Feng Youlan Counting Destiny _ Feng Youlan Talking about Destiny

Who wrote the Book of Changes? What about Ji Dan?

This problem is extremely simple, but first of all, we must put an end to several things, that is, what attitude scholars in socialist countries should take towards learning and research. In view of this problem, I have summed up two points: First, learning should be worthy of the ancestors, the people, seeking truth from facts, and conforming to objective history and practice. This is also the requirement of Marx's dialectical materialism to determine consciousness, and we must seek truth from facts; What is the second point? We must persist in development and look at the problem from a forward-looking perspective. We can't learn the same knowledge ten years ago, and it will still look the same ten years later.

This friend is obviously confused by the books in the bookstore, which is misleading to the masses. This is also the incompetence of the national education system. Pupils A, B and C all know it, but when asked about his sentence "Don't use the hidden dragon on the ninth day of the ninth lunar month", he is puzzled and the country's guidance is not enough. As for the people, the problem is mysterious and immaterial, which makes the problem confusing again and again. Many times, Zhouyi is used by others as a fortune teller.

During the period of reform and opening up, there were many schools of Zhouyi studies, and all the authoritative ones died and went crazy in the turmoil. Therefore, we should study Zhouyi on the basis of scholars' thoughts before this stage, determine who wrote a book, a funerary object that directly sees the land and who it belongs to, and thus determine its age. If we are lucky, we can also determine the author according to the documents unearthed at that time. Another way is to summarize the idea of this book. Let's see what it is used for, such as the method of killing pigs in this book. Then the author of this book must be a butcher. It takes experience to write a book about killing pigs every day. This truth is as simple as that. People of one class speak for one class and represent the economic and social interests of that class. For example, Lao Tzu's Tao Te Ching, written in despair, represents the interests of the small peasant class and the hermit class. Then we should know that the author of Zhouyi must look at him first.

Some people say that fortune telling exists, but it is a product of feudal society. The Western Zhou Dynasty was a slave society, and the Jing Tian system was the economic foundation. It was called divination at that time. Zhouyi is undoubtedly a book of divination, which is recognized by everyone. But what does this divination say? Divination in slave society is mysterious and supernatural, which was brought by fortune-telling in feudal society. It considers a person's social relations, and calculates his future from his personality and social network. For example, Li Shimin and Xu Maogong said that he could become emperor. Why? What I see is that he cherishes talents, is open-minded, is good at listening to opinions, and gets rid of those mysterious things. Fortune Telling in Feudal Society is a masterpiece of China's psychology and sociology. Back to the question, at the end of the Western Zhou Dynasty, the national strength declined, ethnic armed forces often harassed the border, and the rulers retreated if they did not advance. What should I do?

This is undoubtedly the best way to persuade the emperor to do justice for heaven. At that time, there were astrologers and fortune tellers in the country, and it was entirely possible to do so. The famous battle of Makino was very tragic at that time, and there was blood floating on the big shield. It was because an astrologer recorded the astronomical phenomena at that time that the Xia, Shang and Zhou Dynasties Dating Project really determined the age of Makino War, and thus learned that Zhou Wuwang died after only four years in office. This is the answer. Ji Dan's problem, when featuring died, young master, Ji Dan and Jiang Ziya jointly assisted to preside over the overall situation, Jiang Ziya was in charge of the military, Ji Dan handled the failure of state affairs, and handled it conscientiously, so the Duke of Zhou was left with an eternal story, not greedy for his position, and he was indeed a virtuous figure.

It can be seen that the Zhouyi, which is called "speaking on behalf of heaven", was not written by Duke Zhou. The duke of Zhou was politically clear, and the king was shrewd and not confused. Why should he persuade the emperor to cheer up for heaven? Therefore, Zhouyi was only available in the late Western Zhou Dynasty. Why is it impossible in the Eastern Zhou Dynasty? At that time, the Zhou royal family became a very small piece, whether it was carried up or not. Moreover, the vassal States did not pose a threat to the Eastern Zhou regime. That was after the Qin Dynasty, so just like a jigsaw puzzle, Zhouyi was the most suitable chess piece in the late Western Zhou Dynasty.

The author was a diviner. In the face of the invasion and ridicule of the Western Zhou Dynasty by the warriors of ethnic minorities, he borrowed the content of divination to speak for the sky and exhorted the king (there is no name of the emperor at this time), so he wrote down the words "a gentleman does things" in order to guide the rulers to be diligent. Later, he wrote this prophecy about Kan Kan, pointing out the situation of the rulers. The king rules the world on behalf of heaven, but now Kan Kan, which symbolizes water and rebels, symbolizes the king.

Therefore, the real function of Zhouyi is similar to that of officials in feudal society, but it is based on divination, because the limitations of productivity and human understanding at that time were the product of a special era. As for Confucian people, why do you want to use Zhouyi as your own argument? Confucianism pays attention to self-cultivation, which requires a theory of persuading people to be upward. Which is better? Didn't Zhouyi persuade people to be positive? Kong just brightened up at the moment and pulled it over for use, but it was useless to add things and people, so he pulled the Duke of Zhou in, and Sima Qian followed suit and wrote down the sentence that King Wen was detained. . . . But Cheng Zhu Zhouyi, in fact, historians will draw wrong conclusions because of the limitations of their understanding at that time. As descendants of the Chinese people, we should have a clear understanding of our predecessors' things and not regard them as alien UFOs or surrealist masterpieces. This is first of all irresponsible to our ancestors, but also a blasphemy to our nation and history.

We should study traditional history seriously and responsibly, and don't be superstitious about authority. The current research level of the history of China literature is really unsatisfactory. Compared with the past, this is a great progress. We have to write more papers in order to evaluate professional titles and increase bonuses and wages. There are so many shoddy people that even truly talented people become useless. This is heartbreaking. My opinion is not my own. It is the lifelong effort of the older generation of Zhouyi researchers after the founding of the People's Republic of China. Every time I take it out, I am afraid that I am far behind them. I am not a scholar. I'm just a green worker. I never mind my career. Zhuangzi said that I am an ant, far from utilitarian right and wrong, and my life is full of monasticism. What is regret? I also hope that I can do my best to spread the excellent traditional culture of the nation in my lifetime.