The Riverside Scene at Qingming Festival depicts which city in the Song Dynasty.

The Riverside Scene at Qingming Festival depicts the situation of Tokyo (now Kaifeng, Henan Province), the capital of the Northern Song Dynasty, mainly focusing on the natural scenery and prosperity of Bianjing and its two sides.

The riverside scene on the Qingming Festival was a folk custom at that time, just like today's holiday party, people took part in commercial activities by it. The whole map is roughly divided into three parts: the spring scenery on the outskirts of Bianjing, the scenery of Bianhe and the market in the city.

1, suburb

Open this picture gently, and you will see a camel team on the road beside the stream, coming from Bianjing City in the northeast, and five donkeys are carrying loads. The groom in front drives the leading livestock to the bridge at the corner, and the porter behind drives the wolves forward with a whip, and the destination will arrive soon. From the way the packers skillfully control the packers, we can know that they are old horses that have been walking for many years.

A small sampan was bolted to the stump beside the bridge, and several small peasant houses were scattered among the trees in an orderly way. There are four crow's nests on a few tall branches, which look the same as the crow's nests in the way and height.

There are several stone mills on the threshing floor, which are used for threshing in autumn harvest, and they are still idle there at this time. There are some sheep in the sheepfold, and there seems to be a chicken and duck pen next to the sheepfold, as if a large group of chickens and ducks were raised in the pen. What a peaceful rural scene! It is amazing that in the Song Dynasty more than 1000 years ago, agriculture and aquaculture were as developed as the world.

A farmer near the teahouse has two cows. Although such an earth-shattering event happened nearby, the two cows were indifferent. They are still ruminating leisurely. The seedlings in the distant fields are thriving and farmers are watering and fertilizing them.

A couple in the south traveled and hired two animals and a porter. A porter slowly walked southeast with what they needed for their trip.

In the past, several shops were the main road Songdu Avenue, and there were many shops on both sides of the main road, all around the freight terminal and warehouse of this geomantic treasure.

2. Bianhe

Bianhe River was an important transportation hub for grain transportation and commercial transportation in the Northern Song Dynasty. It can be seen from the picture that the population is dense and merchant ships gather.

This is the well-known Hongqiao pier, with knife and scissors stalls, food stalls and various grocery stalls all over the bridge. Two stall owners are scrambling to greet a passer-by to see their goods. It is the intersection of land and water transportation, which is the climax of the picture.

Hongqiao is magnificent, and the largest ships in the Bianhe River Basin can pass smoothly. It is wide and strong, and can parallel several animal-drawn carts full of goods. Judging from the structure of the bridge, it is also a great creation. The whole bridge is made of wood.

Hongqiao is the main throat of the two cities, and the bridge deck is full of traffic. Because of the popularity of pedestrians in the past, vendors seized the opportunity to occupy the road.

There is a boat going upstream under the bridge, which seems to be berthing. The boatman at the bow is testing the depth of the river, because some big stones are usually placed in the riverbed at the bridge head to prevent the water from washing the slope at the bridge head and preventing it from collapsing. When moving the ship in this position, special care must be taken to avoid grounding and damaging the ship.

3. Market

Centered on the tall tower, there are rows of houses on both sides.

There are teahouses, restaurants, foot shops, butcher shops, temples, public halls and so on. These shops specialize in silk, jewelry, spices, incense, paper horses and so on. In addition, there are medical clinics, cart repair, fortune-telling visits, shaving and plastic surgery, and all walks of life have everything.

The gate is tall and majestic, and several camels slowly walk out of the city. This kind of animal can't be found on the mainland. It is a special product of Gobi desert and is used as a means of transportation. It should be that businessmen from the western regions come to the capital of song dynasty to do business, and they are international trade groups traveling between the silk roads.

This city is even more distinctive. It seems that one company is transporting another shipment. Freight logistics has begun to take shape. There is a sesame oil processing workshop next door. The sales of sesame oil are very good, and there are chariots and horses to transport it, and the supply is sufficient. Has begun to take shape.

Coming from the direction of the inner city, there is a group of people, escorted by ceremonial ceremonies in front, which is very imposing. As the saying goes, civil servants sit in sedan chairs and military officers ride horses. He is indeed a military attache, and someone behind him gave him a guard knife. The other two people are holding hands at the dock for fear of scaring the horse or losing his front hoof. This is the most effective way.

Extended data:

The Riverside Scene at Qingming Festival is one of the top ten famous paintings handed down by China. It is a genre painting of the Northern Song Dynasty, and it is the only representative work of Zhang Zeduan, a painter of the Northern Song Dynasty. This is a national treasure, which is now in the Palace Museum in Beijing.

In the form of long scrolls, the author uses the composition method of scattered perspective to bring complicated scenery into a unified and changeable picture.

The distance between the bridge on the city wall and the house, the size of grass, trees, cows, donkeys and camels, as well as residents, pedestrians, boats and cars, are full of scenes and rich contents.

The Riverside Scene at Qingming Festival is not only a treasure of realistic painting art, but also provides us with first-hand information on the detailed images of the capital city of the Northern Song Dynasty in terms of commerce, handicrafts, folk customs, architecture and transportation, which is of great historical document value.

Its rich ideological connotation, unique aesthetic perspective and realistic expression techniques make it regarded as a classic in the painting history of China and even the world.

References:

Baidu Encyclopedia-Riverside Scene at Qingming Festival