Is Freud, a heavy smoker, also considered to have a desire for consolidation?

May 6th is the 60th anniversary of the birth/kloc-0 of the great psychologist Siegmundt Freud. The ancestor of psychoanalysis school may be the most famous celebrity in psychology, although his theory is often marginalized in college classes (although his work is accumulated from a large number of case observations, it contains a very large proportion of subjective speculation, which is difficult to be falsified by experiments). Therefore, under the situation that contemporary psychologists urgently need to consolidate the scientific position of psychology, although Freud's theory has many insights and enjoys an important position in psychoanalytic technology, he has been challenged from all directions. If someone regards Freud as a synonym for psychology, then his/her dabbling in psychology will only stay at the stage of hearsay. Of course, this is several levels better than equating fortune telling with psychology.

Freud's theory may have a wider influence in the field of culture and art, which is one of the reasons why he can have such a high reputation in popular culture. There are many ways to know him, but today's birthday, I just want to talk about one of Freud's labels-a smoker. Readers who know Cantonese might as well call him a "cigarette shovel".

For Freud, smoking is really a life-threatening hobby. Since he started smoking at the age of 24, he has been out of control. Later, cigarettes were replaced by cigars, and he smoked an average of about 20 cigarettes a day in his life. As many creative people said, Freud believed that smoking made him think more actively and produce more. At the same time, his old man could not help but defend himself with the professional rhetoric of the subject, saying that smoking can also be used to train his self-control ability. In addition, he also told his colleagues that cigars and tobacco are substitutes for masturbation, so they are good habits that are beneficial to physical and mental health ... Well, since the elderly even feel that playing musical instruments is similar to masturbation, there is nothing wrong with this metaphor. No wonder his readers are surprised: this man can really talk about sex. ...

Obviously, this kind of self-control training ended in Freud's fiasco. Cigarettes shovel was finally diagnosed as squamous cell carcinoma of palate in 1923. In the following 16 years, I cooperated with experts in otolaryngology, oral and maxillofacial surgery, prosthodontics and general surgery to fight against the disease. In this 16 year, he made a * * *. However, even if his chin disappeared, the doctor had to separate his sinuses from his throat with a prosthesis, while the man continued to smoke. The master's perseverance is unimaginable ... Finally, Freud could not bear the pain and ended his life with an overdose of morphine. Everyone thinks this is an arrangement of euthanasia.

Oral consolidation

People who use tobacco in such a large amount can't help but remind people of their addiction. Freud's psychoanalytic theory holds that people are in a state of non-independence when they are young and must rely on their mothers' milk to feed them. At this time, the "mouth" is the center of baby's activities and interests, and it absorbs nutrition through the "mouth" to prolong life, so the muscle stimulation related to the "mouth" is very crucial for human beings. If the baby's basic anxiety is not satisfied, it will lead to the so-called "oral desire consolidation", that is, in the future career, it will continue to seek direct or alternative satisfaction for the serious lack of care in this period. Then, for adults, smoking may become a substitute for satisfying appetite. Cigarette butts, such as mother's nipples, will stimulate the muscles of the lips, and the inhalation process of smoke is similar to that of milk being sucked into the mouth. Dependence on smoking can satisfy the desire for nutrition and relieve anxiety. Whether smoking can really relieve anxiety is a funny part of psychology. There seems to be no final truth, but the achievements of various factions can enrich our understanding of ourselves and the outside world.

So, since Freud is so addicted to cigarettes, does it also mean that he has a serious consolidation during oral sex? Even if there is, I don't think there is anything to be excited about. Some people think that psychologists are immortals, who can solve everything, be healthy and resist all attacks, but they don't know that they are just flesh and blood. Although the smoke shovel paid the price for his "good habit", Freud lived to 83 years old after all, which is probably related to his taking time to walk on the ring road in Vienna every day.