Huo senji, what about Huo senji?

Fashen Temple is an ancient temple in the northwest and a very important Buddhist shrine on the ancient Silk Road. It has a glorious history of thousands of years and has preserved many ancient books and cultural relics. This is a favorite place for tourists and pilgrims. Let's introduce it in detail below.

Introduction to hosengi

Fajin Temple is about 1 1 km from Jingyuan Railway Station. It was built not far from the east bank of the Yellow River, in a narrow valley between two mountains, and its location is relatively hidden, and the soil here is typical red sandstone, so it is also called "Hongshan Huosenji".

It is recognized, of course, that the Hongshan fork where Fashen Temple is located (the cliff around the place name is steep and abrupt, and although the top of the cliff is covered with hills, there are many clear springs bubbling out under the cliff, among which the most famous ones are Mo Chi, Crescent Moon and Keel, which are regarded as spiritual springs by local people, and Fashen Temple was first called Famen, and later called Qingquan.

board

Original stone

History of stupa construction

Buddhism was introduced into China in the Northern Wei Dynasty (386-534), and the Fashen Temple was built at that time. It was originally used as a royal temple until the Sui and Tang Dynasties. Fashen Temple has 36 caves and many buildings with different styles, such as Thousand Buddha Cave, Tianwang Cave and Damo Cave, which were carved and restored by more than ten dynasties including Sui, Tang, Five Dynasties and Song, Yuan, Ming and Qing Dynasties.

But in the years of history, with the change of dynasties, it has been built and destroyed repeatedly and experienced vicissitudes. It was not until 1988 that the Fashen Temple Maintenance Committee headed by Zhang Yuxian was established. After more than 30 years of continuous restoration, this ancient temple of 1630 years has finally come back to life. It is listed as a key cultural relics protection unit in Gansu Province and a national AAA-level tourist attraction.

Shipai

A corner of an artificial lake

geologic feature

meaning

As the old saying goes, "Famen Temple in the east and Fashen Temple in the west". The heyday was the Kangxi period of the Qing Dynasty. There are thousands of acres of Buddhist fields around the temple, with more than 65,438+0,500 monks. In addition, it is in the same strain as Famen Temple in Fufeng County, Shaanxi Province and Fasen Temple in Jingyun Temple in Guyuan City, Ningxia. Compared with Famen Temple, it is the lower house, but it belongs to the upper house compared with Jingyun Temple.

When looking up relevant information, I mentioned that Fashen Temple ranks 39th among the top 100 Buddhist temples in China, so its status is relatively high. In addition, Famen Temple and Famen Temple are both on the main road of the ancient Silk Road, with convenient transportation and numerous business contacts, which facilitates the spread and exchange of culture. I think this is another important reason why Huosenji's position is more prominent.

Geomorphology along the Yellow River

Introduction to history and culture

Fashen Temple is a comprehensive temple integrating Taoism, Buddhism and Confucianism. It can be seen from the sculptures provided, such as Lv Dongbin's body shaping, Sakyamuni's body shaping and Tathagata's body shaping. Moreover, there are a large number of sculptures and murals with diverse styles and profound cultural heritage.

Historically, Indian monk Ge Sanabani came to Huosenji to give lectures. Sangjiabandan, a Tibetan Buddhist monk, once presided over Faquan to build a temple and repair a pavilion, and received disciples and friends; There are also many cultural celebrities, such as Yu Youren, Zhang Daqian, Zhang Yunjin, Fan, Xu, who visited Fajin Temple and left.

The national first-class cultural relic Sikuquanshu was once stored here. There are many inscriptions in the temple, the most famous of which is that Wei Chijingde, the founding hero of the Tang Dynasty, supervised the restoration of Faquan. The inscription probably tells the story of Li Shimin, Emperor Taizong, who saw the Buddha's light shining in front of him in his dream one night, and the Buddha's light was most obvious in the northwest.

In the early morning of the next day, Yuan Tiangang, the Qin producer, went to the temple to play a script and said: Last night, watching the night sky, a Buddha light appeared in the southeast of Huizhou. A pagoda appeared under the Buddha's light, magnificent and glittering. Hearing this, Emperor Taizong felt that this echoed my dream, so he sent Wei Chijingde to investigate, and Wei Chijingde replied to the emperor after the investigation. The Buddha's Light refers to the Dharma Body Temple, and Li Shiming was very happy to hear it. He thinks this is a good omen for the stability of Datang Jiangshan and the local people to live and work in peace and contentment.

The emperor soon sent silver coins to Wei Chijingde to supervise and repair the temple, and carved an inscription to record the incident. Since then, Hosenji has gained a good reputation.

Overlooking the top of Huosenji Mountain

Mulang

build

Most buildings are built on cliffs. In fact, this type of building is quite common in northwest China, such as Maiji Mountain in Tianshui, water curtain cave in Wushan and Mogao Grottoes in Dunhuang.

Cliff building

Cliff building

Tanuchi

Unique architectural style

Zixiaolou

As the largest heavy wood building in Fajin Temple, Zixiaolou took more than four years to start construction from June 6th, 20 12 to September 9th, 20 16, and consumed more than two thousand pieces of wood. Like other buildings in Fashen Temple, Zixiaolou is made of pure wood, with five floors and a height of about 42 meters, each floor is 12 angle. There are 60 corners on the fifth floor, and buildings with so many corners are rare in the north. Because Buddhism talks about the five movements and Taoism talks about the five elements, they are all related to the "five movements", so the building is five stories high. The front door is a big square, followed by an artificial lake with an area of about 5000 square meters. The whole building is magnificent and solemn, and it is a comprehensive building integrating the functions of museum, reading room and scripture collection building.

Qian plaza

Houhu

Goddess of Mercy Pavilion

The jade statue of Guanyin Bodhisattva invited by Myanmar is about 9 meters high, with the boy in front of Guanyin on both sides and the lotus statue of Guanyin Bodhisattva on the back. The early icons were open-air, and this attic was built later.

Jade statue

Guanyin golden statue

Yufolou

The architectural style is the dome-shaped ancient building type prevailing in Ming and Qing Dynasties. This part embedded in the cliff should be unique, without semicolons. There is a jade statue of Sakyamuni in the shrine.

Yufolou

The reclining Buddha is about 6 meters long and weighs 13.5 tons. It is lying on its side, supported by its right hand, with a precious gold pillow embedded with rubies under its arm. Its left hand is naturally placed on its slightly bent leg, with curly hair and towering bun, its ears hanging over its shoulders, its right arm exposed, its cassock draped obliquely, and its cassock lying in position. The Buddha carved jade is delicate, smooth and moist, and the carving is fine.

Lying statue of Sakyamuni

Zixuange

Zixuange, located on the east side of the artificial lake, was newly built in recent years. There is a statue of 1 Nu Wa in the pavilion, 9 meters high, dressed in a red and green skirt, looking up at the sky. There are rockeries and murals behind the portrait, which are selected from the myths and legends of Nuwa. The whole mural is about 15 meters long. Rockery is a model of Nu Wa's original creation. Some people have snake faces, some people have lion heads, some people have no eyes, and some people have no feet or hands.

Zixuange

Damodang

Excavated in the Northern Wei Dynasty, it is dedicated to the statue of the founder of Dharma, and there are some preserved inscriptions at the mouth of the cave. Unfortunately, the most famous inscription on Faquan in Wei Chijingde is missing.

Damodang

Damodang

Fangong

That is, Buddhist scripture building, commonly known as stone building. The cave is located halfway up the mountain, and it is a mountain-resting wooden building. This cave was dug in the Sui and Tang Dynasties, and was originally a place to preserve Buddha statues, portraits and scriptures. Four pillars and four walls painted with colorful paintings were destroyed when Tongzhi killed soldiers in the Qing Dynasty. Now it is what it looks like after reconstruction.

Long gallery

500 Luohantang

It was officially completed on June 30th, 2006, 10, dedicated to 500 arhats with different postures.

Rock cave

There are also some grottoes, such as Wu Fang Grottoes and Shifang Buddha Grottoes. Five Dhyani Buddhas represents five kinds of wisdom in Buddhism, namely, body wisdom, lotus wisdom, great circle mirror wisdom, equal wisdom and achievement wisdom; The ten-square Buddha represents a rotating world. In a world full of unbearable suffering and sinful life, the Buddha's "forbearance" and "boredom" education showed his fearlessness and compassion.

Characteristic activity

On the eighth day of the fourth lunar month, the "Buddha Bathing Festival" and the "Central Plains Dharma Meeting" on July 15th, it became very lively here.

Local delicacies

Speaking of local delicacies, the most famous one is "Jingyuan Mutton", which is a famous product in chinese national geography. It has unique Tan sheep breed, unique growth environment, unique processing method and unique medicated diet nourishing value. There are many methods such as frying, steaming, boiling, roasting and stewing, more than 30 kinds of spices and 10 kinds of medicinal materials, which have the effects of warming the middle warmer, benefiting qi, invigorating stomach and tonifying kidney. If you want to eat the most authentic mutton, you must come to Jingyuan County.

Locally stocked goats