Monk's fortune-telling story

Introduction to Russian: Animals and Plants in Russian

There have been many stories and legends about animals and plants since ancient times. In long-term life and practice, people find that the nature of animals and plants has many similarities with human conduct, such as the loyalty of dogs. Of course, sometimes people will subjectively add human qualities, especially bad qualities, to animals and plants. For example, magpies are not loved by Russians because of their singing, and they fall behind? Love to spread gossip? Bad reputation. People's praise and criticism of animals and plants are influenced by cultural factors such as national social life style, living geographical conditions, psychology, morality, aesthetics, values and religious beliefs. Many animals and plants are endowed with rich cultural connotations.

Next, I will give an example of animals, trees and flowers to illustrate.

I. Animal Bear (медведь)

Krylov wrote a fable "Hermit and Bear" (пусыникимедвед1/kloc- The performance is incisive. The hermit made friends with the bear. One day, the hermit fell asleep and the bear watched. It saw a fly stop on the hermit's face, so it waved its arm to drive it away, but the fly refused to fly away and finally stopped on the hermit's forehead. The bear lifted a big stone and hit it hard, thus killing his friend. Later generations called this kind of help, that is, helping, helping? медвежья услуга? .

Bears have multiple images in Russian culture, extremely powerful, clumsy and honest. These images appear in many Russian proverbs:? Медведь неуулюж, да дюж? This bear is clumsy, but powerful. Хозяин в дому, что медведь в бору? The owner of the house, the bear in the forest. Because bears are very powerful, it is difficult and dangerous to hunt them. Are there any proverbs? Счастлив медведь, что не попался стрелку, и стрелок счастлив, что не попался медведю? The bear was lucky not to meet the hunter, and the hunter was lucky not to meet the bear. Bears are big and inflexible. People use косолапыймедведд1000 (bear with inward toes

Bear. What else is there? Fiance? The image of. There is a Russian folk proverb:? Видеть медведя во сне? значит быть свадьбе? Dreaming of a bear means that the wedding is coming.

Can you imagine 1980 what is the mascot of the 22nd Olympic Games held in Moscow? That's the bear. Despite its shortcomings, this bear is deeply loved by Russians. ? Медведь Мишка? (Bear * * * *) is not only a favorite plaything for children, but also a common mascot in Russia. There are many surnames in Russia that consist of медвед, such as медвееееее (Medvedev), м. ? Bear? Used as a generic term? Russian? Pronouns frequently appear in newspapers and periodicals:? Why is Russia a friend of the bear? Wait a minute.

In China culture, bears often cause rough, powerful or clumsy associations, which are often derogatory. Generally speaking, what is the main symbolic significance of the bear in China culture? Stupid, incompetent, cowardly? . (for example? Are you Xiong Bao? )。

Second, birch (берёза)

Birch is the favorite tree of Russians.

Russians have the custom of taking a steam bath, which is inseparable from birch branches. People fumigate in hot and humid air first, and then beat their bodies with a broom made of birch branches to clean their skin and keep fit. Russians like to take a steam bath. After bathing, they were radiant and relaxed.

берёза (birch) plays an important role in the life of Russian people. Birch branches are cut into thin strips for lighting, tough bark can replace rope, and birch bark tar can be used as a preservative for lubricating oil and wood. At the same time, birch wood is hard, which is indispensable for building houses and making furniture.

There are many riddles about birch trees among the people, such as естдервообчетырее. Second. Third, treat patients; Fourth, keep it clean. ) The connection between birch trees and people's lives can be seen.

Birch is a beautiful tree with smooth bark, white trunk and graceful posture, which makes people think. In the eyes of Russians, birch is a symbol of women, which embodies their tenderness, innocence and beauty. Later, people also used birch to represent the motherland.

Birch trees are also indispensable in the engagement ceremony in Russia. Dali recorded this in a detailed Russian dictionary: берёзакаответсе.

Girls use birch branches to tell fortune, because they believe that birch not only has some feelings like people, but also has a better understanding of life. On the holy day (the 50th day after the resurrection of Jesus), the girls each chose a birch, reached for three birch branches and said? In the name of the Father, the Son and the Holy Spirit? Braid three branches together like braids, and finally tie the branches with red ribbons or ribbons. The red ribbon represents life, and the green branches represent hope. Three days later, the girls came to their birch tree. If the braids made by the branches were scattered, it would mean that the girl's wishes could not be realized. On the mourning day (семик) (a folk festival held on the seventh Thursday after Easter), girls dressed in festive costumes came to the forest, selected suitable birch trees, hung down their branches and stuck them to the ground, weaving branches with green grass to convey the vitality of plants to the earth. Girls weave tree rings with branches, but they are still connected to trees. A few days later, they broke the branches and took off the birch branches, then walked to the river and threw the annual rings into the water. Where the tree wheel floats, the girl's fiance is there. If the ring rolls back and forth or is hooked by something, then the girl's future life will be bumpy and difficult; If the ring sinks, the girl can't get married this year; If the ring comes out of the water again and floats against the current, it is an excellent sign; If the ring floats smoothly on the water, it indicates that the girl's family life will be happy.

Birch trees are also places where young men and women date and witness their love.

Birch trees are also indispensable in many religious ceremonies. For example, on Pentecost, Russians decorate the walls and platforms of houses, streets and churches with birch branches. This is not only for the sake of beauty, but also for the sake of adding fragrance to birch trees, eliminating diseases, eliminating disasters and exorcism.

According to historical records, in Russian history, the first month of each year (that is, April in the Gregorian calendar) is called? берёзовый месяц? (White Birch Moon), this tradition continued until the middle of14th century. But Birch Festival still exists today. Girls are singing and dancing around the birch trees in the forest, so there is a folk proverb "весёлаяберезкааа". Naming.

Russians also have the custom of burying the dead under birch trees. They think the dead will enter the birch tree.

In Russian culture, there are only a handful of words like берёза with such rich national cultural connotations.

Second, Iris chinensis (ивандамарья)

There is such a legend:

Иван-да-Марья - это скромный лесной жёлто-синий цветок.Люди назвали его так потому, что была одна русская сказка, в которой брат Иван и сестра Марья расстались в детстве.Потом они выросли, стали взрослыми, случайно встретились и влюбились друг в друга.Иван и Марья поженились и были счастливы, но вдруг слусайно узнали, что они брат и сестра.Иван и Марья не хотели расставаться и превратились в жёлто-синий цветок.А люди назвали его Иван-да-Марья.

Ivan and iris are common blue-brown plants in the forest. People call it that because it comes from a Russian fairy tale. In fairy tales, my brother Ivan and my sister Maria separated when they were very young. Later, they grew up and became adults. By chance, they met and fell in love. Ivan and Maria got married and lived happily, but by chance, they learned that they were brother and sister. Ivan and Maria didn't want to be apart, so they became a blue-brown plant. People call them Ivan and Maria.

Later, yellow and white irises symbolized faithful love.

In Russian, many animals and plants are endowed with rich cultural connotations, many of which are very interesting. Through them, we can learn more about Russian culture and all aspects of Russian life. From eluosi.liuxue86.com, Russia, I compiled Introduction to Russian: Animals and Plants in Russian on March 65438+May 5. 123 123 123