The road to the extinction of the classic of the good old man —— Interpretation of the classic characters in Water Margin

It's a pity for the classicism to watch Water Margin. He was so brave when he appeared. Jin Shengtan criticized Chapter 13 of the Water Margin and wrote: "Originally, Bao Zheng's surname in Dongxi Village was Chaominggai, and his ancestors were rich people in this county. He devoted his life to making friends with heroes in the world, but someone came to him, good or bad, and lived in a villa. Help him up with silver chopsticks if you want to leave. I love stabbing guns and making sticks, and I am also strong. I don't marry a wife, I just play hard all day. " This character introduced and wrote the image characteristics of Chao Gai. He was born in a rich landlord, with a rough personality and a hobby of gun and stick martial arts. In order not to be haunted in Dongxi Village, Chao Gai "angrily seized the bluestone pagoda", and in order not to go to prison for his Liu Tang, Chao Gai "recognized the righteousness of Dongxi Village". These events are concrete manifestations of his enthusiasm for public welfare, kindness and daring to act. Chapters 14 and 15, "Seven Stars Gather Righteousness" and "The Outline of Outwit and Birth" are even more honest and bold in gathering righteousness and robbing the rich. 18 and 19, the peak period of Chao Gai's life is "seizing Liangshan", "respecting the first", "capturing Huang An alive" and "robbing businessmen". At this time, he first ascended the position of Liangshan Castellan and was respected by his brothers. He won two wars in a row, making Liangshan famous, rich in property and prosperous. Later, he didn't hate that he betrayed himself and saved Bai Sheng. Thirty-nine times, "Jiangzhou robbed the court", regardless of the risk to give the court to save Song Jiang. He is open-minded and grateful. He used to be in America, which is amazing. However, from then on, Classical was blocked by Song Jiang's aura and became the shadow of its strong light mapping, gradually fading out and disappearing into the sight of all the brothers, until Chapter 59, "The arrow that was thrown into the city", died. Why did his life suddenly turn for the worse, and he died before the heroes of more than 100 generals in Liangshan gathered? Why isn't he a member of the highest day on earth in Shijie Astronomy?

As for the death of Classical, it is written in the book that he was killed by a poisonous sword with Shi Wengong's name engraved on it. However, since the publication of the book, people have been suspicious of the statement in the book, and have made various explorations, with different opinions. On Baidu, some people think that this was specially arranged by the author Shi Naian out of artistic needs, and some people say that Song Jiang secretly arranged a nobody to film him while taking advantage of the chaos. It is also said that Lin Chong was poisoned by Song Jiang's instigation for classical medicine. Most people, including Jin Shengtan, think that Song Jiang is the culprit. Of course, some people think that Classical himself is reckless and impulsive, does not listen to advice, does not distinguish between authenticity and risk, and harms himself. I think all these are possible and reasonable, but the fundamental reason is that I believe that personality determines fate, that is to say, the main reason for classical death lies in himself. He is brave, but he doesn't know anyone. Benevolence, not anti-people; Attach importance to friendship, but not to people; Open-minded, so don't complain; Lonely, so Dont Ask For Help; Honestly, so Dont Ask For Help. In short, such people, despite their high martial arts, warm-hearted and great energy, are too easy-going and kind, do not know right and wrong, do not refuse people, do not want to offend people, lack principles, and belong to the typical image of a good man. It was the good character that killed him. The wicked, people often fear him; Good man, so people love him; And that nice guy, at first people supported him, and later people would despise him, but for a long time they ignored him, even bullied him and killed him. In my opinion, Chao Gai's life is the best presentation of a good man's tragic life. In other words, the tragic fate of Chao Gai is not only caused by his personality, but also by human nature. Therefore, the most fundamental internal cause of Chao Gai's death lies in his good character and the external cause lies in the evil human nature.

The classic good character in front of Shangliang Mountain is obvious. For example, I saved this ferocious stranger with only a few words from Liu Tang when I recognized Yidongxi Village. Later, when I talked about grabbing the birthday program, I praised it without thinking: "Brave! Besides, since you're here, I think you have some hard work, so go to the guest room and have a rest. I'll talk to you in detail tomorrow. " Visible, under the condition of elegance and non-discrimination, his heart has accepted Liu Tang's rhetoric, and began to ponder how to implement it. He has no insight and choice for people and is too credulous. Of course, Liu Tang is a hero and has no intention of harming others. However, not all people are good people and trustworthy. He Qing is an example. When He Qing helped his brother catch Classical and others, he said that he had gone to Classical with a gambler. In other words, Classical helped him, but he bite the hand that feeds him. This is the result of indiscriminate kindness. For Wu Yong, a wise man who made friends with him since childhood, Classical is sincere. He consulted everything, listened to everything, and had no doubts and precautions. Therefore, Wu Yong's "intellectual birth plan" is almost always planning and giving orders, making the greatest contribution. It never occurred to him that people would be conceited, change their ways, or even take their place? Although Chao Gai won the first place in the "Seven Stars Gathering Justice", it was mainly because Wu Yong and others wanted to use his fame, financial resources and courage to achieve this great event, and there should be a team and a team leader, who was elected by everyone, not because he wanted to organize a group to be the team leader. In other words, he was only the best team leader at that time, not that he really had leadership ability. In fact, the actual leader of the "intellectual birth control plan" is Wu Yong, not Chao Gai.

This is especially true when I first went to Liangshan to be a castellan. After Dan Liang's visit, when counted, Classical experienced three things. One is "conflict with Wang Lun and capture Shui Bo", which all comes down to Wu Yong. As soon as he went up the mountain, Wang Lun gave a big banquet and treated him with drinks. Originally, as a team lost by criminals and wanted criminals, he should be cautious at this time, observe his words and deeds and improvise to achieve his goal as soon as possible, but what about classicism? "Classical told Wang Lun and others everything in his heart from beginning to end", and told them frankly, without any talent. What was the result? "Wang Lun listened to, leng along while. He hesitated in his heart and could not make a sound. He pondered it for himself and made a false answer. "Wang Lun shocked along while, classical or didn't notice. During the break, he happily said to Wu Yong and other six people: "We have made such a big mistake, where can we settle down?" If it weren't for Chief Wang's wrong love, we would all have lost. Don't forget to repay this kindness! "Classics are not good at seeking things, and they are not good at observing people and asking for help. He is ridiculously naive about the necessary strategies of leaders. Fortunately, he has Wu Yong, an intellectual star, and he absolutely trusts him. He finally succeeded in establishing himself in Liangshan. However, after this incident, what will Wu Yong think? Although not explicitly stated in the book, there are hints, which can be seen from the incident of "Huang An arresting thieves and suppressing Shui Bo". Jeju government officials took two thousand people to catch thieves. This is the first time that Classical has become a city master. How is the classical performance? Chao Gai was frightened when he heard the news, so he consulted Wu Yong: "The imperial army is coming, how can we meet the enemy? "It can be seen that he usually has no consideration and proposition for Liangshan's planning and fate, so he panicked when something happened and asked others for help. At this time, Wu Yong obviously showed contempt and neglect for the classical style, but Wu Yong smiled and said, "Don't worry about your brother, Wu Mou will take care of it. Since ancient times, there has been such a saying:' water will cover the soil, and the soldiers will meet when they arrive.' "Obviously, Wu Yong has anticipated this situation and made preparations, so he is poised and his orders are firm. At the same time, this seemingly natural smile is significant. From his brother's words that don't need to worry at all, it is not difficult to see that Wu Yong knew that Classical had no plan and put Liangshan's great responsibility on his shoulders. This smile contains his own pride and self-confidence, as well as contempt and contempt for classicism. As a leader, classicism without tactics is unqualified. But compared with Classical, this poor Confucian identity is obviously unqualified. Wang Lun was scolded by Lin Chong, which is very contradictory. This is an example. Only by borrowing classical fame and tolerance can we effectively use our own tactics. Therefore, although he began to despise classical poetry, Wu Yong did not want to seize power and fight for position, so he was able to assist him wholeheartedly and could not bear to suppress him. Therefore, the third "robbing merchants and robbing gold and silks" is the robber's relaxed specialty. Wu Yong let Classical make the decision, and he just drank and watched. But all this, classical don't understand. He was still immersed in his behavior mode of being a good person, and solemnly told his brother who went down the mountain to get money, "Just take good money and property, and never hurt the life of a businessman." We are all so kind to the robbed objects, not to mention the brothers around us. For such an unscrupulous person, it is almost easy to hurt him, and there is no need to worry about the consequences. Isn't it safe to sell him for nothing? Think about it, because Wu Yong is wise and has no ambition. What would happen if it were someone else? The answer will be revealed soon, because such people will come soon.

When Song Jiang came to Liangshan and sat with Classical as the castellan, everything changed. As soon as he went to Liangshan, Song Jiang brought 27 new brothers, far exceeding the classical eleven brothers including Wu Yong and Gongsun Sheng, and took the lead in number. Moreover, as soon as the four leaders gave up their seats, Song Jiang preemptively and irresistibly issued a new order: "Don't take credit, the old leader of Liang Shanbo and his party sat on the left and the new leader sat on the right. We will decide how much to contribute in the future. " Classical seems to be unaware of this ultra vires behavior of making decisions without consultation and giving orders beyond the first leader, and has never said a word. Song Jiang is an ambitious and power-hungry man. For a man like Classical who only knows the friendship of his buddies, hello, I am good to everyone. He doesn't understand Song Jiang and is no match at all. So, he was immediately raised by Song Jiang, and the two most effective brothers, Wu Yong and Gongsun Sheng, quickly changed sides, or were wooed, impressed and used by Song Jiang. In a word, Classical was soon covered up by Song Jiang's verve, ambition and gas field, and became a shadow, a decoration, gradually faded and sometimes absent. Time and time again, Song Jiang returned home in triumph, and the brothers rejoiced, but the credit was theirs, and Classical had nothing. Chao Gai, the number one in the empty thatched cottage, once "loved stabbing and beating sticks, but he was also strong and did not marry a wife. He just played hard all day ",but now he is stopped by Song Jiang again and again to kill time in his own time. Is this the life he wants? Not to mention the political line of wooing and not wooing, from being confined to the cottage and unable to stab the gun and make the stick, to being unable to make suggestions every time he goes out, classical Chinese has existed in name only, not to mention that Liangshan brothers are obedient to Song Jiang, and Jianghu heroes only know Song Jiang and don't know classical Chinese. Classical, who was politically stupid and patient, finally sat still and insisted on sending troops in person to "crusade against Zengtou City". However, for a good man, once he no longer obeys the wishes of others, it will lead to disgust or hostility and even disaster.

Classical wanted to do something, but Song Jiang was not happy. Can one mountain hold two tigers? What's more, where is classicism? Classical always obediently listens to Song Jiang, so it is always safe, and disobedience is just a seasoned road, which classical doesn't understand at all. Look at him and Wu Yong, the strategist of Zengtou City. He only ordered 20 leaders and 5,000 troops. Is it naive, or are all the leaders succumbing to Song Jiang's helplessness, or are they arrogant and desperate to prove themselves? But it doesn't matter. Classical died of sword poisoning, leaving only inhuman entrust "take care, my dear brother. If he catches me, shoot me and teach him to be a water margin expert. "Classical died and disappeared in front of the highest day. His last wish will be ignored like his people, because he doesn't belong to them. He is not a lich king, but a sad nice guy.

Classical is of course a kind person, but kindness should also distinguish right from wrong, know good and evil, have principles and keep the bottom line. Kindness, you can't lose yourself and sacrifice yourself, because saving yourself and achieving yourself is always the premise of kindness and being a good person. "If you don't have fur on your skin, how can you attach it to it?" If you can't save yourself, how can you be better? If you have established your position, you have achieved your goal. You should make yourself strong at any time before you can take care of others. The concept of "leading a happy and complete educational life" advocated by network teachers means that teachers should be happy on the basis of learning, discovery, growth and self-realization, integrate their work with their own lives, and bring more knowledge, discovery, surprise and happiness to students. For students, blindly catering to people, please people, help people regardless of right or wrong, don't know how to refuse people, and don't want to offend people. Not only will they not get the favor of real friends and everyone, but they may even be ignored and disgusted. What's more serious is that they will lose themselves and confidence. Chao Gai's tragic life should give us such a warning: be a good person, but don't be a good person.

Read the characters together and discuss the design:

We will read this book together in the eighth grade. When discussing the character Chao Gai, I will divide the learning content into two parts (seventy editions) according to his life experience: Wei Zhen's first half life (13, 14, 15, 18,19,39), which is gloomy. Each part has one class hour, a total of two classes, and then a class hour is used for comprehensive appreciation of characters, and a total of three classes are used to complete the discussion and study of Song Jiang.

For classicism, although there are many answers to his question, the main description of classicism is in the thirteenth answer, and most other answers are mentioned sporadically, which is not the main function. Therefore, students can mark classical content to read and browse other content carefully. I will pass on a big question: Why did Chaotian Wang, who once dominated the Jianghu, go to the road of extinction? Guide students to appreciate this character. Let's pass on a few small questions: 1, what did Chao Gai do? Please comb and name them one by one. 2. What are the similarities and differences between the classics before and after being a leader? 3. What are the similarities and differences between classical and Song Jiang? 4. Are the seats and functions of Classical and Sung River consistent in Water Margin? 5. How to evaluate the classicality in the book? Mark the book and summarize it in a few sentences. 6. What kind of person do you think Chao Gai is? Describe it clearly in your own language. 7. Who killed Classical? 8. What inspiration did the classical life give you?

Guide students to analyze and explore according to the text, and then guide students to clarify their understanding and evaluation of classical poetry, so as to enhance students' reflection and recognition of their own lives, so as to get through this course and students' lives.

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