What four words did Liu Bowen use to work out the ending of the Ming Dynasty, which made Zhu Yuanzhang very satisfied?

Chen Yinque, a famous literary historian in the Republic of China, once said: "The culture of the Chinese nation has evolved for thousands of years and reached its peak in the Zhao and Song Dynasties." This sentence has been recognized by most scholars. With the development of feudal society, China culture reached its peak in the Song Dynasty. In the Song Dynasty, civil servants ruled the world with culture, not killing literati, which was extremely dignified. After the Song Dynasty, the situation of civil servants went from bad to worse in Yuan, Ming and Qing Dynasties. During the Ming and Qing Dynasties, many talented officials died under the butcher's knife of feudal autocracy, such as Gao Qi, a great genius in the early Ming Dynasty.

As we all know, there were three great talents in Ming Dynasty, namely, Jie Jin, Yang Shen and Xu Wei. They were all famous for their brilliance, but their endings were tragic. This is actually the epitome of many talents in the Ming Dynasty. In A.D. 1368, Zhu Yuanzhang founded the Ming Dynasty. At that time, there was a popular saying in Nanjing literary world: "Literary Federation poetry began in Qingtian."

This sentence is actually talking about "a great poet in the third day of Ming Dynasty", "Lian" refers to Song Lian, "Qi" refers to Gao Qi, and "Qingtian" refers to Liu Ji, that is, Liu Bowen (Liu Bowen is from Qingtian, Zhejiang). In other words, there were "three great poets" in the early Ming Dynasty, among which Song Lian achieved the highest achievement in writing, Gao Qi was second to none in poetry, and Liu Bowen was more comprehensive. He made special contributions to Neo-Confucianism and Confucian classics.

Like the three gifted scholars in the Ming Dynasty, the "poets in the third day of the Ming Dynasty" had a tragic ending. Song Lian was appointed by Zhu Yuanzhang as the "head of the founding civil servants", and no one in the whole academician courtyard refused to accept him. In addition, Song Lian followed Zhu Yuanzhang in his early years and was the teacher of Prince Zhu Biao. But in the end, because of the Hu case, Song Lian died in exile in Sichuan. Liu Bowen, known as the "near-re-embodiment Zhuge Liang", was beaten repeatedly by Zhuge Liang, and was finally suspected of being poisoned by Hu. Gao Qi's ending was even worse, and he was personally ordered by Zhu Yuanzhang.

Gao Qi was born in Suzhou gentry family, and his family was rich since childhood. Unfortunately, his parents died young, and Gao Qi was withdrawn and arrogant. He devoted himself to research and finally became a generation of talented people. Ji Xiaolan once commented that Gao Qi was "a genius better than a poet in the Ming Dynasty". It can be seen that Gao Qi is not only a generation of wizards, but also superior to many poets in the Ming Dynasty.

At the end of the Yuan Dynasty and the beginning of the Ming Dynasty, there were wars everywhere, and no matter how talented Gao Qi was, he was just a flash in the pan in troubled times. Zhang Shicheng lived in Su Wu at that time and heard the name of Gao Qi. He personally sent his younger brother Zhang Shide to ask Gao Qi to be his chief of staff. Gao Qi was only 16 years old at that time. He was moved by Zhang Shicheng's sincerity and came to Suzhou City to be used by Zhang Shicheng. However, due to Gao Qi's arrogance and being excluded by his colleagues, Gao Qi resigned from his official position, and since then he has been hidden in the rivers and lakes and has never been wet behind the ears.

When Zhu Yuanzhang first ascended the throne, he put forward the view that "chaos in the world must use force, and governance in the world must use words". Almost everyone thinks that the spring of civil servants has come. On the recommendation of Liu Bowen, Gao Qi entered the DPRK. At that time, Gao Qi was 32 years old and in his prime, and he hit it off with Zhu Yuanzhang. Zhu Yuanzhang made Gao Qi a vassal's teacher, and Gao Qi and Song Lian compiled the history of the Yuan Dynasty together. It can be seen that Zhu Yuanzhang had great respect for Gao Qi at first.

However, after only three years, Gao Qi was tired of officialdom and wanted to show his love for mountains and rivers. Zhu Yuanzhang had intended to promote him as the assistant minister of the Ministry, but Gao Qi refused to accept him because he was not qualified, and offered to resign and return to China. Zhu Yuanzhang is very sorry. He gave Gao Qi gold and silver and set Gao Qi free.

After Gao Qi was far away from the imperial court, none of the officials overweight him, saying that he "won't bend his back", which made Zhu Yuanzhang somewhat disgusted. What's more, Gao Qi once wrote a poem called "The Maid-in-waiting", one of which read:

The puppy barks every other flower. Who will come to the palace at night? "

This poem seems to satirize the imperial court, which aroused Zhu Yuanzhang's disgust.

From the perspective of Zhu Yuanzhang, I really appreciate your outstanding talent in Gao Qi. I didn't treat you badly when I asked you to be an official in the DPRK. I gave you gold and silver when you resigned. But why do you always satirize me? "Ming history" cloud:

I started writing poems, but the emperor hasn't sent them yet. It's ironic.

In the face of a madman like Gao Qi, Zhu Yuanzhang put up with it again. In the sixth year of Hongwu, Zhu Yuanzhang finally caught Gao Qi and killed Gao Qi. This year, Wei Guanxin, the magistrate of Suzhou, took office and planned to move the magistrate's office in Suzhou to the former site of Zhang Shicheng Palace. When the yamen was completed, Gao Qi, as a great talent in Suzhou, was invited to the scene by the magistrate as a guest of honor, and then asked Gao Qi to write an essay as a souvenir for the new yamen. Gao Qi, like a fountain, wrote the famous "Liang Wenyi County Governance", which won full applause. However, the word "Crouching Tiger, Hidden Dragon" was used in this article, which made Zhu Yuanzhang's taboo.

Zhu Yuanzhang thought that "tiger sitting on a dragon's plate" was a word that only emperors would use. The Suzhou Magistrate's House was built on the palace in Zhang Shicheng, but Gao Qi actually used the "tiger sitting on the dragon plate", which was obviously supporting Zhang Shicheng. Therefore, Gao Qi was sent back to Nanjing overnight without trial, and was sentenced to death and beheaded. Since ancient times, we have enjoyed each other. A scholar, who was already living in Liu Bowen at that time, has just been recalled to Beijing by Zhu Yuanzhang. I heard that Gao Qi was convicted, and Liu Bowen joined forces with Song Lian and other civil servants to intercede for Gao Qi. Zhu Yuanzhang lost his temper and asked Liu Bowen, pointing to the four words "tiger sitting on the dragon plate": "What does this mean?" Liu Bowen was speechless.

Whether Gao Qi supports Zhang Shicheng is unknown, but in Zhu Yuanzhang's view, Gao Qi's repeated satire on himself is unbearable, and it is inevitable to kill Gao Qi. As a result, Gao Qi, a gifted scholar, was finally beheaded at the age of 39.

Gao Qi's death is not an ordinary criminal case, but a political event. Since then, Zhu Yuanzhang's attitude towards literati has changed greatly, and literary inquisition cases have occurred one after another. Since then, the dignity of civil servants in the Ming Dynasty has been ravaged by feudal autocracy, which is out of control.