lei, Wuxi, sent someone to borrow an atlas from Yunxiang. After Sun Erzhun lied to him, he refused to return it, and later even claimed that the map was lost. After the loss of "Listening to the Rain in an Empty Mountain", the five flavors of rhyme, fragrance, sadness and anger are mixed, and they are unhappy all day long. What's more, a gang of hooligans created rumors between Yun Xiang and Gogo, often threatened Yun Xiang with foul language, and often extorted money from them, making Yun Xiang miserable.

Gossip, slander, illness and insult made Yunxiang unable to live any longer. Coupled with the distance from bosom friends, I finally had to commit suicide to fight against the dark society. He died at the age of 49 and was buried in Mao Feng.

According to historical records, in the twenty-third year of Jiaqing (18 18), at the age of 40, Yunxiang published her own poem with the title of "Qingfen Jingshe Collection" and signed it "Xishan Women History King". After her death, "listening to the rain in an empty mountain" also lived in the dust for more than 30 years. Tongzhi three years (1864) was acquired by Wuxi Shen, and this remnant volume was bound into three volumes. In the autumn of the third year of Guangxu (1877), Ye Lantai made up the fourth picture, drawing a rhyme and an image. In the same year, it was bound into a huge volume.

Later, this painting was transferred to Wuxi calligraphy and painting collector Tao Xinhua. 1963 Autumn, these four supplementary albums were dedicated to Wu Xun Museum. In addition, Wuxi Museum also has rhyme-scented sketches "Moran Map" and "Blue Smoke Map". Ding, a folk clay sculpture artist, moved to Wuxi from Kunshan, Taicang, Songjiang and Suzhou Liuwei in the late Ming and early Qing Dynasties. Influenced by the play, Huishan clay sculpture artists created many clay sculptures reflecting the types of Kunqu opera, and Huishan clay figurines entered the "hand-kneading drama period". There are two or three people in each seat, and eight seats are a set. The content of operas can be divided into two categories: one is Kunqu Opera, which was created by Ding around the sixth year of Xianfeng in Qing Dynasty (1856); The other is Peking Opera, which was created by Zhou Asheng around the fourth year of Tongzhi (1865). Ding and Jin were both influenced by Zhu Gusheng, an artist who shaped the Buddha statue at that time, so their operas had neat faces and meticulous costumes. There is such a proverb among people in Ding and Tuesday: "If you want a fairy, go find a sheng;" If you want a play, ask Ah Kin. " It can be seen that Zhou Shan's story of pinching immortals and Ding's operas are more accomplished.

Ding, whose real name is Ding Lanting, was born in a farmhouse at the foot of Huishan. He had a difficult childhood. He and his brother Ding Futing play clay figurines in Huishan and sell some clay figurines in their spare time.

Ding not only studied hard in artistic practice, but also went deep into life. At that time, as long as he heard that there was a performance, he quickly went to see it, and every show would come. After watching it, I also took the actor to ask questions to understand the plot and the expression and action. In order to be familiar with the actors' performances, he often helps the troupe to build and dismantle the stage, live with the actors, so as to get close to the background and learn the images, expressions, costumes, props, weapons and other knowledge of the characters in each play. Sometimes, he also asked the actors to put on airs and pinch them. Because of Ding's meticulous observation and profound experience, his opera works are lively and lifelike. The hats, flags, jewelry, clothes belts, flags, umbrellas, war games, fans, cups and plates held by the characters are all beautifully made, which makes people fondle them, thus developing Wuxi clay sculpture art.

Please take the main road "and folk customs.

Wuxi old customs always greet "Lu Tou" and invite "Lu Tou" during the Spring Festival or when there is a wedding celebration. The pick-up and invitation for the Spring Festival is on the fifth day of the first month. According to legend, this day is the birthday of God Reuters, hoping to get the blessing of God of Wealth and get rich.

On the fifth day of the first month, from the fifth watch, people beat gongs and set off firecrackers to pick up the road in order to gain first. The sooner you mention it in the future, the sooner you worry that the "Road God of Wealth" will be picked up by others. So in the end, someone picked up the road head on the fourth night of the first month. Someone once wrote such a poem to describe people's mood: "God of Wealth asks for it in five days and is willing to reward it for one year;" Beware of meeting God early elsewhere and grabbing the road overnight. "

On the fifth morning, we usually only eat fried rice cakes and shepherd's purse noodles, which are called road head cakes and road head noodles. In the past, shops paid special attention to receiving roadside wine on the fifth day of the first month, because businessmen were superstitious about roadside and hoped to make a fortune. On this day, the store mainly invited all the guys to eat roadside wine, and everyone must come. When you pour wine at the banquet, you should also fill it up, which shows that you are rich. If the clerk is going to be fired, the shopkeeper hinted when he was eating "Road Head" wine. The method of suggestion is unique. When the shopkeeper takes food from the waiter, if he gives the chicken head to someone, the clerk will know that several stores mainly dismiss themselves. After drinking, he resigned voluntarily, and the owner acquiesced in his resignation. This custom is called "eating the head of a chicken".

Before the Qing Dynasty, most shops in Wuxi had to eat "Reuters" wine to open a shop. After the mid-Qing Dynasty, shopkeepers began to open stores slowly from the third day in order to win more business during the Spring Festival.

The customs of "taking the road head" and "inviting the road head" are particularly popular in Wuxi, which is of course due to Wuxi's developed industry and commerce, but it also has its special origins. Reuters is also known as the Five-Way God of Wealth. In fact, the first five roads were not the God of Wealth, but Wu He Road, a righteous man who died in Wuxi in the thirty-third year of Jiajing in Ming Dynasty (1554). 1554, the Japanese invaders invaded Wuxi, and Wuxi was built under the leadership of the magistrate of a county, and the people organized an army to resist the enemy. For example, the kiln workers in the south gate organized "kiln soldiers"; Porters organized "infantry"; Hunters form "crossbowmen"; Vegetable farmers and fruit farmers form "garden soldiers"; The woodcutter formed a "firewood soldier"; Even monks formed "monk soldiers" to participate in the war. Zhang Shoujing, a student from Guo Jian, spent all his money, recruited more than 65,438+000 people, and established an uprising army under the command of Wu He Road and Miaozibai.

After the enemy besieged the city, they stormed day and night, and the soldiers and civilians guarding the city guarded the edge of the city, waiting for an opportunity to attack. On the eighth day of the fifth lunar month in A.D. 1554, the army and civilians in the city, led by Zhang Shoujing, Lu and Miao, went out to meet the Japanese army. They fought their way out by boat from Xishuiguan. Out of the west gate, there was not an enemy. Just then, it happened that it was raining heavily and the armor of the rebels was soaked. Just as it was preparing to return to the city, suddenly the enemy ambushed and pounced on the rebels. The rebels fought in a hurry in the rain. The battle was fierce, and how 36 people died heroically in this battle.

The magistrate of a county king died because 36 people, including Dao, bravely defended Wuxi, so he set up a statue in the east corner of the county government to worship. The reason why the statue is only standing on the side is because He Wulu and others are ordinary people and have no fame. According to feudal rule, it cannot be placed in the main hall. To commemorate Wu He Road, Wuxi people also set up Reuters Hall beside the city gate to offer sacrifices. At first, the portrait of He Wulu was posted in Reuters Hall, and he was poured wine on holidays. Later, He Lu Wu was misinformed and deified, calling him the Five-way God of Wealth, and evolved into the image of the Five-way God of Wealth. In this way, Wu He Road became the God of Wealth. For more than 400 years, Wuxi people have been asking for directions, which is the origin.

Wuxi people's Chinese New Year customs have various names, some of which have been passed down to this day and all have their historical evolution.

On the first day of the Lunar New Year, people set off firecrackers. This wind originated in ancient times. People burn bamboo and drive away evil with the sound of explosion. It was not until the Song Dynasty that paper firecrackers were set off at the beginning of the year, which is said to solve the epidemic. Nowadays, people regard setting off firecrackers as good luck.

In the past, the entertainment activities of rural teenagers in Wuxi during the Spring Festival were shuttlecock kicking and cockfighting. Shuttlecock kicking began in the Tang Dynasty, winning by kicking more and kicking higher. Skilled people can also kick out magpies, golden dragons, lions and hydrangeas. Cockfighting is dominated by teenagers, each of whom pulls his left foot with his right hand and jumps at each other. Cockfighting was popular in the Warring States period, but there was a big cock with a high crown and a high tail, which was fun for everyone to watch.

The first half of the first month is a sleepless festival, also called Shangyuan Festival. On this morning, every household in urban and rural areas will eat fried rice cakes or glutinous rice balls with shepherd's purse. In the evening, farmers should pick out all the rubbish accumulated from the first day of the lunar new year to the first half of the first month, and then burn it with firewood. If the fire burns brightly, it means that the family can have a bumper harvest this year. In the evening, the family will have a reunion dinner together. After dinner, young and middle-aged men form a dragon lantern team to dance dragon lanterns. Men, women and children in the village, especially children, went out to watch it one after another, which was very lively. In the city, after dinner, people light all kinds of lanterns and go to the temple to spend the Lantern Festival with gongs and drums. On this day, green olives are added to the teahouse to make tea, which is called olive tea, also called Yuanbao tea.

In the old society, the custom of "walking three bridges" prevailed in Wuxi County. In the middle of the first month, when the lights are on, housewives who live in seclusion put on new clothes and go out for a walk. They will walk three bridges in a row, such as Sanfeng Bridge to Dashiqiao, and then take the iron bridge to the north gate. Saying "take three bridges" can avoid a year's illness.

New Year's greetings and New Year's Eve dinners are a hot spot for people, and the "ring of fire" for drinking at the dinner table is the most lively. If you guess wrong, you will be punished for drinking, which will lead to laughter all over the house. According to historical records, it was originally a kind of opera to persuade wine to entertain, which was called "Liquor Order" in Han Dynasty and later evolved into "Fire Circle".

Wuxi people must eat some fish when having dinner with relatives and friends, so as to wish them more than a year. But there is an interesting rumor. One year before the Anti-Japanese War, Simon Peng had a cloth shop owner who went to Fuyang, Anhui Province as a long-distance passenger. The host brought the fish tank to the table and filled it with red juice. When the boss put down the chopsticks, the fish was hard and motionless. A closer look shows that it is a wooden fish with the words "One Year of Kangxi" engraved on it. Only then did I know that Fuyang has the custom of not eating fish during the New Year. This shows that the custom of the Spring Festival is completely different.

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