Putian Pinghai Donghu Fortune Teller _ Donghu Village, Pinghai Town, Putian

(Supplement: Puxian dialect has many tones, and many ancient Chinese characters and pronunciations are preserved. Influenced by the vernacular in Song Dynasty. )

Puxian dialect is relatively archaic, and some words and pronunciations of Puxian dialect are as follows (my level is limited, please supplement it with someone who has the ability! ) Adaptation: I am a native of Putian, and I will change what is not allowed below.

Puxian dialect is very interesting, and it is not surprising that a word can be pronounced backwards. These are the ancient vernacular, as follows.

Rooster-chicken (ke) male (k); Hen-Chicken (Ke) Mother (Europe) (Xianyou: Chicken Mother-Ke β O); Guest-person (Nong) (that? ) guest (kha) (Xianyou: south? Au) and so on

The following contents are recognized by the International Phonetic Alphabet.

(Tones 1 to 7 are Yin Ping, rising tone, rising tone, yinqu, yangqu, yinru and yangru respectively).

Eat, which means "eat", read? Ia2. But in the spoken language of city people, will the tone be changed to? Iah2. In addition, the estuaries, mountainous areas and the eastern part of Xiuyu District in Putian are often pronounced as? ie2 .

Ho, meaning "cry", hau3, pronounced Xianyou, huh? 3。

Cuo, the meaning of house, read tsu4. (extended meaning is home).

Bang, meaning chopsticks, read ty5 (Putian); The surrounding area of Xianyou Feng Ying Pavilion is: Zhuan, reading k2 plum (the rest of Xianyou is still Zhuan, ty5).

Books, the meaning of books, read ah6.

Ding, the pot for cooking, read tie3 (Putian), ti? 3 (Xianyou).

Make the bed can also mean the verb "make". Read pu 1 (like Pu Xian).

It is also the traditional mileage unit of Xinghua, which is about five kilometers (ten miles) today. Read pu4 and remove the above sounds.

Nong, the meaning of bad people, read kai2 nang2 (Putian) and kai2 nan2 (Xianyou).

Happy, happy, read hua2 i3 (Putian), Hu? I (Xianyou)

Sleepy, sleepy, city people read K? English is CET-4. But there are people in the coastal areas who study K? Ong4. Xianyou is K? uon4 .

In addition, a nap is a "rest day". Read h? 1lau4. what is the nap? 3 .

Teeth, 1) teeth, read k? I3 (Putian). The word "tooth" in Puxian dialect does not refer to teeth;

2) beak tooth, pronounced ui i3, Xianyou said that "tooth" is "beak tooth".

Hip, laugh, read hi2, and the word "laugh" reads ts? ieu4 .

You, the second man said, read ty3.

I, the first person, read kuo3. I may have seen kua3 in the early days, but the pronunciations of the three names all entered the tone. Some places south of Xianyou and Zhongmen Town also say "Gong". Read K? 3。

Yi, the third person, reads i3 or i 1.

In my generation, the first person is plural, and I read kuoh 1 muei4. Also read kum1muei4; ;

Xianyou said that the first person is plural, so we call it "k? 3"。

Your generation, the second person calls it plural, read tyh1muei4; ;

Xianyou said that the second person called you plural "ty? n3 .

Yi Bei, third person plural, pronounced ih 1 muei4. There are also OEM1muei4; ;

Xianyou said that the third person is plural. They are "y? n3 .

Read at the junction of rope, rope, Xianyou and Puxian? Er5, and you saw most of Putian? o5 .

Wash? e3 .

Face, the meaning of face, read ming4. In standard Chinese characters, next to the word "Mai" is ming5, which means pasta.

Eggs, n? 5. Xianyou is pronounced n? 5。 But many places around here also read ne5.

Shirt, 1 (? 1), clothes.

Crazy ts? eng2 korng2，ts？ y？ n k？ N, angry, some people say "make a fire (? A2 huei3), "suffer indignities" (? iu k？ I).

Dawn, dawn, read t? ing 1 kung 1 .

Sir, teacher, fortune teller and doctor can all call it that. Read n2 na 1.

School, school, reading.

Chyme, eating, reading? Ia2 ma2. This word is homophonic with eating dinner, but eating dinner is written as "eating".

Eat, have breakfast, read? ia4 muei5 .

Have a day, have lunch and read? ia 1lau4 .

Go, go home, learn K? Oeh 1 lou4. The pronunciation of this word in Xianyou dialect is very different: k? Is it you, or is someone K? y lou3 .

Reading, reading T? Ah2 tsy 1. But Hinan Island is called T? At2 tu 1. Xianyou dialect says "reading", reading T? at4 ts？ Ah6 (Is there? )。

What is this, reading? ε? 2 muei 1, Putian people question "what", but it is rarely said in Xianyou dialect, with many forms, such as "Hu? 1 ","Hu? 4 n6 ","Hu? (4) Nie (Note: What is Hu's single word? 1 "can be used as a conjunction, but the remaining two words" what "can't be used like this," Hu? 1 "is written as" lingering "here. For example, you can say "lingering" (something), but you can't say "lingering", "Hu? I don't know the word "1", but it is written as "n6").

Here is a sentence: Mandarin: "I want to eat." Puxian said, "I'm going to eat chyme. (kuo3 pεh kih4？ Ia2ma2) (The pronunciation of "going" to do something is no longer the pronunciation of "khy" to prototype)

It doesn't matter if you don't+,it doesn't matter. Read P? 2 3 .

White tight/tight, never mind, read "pa in".

"One" in Puxian dialect is an ancient word. Read it? εh2. Of course, there is the use of "one" in Puxian dialect. Read "ih5".

Beijing, pah 1 king 1

Putian, p? ou2l？ Ng2 or p? ou2？ ng2 .

Fuzhou, horh 1 tsiu 1.

Boiling water, k? Aluminum Louis 3. Sometimes called "boiling water" (pui 1 lui3) and "boiling water" (kung3 nui3).

Grass monkey, mantis, reading ts? au2 kau2 .

Eyes, also written as eyes, eyes. Read mah2 tsiu 1.

Don't use it, nai5, don't.

Right, tsai 1, right. There are also expressions such as "knowledge (tsai2 hieu4 or tsai 2 hieu 4), read in Pinghai Town, the fourth generation of tsai2lou".

I don't know, nai 1, unknown. Also expressed as "I don't know (ng2 nai 1)", "I don't+know the direction (nai2 hieu4 or nai2 hi? 4)"。 Ibid., nai 1 lou4.

Sun, Sun, read ti2t 2 or lihtt? Au2, li2 au2 (Xianyou)

Rice, pi3. Out-of-bounds areas do not produce rice, and rice is scarce, so if you eat rice for three meals, you will deliberately say "eat rice (? ia2 pi3).

Grandpa, both grandfathers can be called. Read a5 korng 1.

Grandma, or "grandma", can be called grandma or grandma. Read a2 ma3.

Psycho? nging2 ma5 .

Xianyou, Putian people said that? In 2 niu2, Xianyou said n2 niu2 or n2 iu2.

(Note: Is the pronounced S the pronunciation of Putian dialect? . Puxian dialect has a unique pronunciation, which is the gingival fricative sound in the international phonetic alphabet. . Gingival fricative is a kind of consonant and a symbol in the international phonetic alphabet? X-SAMPA symbol is K.

This sound mainly exists in native American languages. Welsh is one of the languages with this sound in Europe and is famous for it. In Welsh, this sound is represented by the letter "LL". In China, it also appears in Siyi dialect of Miao, Zhuang, Lingao, Li and Cantonese, and in Puxian and Hainan dialects of Min. In addition, it also appears in Sindarin and Kunya, the elvish languages invented by Tolkien, the author of The Lord of the Rings. In these two languages, sounds are represented by lh and hl respectively.

Are the sounds of S and sh pronounced in Putonghua pronounced in Putian dialect? .

Gingival fricative sound has the following characteristics:

The pronunciation method is friction, which means that the airflow will pass through the narrow passage located in the pronunciation part, resulting in turbulence.

The pronunciation part is the gum, that is, the tip of the tongue or the plane (tongue leaf) behind the tip of the tongue presses on the ridge of the upper gum to pronounce.

Pronunciation is unvoiced, that is to say, the vocal cords do not vibrate when pronouncing.

This consonant is a spoken consonant (stress), which means that air only flows out of the mouth when pronouncing.

This consonant is a side consonant, and the airflow comes from both sides of the tongue, not from the middle.

The characteristic of airflow is that it flows directly from the lungs, not from the mouth or throat. Idiom is a phrase with relatively stable structure and strong metaphor. There are two kinds of idioms in Putian dialect: three-character case and four-character case. The three-character case contains derogatory meanings, and its structure is mainly predicate and object. The structure and meaning of four-character case are slightly similar to idioms. The following are examples:

1. three-character lattice

For example, eat three times before eating three times.

Learn from mistakes.

Leave the big store [sit back and relax]

Take a big boat [eat a big pot of rice]

Stiff handle [lose face]

Mixed water [especially cold water]

Clap your hands [speak openly]

Tasteless [neglected]

The above are predicate-object types, and there are also non-predicate-object types, such as:

March [when the position or idea is not firm, such as when the weather is changeable in March]

Fried shrimp with fish [metaphor chaos]

Short-sighted [narrow-minded]

The lungs are blooming [happy, in a good mood]

2. There are a large number of four-character cells, such as:

Three years and two autumns [young]

Next door [neighbor]

A lonely face [personality]

Big mouth and meanness [generous words and stingy actions]

The orphan surname of Ding Shan [Xiao Jia]

Be exposed to rain [wind and rain]

Get up early and get dark [sooner or later]

Show [bluff]

talk nonsense

Have a long sleep [sleep]

A crooked mouth [sly expression]

Bowler [dancer]

The beef tendon horsepower [infinite strength] ● Someone saved Liu Shou, but no one saved San Niang.

Flower Moon and Three Mothers, Puxian Opera, is a metaphor for someone in other people's homes to save (or help), but no one to save (or help) themselves.

● Chen San grinding mirror

The language is Puxian Opera "Chen Sanwu Niang". Chen San loves Wuniang's beauty, so he pretends to be a mirror grinder and goes to Wuniang's house to polish the mirror. He broke the mirror on purpose and could not afford to pay for it. He sold himself as a slave so that he could see Wuniang every day. This language is similar to "Xiang Zhuang's sword dance, which means Pei Gong", that is, it has other purposes.

● Yichun keeps an umbrella.

It is a love story in Puxian Opera "Chen San Wu Niang". Yichun is Wuniang's maid, which means to borrow things to keep people.

Hao Bo bent two heads.

The language is Puxian Opera Cai Bozhen. Ai Bo misses the old man and loves the new man, which shows that some people have feelings for both sides, can't bear to part with them and miss his heart. This phrase also means "one foot on two boats".

● Xu Yongnian has seen it with his own eyes

It is about the traditional drama "Gao Jizu" of Puxian Opera. Xu Yongnian is an old servant of Gao Jizu. He witnessed the murder of his stepfather's family. Metaphor can see the whole process of things clearly and can be used as a witness.

● Bao Longtu catches the wind.

Bao, namely Bao Gong and Bao Zheng, the ministers of the Northern Song Dynasty, was appointed as the suggestion. He knew that when he started the government, he was honest, strict in law enforcement and not afraid of powerful people. Legend has it that when he went to Chen Zhou to distribute grain, the wind blew off his hat. He sent officers to catch the wind and solved a strange case. In fact, you can't catch the wind, so this expression is a metaphor for making people do (or find someone) impossible (or unable to find).

● Make a list of gods, and no one reads it.

The list of gods is the ancient novel Romance of Gods and Demons. The characters described can be unpredictable and mysterious, but no one has ever seen these magical characters. This sentence satirizes that what someone says is nonsense and can't be believed.

● Hairui Yamen

Harry was an honest official in the Ming Dynasty, who was arrested, imprisoned and dismissed. In the 13th year of Wanli (1585), he rose again, and successively served as the right assistant minister of Nanjing official department and the right suggestion of Nanjing capital. He punished corruption and promoted frugality, and was honest and honest all his life, and rehabilitated many unjust prisons. When he died of illness, there was nothing at home. His colleagues paid for the funeral. This is a metaphor, a metaphor for a decent person who has no family. Also known as "Qingshui Yamen".

When Zhou Jian died, Xia Lian filled the vacancy.

Zhou Jian and Xia Lian are figures in the traditional repertoire of Puxian Opera. This sentence means that some people are scapegoats and some people are lucky.

Cheng hit three axes.

Cheng, at the end of Sui Dynasty, Shi Biao started to serve as a title of generals in ancient times in the army, and was defeated by the secret. He was subordinate to Wang, and later joined the Tang Dynasty, where he was appointed commander-in-chief of Qin Gong's Left Armed Forces. Because of his promotion, he was appointed as the governor of Luzhou and the leader of the left army. After the change of Xuanwu Gate, he was renamed Lu Guogong. The classical novel "The Romance of Sui and Tang Dynasties" was written as a weapon, the Eight Diagrams Metaphysical Axe. Although the strength is great, there are only three tricks. This remark satirizes someone who has only two or three skills and can't fight a protracted war.