Cantonese in Guangxi dialect

The most popular dialect in Chinese in Guangxi Zhuang Autonomous Region, commonly known as vernacular, has a population of over150,000. Mainly distributed in southeastern Guangxi. Take Hezhou in northeast Guangxi to Qinzhou in the coastal area as the dividing line. The southeast of the line is mainly Cantonese, accounting for 30% of the total area of Guangxi Zhuang Autonomous Region. On the other side of the line, there are not many people who speak Cantonese, and the distribution is scattered. Among them, Guangfu film and Qin Lian film have more in common in Qinzhou Cantonese, which is similar to Guangzhou dialect and can understand each other. These two films are mainly distributed in towns and their vicinity, probably formed after a large number of people moved into the Pearl River Delta during the Ming and Qing Dynasties. Goulou film and Qin Lian film are mainly distributed in the vast rural dialect areas, and are less affected. In the process of historical accumulation, dialects such as Goulou Cantonese are quite different from Guangzhou dialect. They are mainly distributed in the urban area of Wuzhou City, the old Cangwu County (now the urban area of Weilong District of Wuzhou City), the urban area of Babu District of Hezhou City and its vicinity, and Daan, Danzhu and Wulin Town of Pingnan County and its vicinity. The internal differences are very small. The user population is nearly 6.5438+0 million. This film is the closest to Cantonese in Guangxi.

Represented by Wuzhou dialect, the phonetic system has 2 1 initials, 56 finals and 8 tones. Similar to Guangfu dialect, we can understand each other. It is mainly popular in towns with convenient transportation on both sides of Yongzhou and Zhou Xun, such as Nanning, Yongning, Hengxian, Guiping, Pingnan, Chongzuo, Ningming, Longzhou, Pingxiang, Fusui, Baise and Tiandong, as well as some subordinate towns and regions of Liuzhou. Take Nanning and Guiping as representative points. However, due to the influx of a large number of migrants since the 1980s, and the language and cultural policy of the Nanning Municipal Government is to weaken local dialects and promote Mandarin instead, the population using Nanning dialect in Nanning city has dropped sharply, and the population using Nanning dialect has dropped sharply to less than 20%. In fact, the representative accent of Yongxun Cantonese has been transferred to the subordinate towns of Guiping City, which was called Zhou Xun in ancient times. There are also quite a few people who worry that Nanning vernacular has actually become a kind of extinct language.

Main features:

(1) There is a vowel [? ] or [? ], such as Nanning and Guiping are both [? ], Pingnan is [? ], can only be spelled with the first letter of [ts-] group.

Generally speaking, it sounds like Zi, Ci and Si in Mandarin. (2) some parts have a fricative sound [? ] or its variant interdental sound [θ], such as Xin, Xin. Guiping Street and Heping South Street. The population of Cantonese is the largest, more than 8 million; Mainly distributed in Yulin and Wuzhou 13 counties and cities, Yulin, Wuzhou suburb, Guigang, Hezhou suburb, Beiliu, Cenxi, tengxian, Cangwu, mengshan county, Rongxian, Xingye, Bobai, northern Luchuan, Zhaoping, Zhongshan, Pingnan, Guiping and other places, in addition. Mainly in rural areas. It is very different from Guangzhou dialect. The phonology is complex, with 8- 10 tones, which is one of the most tones in Chinese dialects in Guangxi Zhuang Autonomous Region. However, because most of the residents who use Goulou Cantonese are rural areas or small and medium-sized towns, their phonology is complex, so their circulation is not high.

Goulou Cantonese is the earliest Chinese dialect in Guangxi. Historically, there was an authoritative Chinese dialect in the border areas of Guangxi Zhuang Autonomous Region. In BC 1 1 1 year, Emperor Wu of the Han Dynasty pacified South Vietnam. On the basis of Guilin, Xiang Jun and Nanhai in Qin Dynasty, the administrative divisions were readjusted: Nanhai, Cangwu, Yulin, Hepu, Jiaodi, Old Town, Rinan, Yuer and Zhu Ya, and the administrative divisions were reorganized. The seat of the Cross-toe Secretariat is Cangwu Guangxin (now Wuzhou City, Guangxi Zhuang Autonomous Region and Fengkai County, Guangdong Province). Wuzhou was the administrative center of nine newly established states at that time and the capital of the region. It was not until AD 2 17 that Sun Quan moved the political center of Lingnan from Cangwu Guangxin to Panyu (now Guangzhou) in the South China Sea. Guangxin's position as the political center of Lingnan lasted for more than 300 years, forming an authoritative Chinese dialect-Guangxin dialect in the border area between Guangdong and Guangxi. Goulou Cantonese is a direct descendant of Guguangxin dialect. Although it has been eroded by Guangfu Cantonese and Yongxun Cantonese today, its characteristics have been stubbornly preserved. For example, Gubang ([p]) and Duan ([t]) respectively voiced, [d], refined ([ts]), unvoiced ([tsh]), slave ([dz]) and evil ([z]). Take Yulin dialect as an example, there are "[bu]" [dui] ","banana "[lost]," autumn "[pottery]," Qian "[tin] and" temple "[ladder].

Main features:

① There are extremely rare voiced initials [b] and [d] or imploded voiced initials in Chinese. (2) Fine and clear, converging from head to tail. This is a common feature of Goulou Cantonese. (3) The ancient voiced initials are flat and flat, and they are not aspirated. (4) There is a fricative sound (or an interdental sound). ⑤ Most of them are tone sandhi.

The representative Cantonese dialects are Guigang dialect, Yulin dialect, Bobai Dilao dialect, Beiliu dialect, tengxian dialect and Mengshan dialect. It mainly includes Qinzhou, Beihai, Hepu (formerly known as Lianzhou), Pubei, Lingshan, Fangchenggang and dongxing city. Represented by Qinzhou Cantonese and Lianzhou Dialect.

The main features are:

(1) didn't pinch your mouth and shout [y]. (that is, in Mandarin) ② The initial consonants of ancient voiced sounds are basically aspirated when they read the affricate. ③ There is a fricative sound [? ]。 There are 7-8 tones.

From the perspective of internal differences, it can be roughly divided into five small pieces:

(1) Qinzhou Cantonese includes Beihai dialect in Beihai city and its suburbs, Hepu dialect in nankang region in the east of Hepu, Qinzhou dialect in Qinzhou city and its suburbs and Fangcheng dialect in Fangcheng county. Although there are some differences between these words, their internal consistency is still great. Mainly distributed in towns and counties, seriously affected by Guangfu, far from the following words. (2) Lianzhou dialect, including most areas of Hepu County today, and towns such as Li Na in the southeast of Qinzhou City adjacent to Hepu County. Among them, Lianzhou dialect spoken in the south of Hepu, near Beihai City and Ganzhou Island is slightly different from Lianzhou dialect spoken in other areas of Hepu. ③ Lingshan dialect is mainly used in the north of Lingshan. Lingshan dialect is also spoken in some towns in the north and northeast of Qinzhou. ④ Xiaojiang dialect is mainly used in the middle of Pubei (formerly known as Xiaojiang) county in Northeast China. ⑤ Liuwanshan dialect is mainly spoken in the northeast of Pubei County. Pubei County is geographically adjacent to Yulin and Yulin Bobai, so Xiaojiang dialect and Liuwanshan dialect are close to the Cantonese of Yulin and Bobai.