Seeking ancient astronomical terms

Classification: Education/Science >> Science and Technology

Analysis:

In ancient times, constellations were called stars. Du Fu's "Long rain can't reach General Wang": "Animals are like flying stars, and strings can't hinder the height of Cangshan." The ancients often thought that people with fame in the world were the reincarnation of the stars in the sky. The fourth note of the major scale

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The original meaning of Dongxixi is the sun and sunshine. Xu Shiyun: Sunrise follows the ecliptic, and the stars lead the green flag. According to ancient legend, the name of the sun god is Xihe, and he is flying in the sky in six cars drawn by horned dragons. Things refer to the rising sun. "Promoting weaving": "Dong Jia, lying stiff and worrying for a long time." "Xi in the east is driving" means that the sun in the east has come out. 5"'

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The nickname of the moon is the most prominent description object of natural objects mentioned in ancient poems. Its nicknames can be divided into:; n3:F

(1) Because the first month is like a hook, it is called a silver hook and a jade hook. E90b

(2) Because the string moon is like a bow, it is called jade bow and bow moon. +NN

(3) The full moon is called golden wheel, jade wheel, silver plate, jade plate, golden mirror and jade mirror because it is like a wheel, a plate and a mirror. \

(4) It is said that there are rabbits and toads on the moon, so they are called silver rabbits, jade rabbits, golden toads, silver toads and the moon. 3f.jym

(5) According to legend, there are laurel trees in the middle of the month, so they are called Gui Yue, Guilun, Guigong and Guiling. H#

(6) According to legend, there are two palaces in the middle of the month, namely Guanghan Palace and Qingxu Palace, so they are called Guanghan Palace and Qingxu Palace. Ux8

(7) Because it is said that the moon drives the gods, it is called Wang Shu. ^P[)

Because Chang 'e is said to live in the middle of the month, the moon is called Chang 'e.

(9) Because people often compare beautiful women to the moon, they call the moon Chanjuan. Fu {h.h.

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Five stars are Mercury, Venus, Mars, Jupiter and Saturn. These five stars were originally called Chen Xing, Taibai, Huo Ying, Suixing and Zhenxing, which is also the common name of these five stars in ancient times. These five stars are called golden wood fire, water and earth, which are produced by matching five elements on the ground with five planets in the sky. Historical records? According to the official book, "There are five stars in the sky and five elements on the ground." Venus, an ancient star, is too noisy and white. The light color is silvery white and the brightness is particularly strong. Besides the sun and the moon, it is the brightest celestial body in the sky, and it is brighter than Sirius when it is brightest. Venus is called Qi Ming in the East at dawn and Chang Gung Memorial in the West at dusk. "Poetry? Xiaoya? Dadong said, "There is Qi Ming in the East and Chang Gung Memorial in the West. "Jupiter, called the year-old or the year-old, some people think that the year-old word in Oracle Bone Inscriptions refers to the year-old star. The ancients associated Jupiter's cycle with farming, probably because Jupiter and the sun have similar activity cycles. Jupiter orbits the sky once every twelve years, twelve times a year, hence the name "Follow the Star". And the sub-names of the stars are used as the standard of chronology. Mercury, the ancient name of this star, is closest to the sun and always seems to swing on both sides of the sun, and the farthest distance from the sun is no more than 30 degrees. In ancient China, a week was divided into twelve days, each day was about 30 degrees, so Mercury was called a star. Mars, an ancient name. It is named for its red light. The movement of Mars in the sky, sometimes from west to east, sometimes from east to west, is very chaotic, hence the name. Saturn, the star of ancient town. Saturn orbits the sky once every twenty-eight years and enters one of the twenty-eight lodges every year, which is called Nianzhen Night, just like sitting in the twenty-eight lodges in turn, hence the name True Star. /A)oG

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The ancients combined the sun, the moon and the five stars into one, collectively called the sun, the moon and the five stars, and collectively called the seven houses. "History? "Yao Dian" records that "in Yu Heng, Zheng". Legend of the God of Wealth in Song Dynasty: "Seven strategies, the sun, the moon and the five stars. Seven runs in the sky, late and fast. Jews have political affairs. "The sun, the moon and the five stars are also called seven latitudes or seven obsidians. JEdr` & amp

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Twenty-eight Hostels, also known as Twenty-eight Houses or Twenty-eight Stars, is a 28-star area divided by the ancients to observe the movement of the sun, the moon and the five stars, which is used to explain the position of the sun, the moon and the five stars. There are several stars every night. The names of the Twenty-eight Hostels are arranged from west to east as follows: Black Dragon Seven Hostels (Jiao, Kang, Bian, Fang, Xin, Wei and Ji); Seven nights in North Xuanwu (barrels, cows, women, emptiness, danger, houses and walls); Seven nights of western white tiger (kui, Lou, stomach, Chang, Bi, Gou, Shen); South Suzaku seven nights (well, ghost, willow, star, Zhang, wing, Zhu). Song of Taiye Pool in Tang Dynasty: "In the middle of the night, Yinhan communicated with Bailiang and returned to Yutang in the 28th night." Zhang Zirong's "Regretting Le Cheng Wei Ri Zuo" "Hometown can be remembered, referring to the bullfighting west." Bullfighting here means fighting and staying with cows for two nights. Liu Yuxi's poem: "The geese are startled at night, and the flags flutter and touch the stars." Describe an earth-shattering scene in which a soldier sets out. The stars are the night. ]ee

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Four Elephants The ancients imagined seven nights in the east, north, west and south as four animal images, which were called four elephants. Seven nights in the east, like a flying dragon in the air at the end of spring and early summer, is called the black dragon and the east official. The seven nights in the north appear as snakes and turtles in the night sky in summer and early autumn, so it is called Beiguan Xuanwu; The seven-night tiger in the west jumps out of the night sky in late autumn and early winter, so it is called Xiguan White Tiger. Seven nights in Nanguan is like a suzaku spreading its wings and flying, appearing in the night sky in winter and early spring, so it is called Nanguan suzaku. = 3TS

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Ancient astronomers called it the division between the starry sky and the ground country. Specifically, it is to regard a star as the dividing line of a country, a star as the dividing line of a state, or conversely, regard a country as the dividing line of a star and a state as the dividing line of a star. For example, Wang Bo's Preface to Wang Tengting: "Zhang Yu is the old county, and Hongdu is the new house. The stars spread their wings and meet Lu Heng. " In other words, Nanchang, Jiangxi is located on the dividing line between Yisu and Suye. Li Bai's Songs of Harmony? Difficult to get through the Shu Road: panting, brushing Orion, crossing the well star, then, holding your chest with your hands and groaning, you collapsed to the ground. Betelgeuse is the dividing line between Yizhou (now Sichuan) and Yongzhou (now most of Shaanxi and Gansu), and the Shu Road spans Yizhou and Yongzheng. Visiting a well means that Shu Dao is on the extremely high mountains of Yi and Yong countries, and people have to raise their heads and touch the stars in the sky to reach it. (D'^

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The Milky Way, also known as Han Yin, Tianhe, Tianhan, Xinghan and Han Yun, is a milky bright belt across the sky, which consists of more than 1000 billion stars. Cao Cao's "Watching the Sea": "Star Han is brilliant, if it is out of its territory." Chen Ziang bid farewell to his friends in the spring night: "The bright moon hides tall trees, but the long river is unknown." Su Shi's "Yangguan Qu": "The twilight clouds are all cold, and the silver and the Han silently turn to the jade plate." Qin Guan's "Queqiao Fairy": "Thin clouds are smart, flying stars spread grievances, and silver and Han are dark." 5|S

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The Big Dipper, also known as the Big Dipper, refers to seven bright stars arranged in a bucket (or spoon) shape in the northern sky. The names of these seven stars are: Shu Tian, Tian Xuan, Tianji, Tianquan, Yuheng, Kaiyang and Yaoguang. Arranged like a bucket, it is called "Beidou". According to the Big Dipper, the North Star can be found, so it is also called "Pointing Star". Qu Yuan's "Nine Songs": "If you hold an arc, you will fall. Help Beidou to drink cinnamon pulp." Nineteen ancient poems: "Yuheng refers to Meng Dong, and the stars are vivid." Yuheng is the fifth star in the Big Dipper. In the story of Xiaoshitang, it is described as "fighting with the snake", which twists and turns like the curve of the Big Dipper. ? ! ov#

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The name of the highest day in ancient times refers to the handle of the Big Dipper. Taoism believes that there are thirty-six highest sun stars and seventy-two earth stars in the Big Dipper. The novel "Water Margin" is influenced by this statement, describing Liang Shanpo 108 uprising leaders as the birth of the highest day star and the earth star. D/

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The ancient astronomers in China specially named each star of the Big Dipper, especially called the four stars of the bucket α, β, γ and δ "Kui". Wei Xiao is the legendary Wenquxing. Li Yong's words: "Chang Geng is cold and crooked, and Wen Qu is dull and lifeless." The ancients thought it was the god in charge of exams. Moreover, in ancient times, people who thought the articles were well written and were hired as big officials by the court were all literary stars. Ketopromethasone

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The name Polaris is a symbol of the northern sky. Ancient astronomers admired Polaris very much, thinking that it was fixed and all the stars revolved around it. In fact, due to precession, Polaris is also changing. Three thousand years ago, Emperor Star was the North Star of the Zhou Dynasty, and Shu Tian was the North Star of the Sui, Tang, Song, Yuan and Ming Dynasties. In 12,000 years, Vega will become the North Star. & amp？

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Sirius is the brightest star in the whole sky. Su Shi's poem Jiangchengzi said: "I can bow like a full moon, look at the northwest and shoot Sirius." Among them, the allusion comes from the stars, the bow carving refers to the vector star, and Sirius is Sirius. Qu Yuan's "Nine Songs" also contains the content of "White clouds in white, shooting Sirius with a long arrow". j/X

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The birthday girl is the second brightest star in the whole sky and the brightest star in the Antarctic constellation. Folk call it the old star. If northerners can see it, it will be auspicious and safe. In Du Fu's poem, he said, "Tonight, outside the Antarctic, I would like to be an old gentleman star." q-^

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Morning glory weaver "Morning glory", also known as Altair, is the brightest star in the night sky in summer and autumn, located in the east of the Milky Way. "Vega", Vega, is in the west of the Milky Way, opposite Altair. Nineteen ancient poems: "Far away, Altair, Hehan girl." Cao Tang, a poet in the Tang Dynasty, wrote "Weaver Girl with Petunia": "The beauty of Beidou cries, but her eyes are broken." %pD

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Streaming fire, falling; Fire refers to Mars, which is the heart of the Black Dragon Dongguan for seven nights. "The Book of Songs. July: "July is full of fire, and September gives clothes." July is equivalent to August in the Gregorian calendar, and filariasis refers to the gradual decline of the position of the fire star from the sky to the west, indicating that the summer heat has receded. six

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Gaihua Gaihua, the constellation name, has a total of 16 stars. It is located in the seat of the Five Emperors and now belongs to Cassiopeia. Song Shi? "Tian Wenzhi" wrote "Seven stars covered with flowers, nine planets covered with bars, and the handle drooped to restore the position of the great emperor and be above the palace." Yin's "Two Poems of the Imperial Capital" says: The earth is three auxiliary powers, and the canopy is seven stars high in the sky. Cephalotaxus is one of the important navigation constellations of Zheng He's voyages to the West. JT

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Comet hits the moon. Comet is commonly known as broom star. In ancient times, people thought that the appearance of this star was an ominous omen. Wu Rong's "Tong Fu Jian's Tomb" said: "Do you know if Shi Jun of Bagongshan is in the original comet?" That's what I'm saying. A comet hits the moon, that is, the light of the comet sweeps across the moon. According to tradition, this is a sign of catastrophe. Tang Ju lived up to his mission: "Zhuan Xu stabbed Liao Wang and the comet hit the moon." ff36yf

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Bai Hongguan's "rainbow" is actually a kind of "halo" and an optical phenomenon in the atmosphere. The appearance of this phenomenon is often a sign that the weather is going to change. The ancients regarded this phenomenon as a sign that abnormal things would happen in the world. For example, "Tang Drama Live Up to its Mission": "Nie stabbed Han Yu, Bai Hong penetrated his grandson." Zou Yang's "Han Shu Liang Wang in Prison": "The meaning of Mu Yandan in Jing Ke in the past, Bai Hongguan, the prince feared it." Yan Taizi Dan raised Jing Ke thick and let him stab the king of Qin. The elephant appeared the day before yesterday, but Taizi Dan was afraid. (N5a@

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In ancient times, it was thought that dragons rose to the clouds and tigers roared to the wind, which was the so-called "cloud dragons and wind tigers". He also said that where the real dragon emperor was born, there were strange clouds in the sky, which the fortune teller could see. For example, The Hongmen Banquet said, "I am very popular. Everyone is a dragon and a tiger, and this son of heaven is angry." Song Yun: If you want to know where the dragon is going, follow the clouds and follow the air. -

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Note: The above contents are revised according to the data. Half board and lodging