Daniel Shao Yong in Northern Song Dynasty

The Yangtze River flows eastward, and the waves wash away heroes. If a historical figure is compared to the waves in the long river of history, then he is definitely one of the bright flowers. If a historical figure is compared to a star, then he must be one of the shining stars. He lives a semi-secluded life, but he is semi-secluded because he doesn't have "how can I know through these clouds?" As the boy said. He lives in a fixed place. His dynasty, together with He, Zhou Dunyi (the author of the middle school text "Love Lotus"), Zhang Zai (the most famous one is "Four Sentences of Hengqu"), Cheng Yi and Cheng Hao (the two brothers are called Cheng Cheng, the master of science), were also called "the five sons of the Northern Song Dynasty". Later Sima Guang was called "Mr. Liu" together. Who can stand side by side with the above-mentioned people, which is comparable to ordinary people? Moreover, "Wuzi of the Northern Song Dynasty" and "Mr. Liu" respected him very much (perhaps not very accurately, because Zhou Dunyi was far away from them, leaving less exchanges of deeds). When he lived in Luoyang, many officials went to Luoyang, not to meet local officials, but to visit him first. Among his fans, the Emperor of the Song Dynasty is one, and the most powerful Emperor Kangxi of the Qing Dynasty is also one, and there are countless literati and poets. His works were included in Sikuquanshu, and 667 volumes of literature were cited, with the number of citations 1 1 14 times. It shows that his works have a great influence. This is the hero we want to introduce, the awesome Shao Yong!

Shao Yong, the greatest philosopher, philosopher, poet and representative of the Yi School in the Northern Song Dynasty (Yi is divided into two schools, one is the Yi School, with Confucius as the representative). He was born in Zhangheng, Henan (now Linxian), and his ancestral home is Fanyang, Hebei (now Zhuozhou). He was born in Song Zhenzong Dazhong Xiangfu for four years. He died ten years ago in Xining, Song Shenzong, at the age of 67. In his life, at that time, his influence was overwhelming. During his life in Luoyang, all the dignitaries wanted to be neighbors with him. What has such a person achieved? How is steel tempered? Let me speak slowly.

First, studious teenagers

Shao Yong was born in a scholarly family. But neither my grandfather nor my father passed the imperial examination. And his father loves reading Zhouyi. When he was a child, Shao Yong loved reading. 16 years old moved to Gongcheng, Henan (now Huixian, Henan) with his father. During the period, he was "self-talented, generous and competitive, made a name for himself, and read thousands of books." Learning is learning, that is, studying hard, no stove in cold, no fan in summer, and people don't sit at night for several years, which shows their learning attitude. If there were no visitors, perhaps Shao Yong would have been as famous as a student. However, there is no such thing as history, so his life track has changed a lot.

Second, accept the truth.

The visiting guest is Li Zhicai, the county magistrate of Gongcheng County. He heard that Shao Yong was easy to read, so he came to see how the young man was. Just ask this boy, you are so studious, which direction are you going to develop? Shao Yong's answer is still undecided. Li Zhicai asked him if he wanted to learn the physics of the operation and development of everything in the universe. Shao Yong expressed his willingness to be taught. A few days later, Li Zhicai came over and asked him if he wanted to know about life. Shao Yong thanked Li Zhicai again and expressed his desire to learn from him. Seeing that he was a talented person, Li Zhicai carefully publicized his Spring and Autumn Period and taught the core purpose of the Five Classics. Finally, he taught the Book of Changes. During the period, pictures of river map, Luo Shu and Fuxi gossip were interspersed. Shao Yong finally established himself with such knowledge.

Shao Yong was able to achieve such success later for two important reasons: First, what he learned was true. What he learned was handed down by Chen Tuan, and Chen Tuan was also a legend, as knowledgeable as Guiguzi in the pre-Qin period. Chen Tuan passed the seed release to Gary and Mu Xiu, and Mu Xiu passed it to Zhou Dunyi and Li Zhicai (Zhou Dunyi passed it to Cheng Hao and Cheng Yi). Therefore, its source is real. Second, Shao Yong's learning method is different from others. Shao Yong didn't let Mr. Wang explain too much. After he started, he taught himself the essence. In this way, he didn't just study, but turned it into something. Therefore, he has his own profound understanding of this knowledge, and his accomplishments far exceed others. While studying in thousands of books, he also went to Wan Li Road, visited many places visited by the ancients, personally felt the wind from the predecessors, and experienced knowledge. A few years later, he finally said "Tao is right", found the truth he was looking for, and further sublimated his thoughts. It laid a solid foundation for the next step towards glory.

Third, the name is full.

1049, Shao Yong moved to Luoyang with his father. Started his own life of giving lectures at the altar. Because of his profound knowledge and exquisite kung fu, scholars and writers rushed to tell stories, and at one time dignitaries rushed to meet and ask questions. At that time, Sima Guang, Han Qi, Su Shi, Wang, Wen Yanbo, etc. Almost became a celebrity, and the wedding. Because he was not an official in North Korea, he didn't have his own house at first. Later, his students and officials in North Korea bought him a house. At the age of 52, he finally had a good place of his own. Located in the south of Luoyang Bridge. Currently located in the old campus of Luoyang Normal University. He was so satisfied with his new house that he named it "comfort zone" and called himself "Mr. Comfort". Live a carefree life. It is worth mentioning that Sima Guang, Fu Bi and others moved to live next to his house for the convenience of meeting Shao Yong, and the comfort zone became the land of Wenchang at that time.

Fourth, the ideal life.

The ideal life I'm talking about here is that I can say no to my work, preach and teach, be virtuous, be free and happy, and be loved by everyone.

Shao Yong was famous for giving lectures in Luoyang. Later, Song Shenzong asked him to recommend talents as officials. Everyone recommended him, and the court issued three letters, but he refused to be an official. Deal with people, be kind to others, and answer questions. Moreover, he never talks about the shortcomings of others, but always talks about the advantages of others. People who get along with him feel that they are spring breeze. This shows that although he is committed to the study of knowledge, he is by no means a dead scholar, sensible and warm. Therefore, it is difficult for a literate and easy-going person not to be famous. That popularity is also good. No more. People around him call him "Mr. An". Many people build a comfortable nest at home according to his lifestyle, which is convenient for him to live after he comes. How many people can enjoy such treatment?

Because he is knowledgeable, polite and gentle, people around him are deeply influenced and get along well, and the folk customs are simple for a while.

Fifth, write a book.

After Shao Yong moved to Luoyang, he wrote down what he saw and heard in the course of giving lectures. So what did Shao Yong learn? That is to set an example and practice the heaven of "harmony between man and nature" at any time. He emphasized that "it is not enough to learn from heaven and man." His handed down works mainly include Huangshi, Yu You, Yi Chuan Ji Tu Ji, and Guan Wu Zhi. In addition, there are "things outside the view". There are also plum blossom poems, but they haven't been decided yet. His disciple Sharla Cheung explained his works and said, "Mr. Wang learned the Book of Changes, Poetry, Spring and Autumn Period, and his words were poor. He knew the way of Ming Taizu and Wang Ba, wrote hundreds of words, studied hard for 30 years, observed the rise and fall of heaven and earth, pushed the rise and fall of the sun and the moon, measured the degree of Yin and Yang, and tested the shape of rigidity and softness, so he learned from them and learned from them. The following is a brief introduction to his main works.

1, the collection of digging in Yichuan. More than 3,000 poems by Shao Yong are collected here. His poems all express the truth and human feelings of all things through personal feelings or life scenes, which are simple and interesting. The poet has many comments on his poems. I won't repeat it here. Let's introduce some poems. Among them, there is a poem "Singing in the Mountain Village", which you should be familiar with, because it appeared in a textbook for primary school students. The content is as follows:

Walked two or three li.

I saw smoke from four or five villages.

Pavilion block 7-8

Eighty or ninety flowers

In addition, his poems are quoted by four classical novels, The Journey to the West and Water Margin. For example, the opening poem of the Water Margin, the content of the poem is: after five generations, the clouds will open up. The vegetation has been raining for a hundred years, and the car book is old in Wan Li. Luo Chenqi, an ordinary alley, plays orchestral music on several terraces. People are happy, and kites sleep endlessly. As for the poems in The Journey to the West, they are: When will fame and fortune stop? It is not free to get up early and go to bed late. Riding a donkey and mule thinking about a good horse, the prime minister of the official residence looked at the princes. I only worry about food, clothes and hard work. Why are you afraid of Yan Jun taking the bait? Stepsons and grandchildren are rich, and no one wants to look back!

His poems are full of interest, philosophy and kung fu because of emotion or sigh.

2. "Jade Bridge Asks the Right". People all over the world compare Shao Yong with Zhuangzi, but they do have a connection. Including modern Qian Mu, also called him "Zhuang Zhou in Confucianism". In The Fisherman's Question, the hero "The woodcutter asks and the fisherman answers" involves five elements, heaven and earth, things, yin and yang, four seasons, Tai Chi, gossip, inaction, things, personnel and society, which permeates Yi Dao's theory of the change of heaven and earth. Through the fisherman's mouth, the woodcutter understood that "the way of heaven and earth is the way of being human." If Zhuangzi's thought is free and easy and full of wisdom, then Shao Yong is a practitioner of practice. Ask and answer to show a wonderful life.

3. Huang Shi. This is a masterpiece standing on the top of the Five Sons in the Northern Song Dynasty. Sikuquanshu in Qing Dynasty praised Shao Yong's learning as "the source of nature". As mentioned above, there are 667 volumes of references to Huang Shi, with a total of114 times. It can be seen that his works have a great influence. This book includes knowledge of history, philosophy, astronomy and calendar. It is China's concrete practice of expressing the wisdom of things. In history, he spanned a time span of 86,400 years and a personnel time span of 3,434 years. The total from "opening things" to "closing things" is 129600. The content is great and the interpretation is exquisite, which is amazing. On the basis of predecessors, he combined the application of image number with astronomical satellite astrology and summarized it into four words: yuan, hui, yun and potential. In which 1 yuan 12 games, 1 30 games, 1 field 12 world, 1 world for 30 years. 1 yuan is exactly 129600. And incorporated into the year, month, day, year, etc. , always like this. 1 will be 129600 months, 1 will be 129600 days, 1 will be 129600 hours. Sixty-four hexagrams correspond to the cycle of the universe, and the cycle continues, and the number of people before and after death is calculated, so as to know the image of the universe. This book is wonderful and has a great influence on future generations. Many great scholars study hard, but they can't climb the mountains. The method of "observing things with eyes and reasoning with things" in the book laid a practical foundation for Song Neo-Confucianism. At that time, Song people compared Shao Yong to Mencius, and Zhu compared him to Lao Zi and Zhuang Zi. At that time, people had listed him as a saint.

Sixth, the legendary story. Shao Yong is unpredictable. People have lived for thousands of years, and legends still exist. It is estimated that everyone is very tired after reading this, so I will pick some interesting things about Shao Yong to share with you.

1, Sima Guang enjoys flowers. One year, the peony flowers in Sima Guang's house were blooming very well, so he invited Shao Yong, Fu Bi, Wen Yanbo and others to enjoy the peony in his garden. Fu Bi asked how many peonies had opened in the garden, and everyone shook their heads. Shao Yong said, "Thousands have opened." So they counted them together, and when they added them up, there were indeed 1000 flowers. Fu Bi asked when these flowers would wither, but Shao Yong replied that they would be destroyed tomorrow afternoon, and everyone didn't believe it. The next day, everyone came to witness. At noon, it was fine, and everyone was a little skeptical. Just then, suddenly a group of horses came and trampled it, and the peony flowers in the garden were destroyed. People admire it more and more.

2. plum blossoms are good. One day, Shao Yong was sitting at home and found two magpies playing on the plum blossom at home. As a result, both of them fell to the ground, so he made a divination, knowing that something big would happen tomorrow, and told his family not to disturb anyone they met tomorrow. At the same time the next day, sure enough, a girl next door climbed over the wall to pick plum blossoms. The family forgot Shao Yong's instructions and made a hullabaloo about. As a result, the girl fell to the ground and broke her leg. Fortunately, she didn't die. Later, people said that his divination method became plum blossom easy to count.

3. Clever calculation before death. Before he died, Shao Yong told his son Shao Bowen that everything should be simple after my death, but I must call the little girl from the west of the village. His son did as he said later, but he never understood what his orders meant. Later, the girl has become a grandmother. One day, she heard someone talking at home and listened outside the window. It turned out that her grandson and several people dug many people's graves. Only Shao Yong's graveyard has not been dug. They agreed to start work tonight. Hearing the news, she pushed the door and told them that you should never touch Mr. Shao's grave. When he was buried, I saw from beginning to end, and there was nothing in it. Her grandson and the gang turned pale and gave up the plan to dig Shao Yong's graveyard. Seriously, Shao Kangjie's cemetery has not been touched. I didn't know about it until now.

There are many such stories. Because of the space problem, I won't tell them much. Many of them are in the literature, very authentic. If you are interested, you can check related books to find out.

Yao, the world is clumsy. It comes and goes all the time.

Such as mountains and rivers, impassable, such as rivers, inexhaustible.

Such as Lan Zhi, fragrance does not rest, such as Xiao Shao, the sound is endless.

There are flowers, snow, wind and moon.

Gentle, intense, romantic, intense.

Note: References

1, the legend of a generation-the wisdom of Shao Yong (Mi Hongbin)

2. Complete Works of Shao Yong (Shao Yong) Shanghai Ancient Books Publishing House