Fortune-telling with flat feet _ What is the fate of people with flat feet?

What are the symptoms of flat feet (commonly known as foot stars)?

How to prevent flat feet

Flat feet mean that the arch of the foot disappears. The arch of foot is composed of foot bone and ligament muscle. Normally, it has a transverse arch and a longitudinal arch. The small bones of human feet are arched to form an arch. When the human body is standing, walking and carrying loads, the feet are not fully loaded, mainly the metatarsals and heels. The arch of the foot is often suspended to cushion the vibration, protect the brain and internal organs, and make people have good elasticity. If the structure forming the arch is underdeveloped or due to various injuries, the arch disappears and flat feet are formed. Some of them are hereditary. Some flat feet have no discomfort, and some have pain, which affects walking.

Prevention is the key to flat feet. Those who have a family history of flat feet should be prevented from childhood. They don't wear flat shoes, high heels, and don't put pads in the middle of their shoes. Don't go too far at ordinary times, the load is too heavy. Foot structural dysplasia, such as short first metatarsal, long scaphoid tubercle, accessory scaphoid, congenital toe valgus, etc. It is also easy to cause flat feet, and the above measures should be taken to prevent it. Teenagers should pay attention to nutrition and rest, and avoid standing and walking for too long and carrying too much weight. Patients with flat feet can strengthen plantar muscle exercise, flex the plantar, and let the outer edge of the plantar walk on the ground for 5 minutes, several times a day.

You also need to wear flat shoes to correct it. The heel and middle of the sole should be slightly narrower to make the heel more fixed and prevent the heel from swinging when walking. The medial part of the sole (i.e. the arch of the foot) is 5 ~ 10 mm thicker than the lateral part, so that the foot is slightly turned inward to prevent the foot from sinking inward from the bone, and the load line moves from the inner edge of the foot to the outer edge of the foot. Similar insole pads also have a good effect in shoes.

Seeing the term "flat feet", some young friends will think otherwise: isn't flat feet just flat feet? What big impact will such a small change in body structure have on health?

This view is not comprehensive. Flat feet mean the collapse of the arch, that is, the normal arch structure is destroyed, so the elasticity of the foot will decrease or disappear, resulting in the inability to walk or stand for a long time. At the same time, due to the flattening of the sole of the foot, the support of the lower limbs to the whole body is obviously reduced, and the center of gravity of the body is biased to the inside, thus forcing the functions of the whole body and the spine to change. Therefore, small feet will still have obvious adverse effects on people's health, especially physical strength and endurance.

Why do good archways collapse? There are many reasons.

Congenital bone hypoplasia is one of the causes of arch collapse. These teenagers usually have a short first metatarsal, a long second metatarsal, or a poorly developed scaphoid, so their muscle support is very low and their ligaments are unstable. There are also some teenagers with flat feet who have a family history. Their ligaments and muscles are underdeveloped, or their hereditary heel keys are too short to bear a little weight, that is, their arches collapse, and most of the time they just learn to walk.

Improper load-bearing of & ltbr & gt causes ligament strain of arch, which is another reason for arch collapse. Standing on hard ground for a long time; Rural teenagers take part in manual labor too early, and their negative weight exceeds their arch load capacity; Sudden participation in hiking and other activities without training; Obesity or overweight; Often wear too narrow or high heels. , and often cause flat feet.

Poor physique is also an important cause of arch collapse. Such as tuberculosis, rheumatism, heart disease and some chronic wasting diseases. It often causes muscular dystrophy and atrophy, and the ligaments are slender and slack, which also leads to a slight load. Walking a long distance will cause the arch of the foot to collapse. The incidence of flatfoot is also high among the "dysplasia syndrome" teenagers with slender figure and muscle weakness.

Adolescence is the highest stage of flat feet. The reason is that the height and weight of teenagers are suddenly increasing at this time; At the peak of the sudden increase, the height can be increased by 10 ~ 15 cm, the weight can be increased by 8 ~ 10 kg, and the negative weight of the body is greatly increased within one year. However, the development of muscles (especially foot muscles) often lags behind 1 ~ 2 years. In other words, the increase of arch load and the growth of the body often have an uncomfortable period. At this time, if the load is too heavy or the static activity time (such as standing) is too long, the balance between weight and muscle strength to maintain the arch will be lost, resulting in the collapse of the arch. Of course, those teenagers who often engage in physical exercise rarely have flat feet.

In order to effectively prevent and treat flatfoot, we should first try to eliminate all kinds of living environment factors that are easy to cause ligament strain and muscle fatigue of the foot. For example, when standing or walking for a long time, take a proper rest or change your posture in the middle; Teenagers who are not fully developed should avoid taking part in overloaded labor (such as carrying heavy objects) and sports (such as weightlifting); People without proper exercise should not suddenly take part in long-distance walking, especially avoid walking on hard cement and asphalt pavement for a long time; Teenagers with flat feet soak their feet in hot water 10 ~ 15 minutes before going to bed every day, and massage immediately after soaking their feet to promote blood circulation and accelerate the recovery of arch fatigue.

Strengthening foot muscle exercise everywhere in daily life is the most important preventive measure. For example, when walking barefoot on soft ground such as beach or grass, try to make the outer edge of the sole touch the ground and make the toes flex; You can also walk barefoot on the inclined plate; Try to stand on your toes or arch your back; Roll the board with the sole of your foot; Hold the shot put with the instep, or practice grasping the round marbles with your toes to exercise your foot muscles.

In addition, we should take an active part in physical exercise, especially strengthening leg lifts and jumping activities (such as skipping rope, long jump, high jump and vertical take-off). ) and climbing activities such as ribs, ladders, balance beams, ropes and poles. ) to fully exercise the muscles and ligaments of the arch. Some experts also argue that we should try to practice dancing on tiptoe, or jump rope on tiptoe, so as to strengthen the toughness of the arch ligament and the tight contraction of the foot muscles and help restore the collapsed arch.

Wearing the right shoes is of great significance to prevent flat feet. The size of the shoes should be appropriate, and the toe should be large, so that the toes have enough room to move; The waist of the shoe (near the ankle) should be harder to protect the internal arch and prevent the calcaneus from valgus; The sole should be thicker, and the heel should be 1.5 ~ 2.0 cm high, so that the weight load can be distributed to all fulcrums of the arch as much as possible to reduce the pressure on the arch.

Teenagers with moderate or above flat feet had better wear special flat foot corrective shoes. This kind of shoes has the following characteristics: the heel and arch are narrow; The heel part clings to the heel through the upper to prevent it from swinging left and right; The lateral side of the sole is thick and the medial side is thin, and the height difference is about 2 ~ 3mm；; The heel extends from the inside to the scaphoid, which is about 5 mm thicker than the outside. The advantage of this kind of corrective shoe is that it artificially supports the collapsed arch and makes the calcaneus slightly varus. This "overcorrection" is precisely to prevent the foot from sinking into the bone, so that the load-bearing line of the human body moves from the inner edge of the foot to the outer edge to rebuild the arch of the foot.

Teenagers who don't want to wear flat-footed corrective shoes can also try aluminum steel (or leather) foot pads, which have the same effect as corrective shoes. At present, there are special slippers with steel foot pads on the market, which are suitable for indoor activities. If used with corrective shoes, the effect will of course be better.