Questionnaire on Learning Needs of Rural Youth

Investigation on Learning Needs of Rural Youth in Yanhe County

As the main body of youth in China, rural youth are the backbone of rural economic and social development, and their survival, living and development conditions play a vital role in rural economic development and social stability. To build a new socialist countryside and accelerate the process of building a well-off society in rural areas, we must give full play to the advantages and functions of rural youth and condense their intelligence and strength.

The purpose of this survey is to look at the current situation of rural youth in contemporary China from four aspects: their basic situation, learning needs, the most concerned issues at present and their hopes and requirements for the future.

This survey was conducted by questionnaire. At the beginning of the questionnaire design, we conducted a preliminary survey of rural youth in Xinbei District and consulted relevant materials. On this basis, we designed a questionnaire on the learning needs of rural youth as the basic basis of this investigation. The investigation period was from July 20th, 2009 to August, 2009 1 1. * * * 35 questionnaires were distributed, all of which were recovered and 30 were valid.

The questionnaire involves four parts, namely, people's basic situation, learning needs, issues of greatest concern at present, hopes and requirements for the future, and 15 questions.

First, the basic situation of rural youth development in Yanhe County

Youth development

1, education level

Among the 30 people surveyed, 7 have junior high school education, accounting for 23.3% of the total number, 40.3% have senior high school education 12, and only1person has senior high school education or above, accounting for 37.3% of the total number. Nearly 83% of the young people are studying.

16.6% of young people are engaged in manual labor such as agricultural planting, agricultural breeding and individual enterprises. The survey shows that rural youth have low academic level, poor cultural quality and vocational skills, and most of them can only engage in manual labor with low income. The limitation of knowledge level directly affects the employment of rural youth.

2. Occupational distribution

Among the rural youth surveyed, men account for 30%; 70% of them are women, of whom 3.3% are married, 96.6% are unmarried, 83% choose to study, 16.6% choose to go out to work. The survey shows that there are more young farmers than young migrant workers. Although going out to work can not only let young farmers see the world, open their eyes, find their way out and learn skills, but also earn money to support their families, realize capital accumulation and prepare for further entrepreneurship, half of them still choose to study because of the influence of traditional concepts, cultural quality and vocational skills.

3. Status of household income

According to the survey, in 2007, 40% families earned less than 5,000 yuan a year, and their economic income could only meet the basic food and clothing needs of their family members, with no savings. In the interview, it was found that the main source of income of these families is farming, and there is no other source of income. Most of the income is used to buy seeds, fertilizers and other means of production. Land investment is high and return is low. This group generally thinks that farming is not cost-effective 40% of families have an annual income of 5000- 10000 yuan, and their economic income can meet the needs of food and clothing, and they have some savings. In addition to farming, the main income of these families is to go out to work or do business during the slack season. 20% of the families have incomes over 10000 yuan, and their economic income is relatively high and they are relatively rich. The main income of these families comes from the wages paid for their work. The overall consumption level is still low.

4. The most concerned issue under the current situation

Rural youth are most concerned about family livelihood, accounting for 3 1.3%, 23.3% are most concerned about rural medical security, 20% are most concerned about farmers' rights and interests, and 26% are most concerned about rural infrastructure and environmental construction. The survey shows that rural youth pay more attention to people's livelihood issues and have a strong willingness to participate in social construction.

5, to obtain their own skills or professional quality.

When investigating the ways for rural youth to acquire their own skills or professional qualities, it is found that 27.20% of rural youth study while working, 18.80% of rural youth acquire skills or professional qualities from books, 12.20% of rural youth acquire skills or professional qualities from schools, and only 14.00% of rural youth. There are many obstacles for rural youth to acquire their own skills and professional quality, which are mainly reflected in their low learning ability and poor economic conditions.

6. Requirements and hopes for the future

The survey shows that 83% of young people are willing to continue their studies, while 17% are unwilling to continue their studies. Among them, 17% of rural youth have no plans for the future, but just look around. 48.6% of rural youth choose to study technology and go back to their hometown for development, and 34.3% of rural youth intend to earn some money to go back to their hometown for development. In the survey of work purpose, 54.40% of young people think that making money is the main purpose of work, 23.30% of young people work to realize their self-worth, and 10.60% of them work to contribute to society. In the survey of whether rural youth have entrepreneurial intention, 32. 1% of rural youth often have entrepreneurial intention and are exploring, 28.30% of rural youth have entrepreneurial ideas, but they are not reflected in action, 16% of rural youth occasionally have entrepreneurial ideas, and 23.6% of rural youth have no entrepreneurial ideas. This shows that rural youth are highly motivated to start a business, but they are generally confused and have little expectation for the future. Rural youth urgently need the guidance and support of employment and entrepreneurship.

Second, the current outstanding problems affecting the development of rural youth

(A) the basic conditions affecting the development of rural youth

1, the village basic education is weak.

Compared with the national average, there is still a big gap between Guizhou compulsory education and the national average, and compulsory education still faces outstanding problems and difficulties. There are some problems in rural basic education, such as low level of teachers, weak management, single school-running mode and backward educational conditions. In particular, rural schools generally only attach importance to imparting cultural knowledge in the teaching process, and pre-service vocational skills education is very weak, failing to establish a connection between students' basic education and their professional needs and social needs, and failing to establish a balance between students' short-term and long-term needs, local needs and general social needs. There is an obvious tendency of "leaving agriculture" in rural basic education, which makes the students' learning ability, employment ability, job conversion ability and entrepreneurial ability poor, and affects the quality improvement and personal development of rural youth to a certain extent.

2. Vocational education is relatively backward.

Affected by the level of economic development, rural vocational education funds are seriously insufficient, school conditions are poor, and hardware facilities are seriously lacking. Coupled with the influence of traditional ideas, farmers are biased against vocational and technical education, which leads to the difficulty in the development of rural vocational education. According to the data provided by China Youth Research Center's Youth Development Report in Western China, in 2005-2006, 3.5% of the western population received vocational training courses, and 5.2% of all young people received vocational training courses. Judging from the coverage of vocational education and vocational training, the proportion of rural youth in Guizhou receiving vocational training is very low, which is still far behind the whole country.

3. The effect of ideological and moral education is not obvious.

Contemporary youth live in an open living environment, and various ideological trends are impacting the countryside. Some unhealthy trends and ideas, such as individualism, money worship and feudal superstition, have a negative impact on young people. Influenced by the traditional education mode, working methods and evaluation standards, rural youth education generally pays more attention to intellectual education than moral education, and ideological and moral education lacks rich and varied educational methods and contents, which is unattractive and appealing to young people and cannot exert its educational effect in ideological and moral construction of young people.

4. It is more difficult to establish grass-roots organizations in rural areas.

The construction of rural grass-roots league organizations is weak. In rural areas with relatively good economic conditions in Gansu, the attraction of league organizations is mainly reduced. In areas with poor economic conditions, it is mainly manifested that a large number of young people go out to work, and it is difficult for league organizations to find work targets. Among all kinds of "two new" organizations in rural areas, the league building work is relatively backward, and even there are blank areas, which fail to effectively cover young people. Basically, the cadres of the rural youth league are engaged in the work of the youth league part-time. They are generally older, voluntary and not enthusiastic about their work. Coupled with the serious shortage of funds and the lack of venues for activities, it is very difficult to carry out the work of rural grassroots organizations.

5. The cultural construction of rural youth lags behind.

At present, the cultural situation of rural youth does not meet the requirements of building a harmonious society and the spiritual and cultural needs of rural areas. The monotonous cultural life is a remarkable feature of the current rural youth cultural life. There is a serious shortage of rural public cultural facilities and places for young people's cultural activities, and there are few mass cultural activities for young people. The enthusiasm of rural youth to participate in cultural activities is not high. Rural folk culture lacks youth inheritance, rural legal education is not strong enough, and rural youth cultural associations develop slowly, which makes feudal superstitious activities and bad habits such as worshipping Buddha, divination and gambling rise. 2) Problems affecting the development opportunities of rural youth

1, the level of rural economic development is low.

Since the implementation of the western development, Gansu's economy has continued to develop, the rural industrial structure has been constantly adjusted, the comprehensive strength and self-development ability have been continuously enhanced, and the employment environment for rural youth has been continuously improved. However, most rural areas in Gansu have poor natural conditions, small economic aggregate, low per capita level and high poverty rate. The reform of rural land system and the progress of agricultural science and technology have solved the shortage of agricultural products, but it is still difficult for farmers to increase their income. A large number of rural laborers, especially young laborers, choose to leave the land to work in cities.

2. It is difficult for rural youth to find jobs and start businesses.

The employment situation of the whole society is grim, and the transfer of rural youth surplus labor force is outstanding. Influenced by factors such as employment concept, education and training level, rural youth are generally weak in employment and entrepreneurship, and most of them are engaged in low-income manual occupations. The "two young people" who graduated from junior high school and senior high school generally lack professional skills, so it is difficult to get direct policy support. Their professional orientation is "high and low" and they are at a disadvantage in the employment competition.

3. The social security problem of young migrant workers is outstanding.

The long-term dual economic and social division between urban and rural areas makes it impossible for young migrant workers to share urban public infrastructure and social welfare equally with urban youth, which leads to the lack and unfairness of the protection of young migrant workers' employment rights and interests. The difference between the right to education and the right to development, and the imperfect social security are the practical problems that restrict the development of rural youth.

Three. Countermeasures and suggestions for promoting the development of rural youth

(A) to strengthen rural basic education

As a basic function and responsibility of the government, basic education should be paid attention to by governments at all levels. It is necessary to adjust education policies through government actions, pursue education balance and fairness, support the development of basic education in economically backward areas, especially rural areas, increase support for vulnerable groups, and protect the rights and obligations of educated people. Increase investment in rural basic education, strengthen the construction of teachers, update educational concepts, actively build an "agricultural modernization education model" to meet the needs of agricultural development and young migrant workers, meet the needs of students' personality development, and create conditions for the development of rural youth human resources and the transfer of rural youth labor force.

(B) Pay attention to vocational education

Vocational education should improve the vocational skills and quality of rural youth, and cultivate rural youth from ignorance of occupations and majors to understanding, familiarity, proficiency and even preference, so as to have the ability to work and complete the role change from farmers to workers. First of all, we should change our ideas, highlight the strategic position of rural vocational education, increase publicity and guide farmers to change their understanding of vocational education; Secondly, we should reposition rural vocational education from the aspects of training objectives, school-running mode and training content, and vigorously develop rural vocational education; Thirdly, we should strengthen the construction of teaching staff, train double-qualified teachers, and make vocational education practical and combine with social needs. We should proceed from reality, adhere to the market-oriented idea of developing vocational education, develop vocational education according to the actual needs of rural economic and personal development, and continuously enhance the ability of rural youth to farm in science and technology and work in cities.

(C) to enhance the pertinence and effectiveness of ideological and moral education for rural youth

The ideological and political education of rural youth is a long-term systematic project, which needs the support and cooperation of party organizations at all levels, government functional departments and relevant groups. It is necessary to focus on the ideal education of rural youth, the education of modern civilization consciousness, the education of developing agriculture through science and technology and the education of modern agricultural consciousness, and carry out stratified education according to the characteristics of youth groups at various growth stages, reasonably determine the phased objectives, contents and methods from low to high, and strive to achieve practical objectives, easy-to-understand contents, lively forms, and enhanced pertinence and effectiveness. We should attach importance to the innovation of ideological education methods, change the education methods of preaching and reading newspapers in the past, take the issues concerning the overall situation and the concerns of teenagers as the starting point of work, integrate ideological education into daily life and youth group activities, and make ideological and political education truly enter the thoughts, work and life of teenagers.

(4) Vigorously strengthen the cultural construction of rural youth.

The most important role of culture for rural youth is the enlightenment of youth's subjective consciousness. Culture can enlighten young people's ideals, broaden their horizons and increase their talents. The cultural construction of rural youth should focus on serving rural youth to grow up, find jobs and start businesses, innovate carriers, increase investment, pay attention to construction, guide participation, educate and entertain, mold rural youth with advanced culture, give full play to the role of youth as a vital force in the construction of advanced culture in rural areas, and provide strong spiritual motivation and intellectual support for rural economic and social development. It is necessary to vigorously strengthen the construction of rural youth cultural positions, carry out colorful youth cultural activities, fully tap the potential of rural local traditional culture, increase the comprehensive management of rural cultural markets, and promote the healthy development of rural youth cultural construction.

(5) Guide rural youth to participate in the construction of a harmonious society.

The socialization of rural youth should be realized and promoted through their social participation in practice. It is necessary to continuously enhance the awareness of rural youth to participate in the construction of a harmonious society, actively guide rural youth to participate in social life in a scientific, standardized, rational, orderly, pragmatic and effective manner, broaden participation channels through the coverage of party organizations, actively cultivate and develop rural youth associations through strengthening guidance and standardized management, provide employment services for young migrant workers through training and labor base construction, and safeguard their legitimate rights and interests through legal means and reasonable channels. At the same time, we should enthusiastically encourage rural youth to participate in youth volunteer activities so that they can make contributions.

For reference only! ! !