The History of Ganlu in Wuxi, Jiangsu Province

I. History and Culture of Shijing Building of Huishan Temple in Wuxi Shijing Building of Huishan Temple is located on both sides of Gu Hua Gate of Huishan Temple in Wuxi, with Shijing Building of Tangtoroni in the south and Dabai Umbrella Building of Song Dynasty in the north. The distance between the two buildings is 10 meter.

1956 10 Jiangsu provincial people's Committee announced it as a provincial-level cultural relics protection unit. The classic building of Tan Taroni was built in the third year of Tang Ganfu (876).

High 6. 26 meters, base diameter 1.

48 meters. It consists of three parts: building foundation, building main body and building roof.

The building foundation is three groups of octagonal waist-girding bases, and the bottom is waist-girding Mount Sumi; In the middle group, the base is carved with seawater patterns, and four lions with different postures are embossed on the octagonal waist seal, which is covered with lotus petals. On the last set of octagonal corset, there are eight pot-door niches carved with Buddha statues and lotus petals on it, with octagonal seats on the lotus petals, railings carved on both sides and lotus petals on the corners. Standing on the balustrade stone pedestal, the building is an octagonal stone pillar with the Buddha's top and Dalagni Sutra engraved on it, which was written by Li Duan, a native of Bailushan.

The upper part of the building is decorated with an octagonal treasure cover, the four corners are decorated with lion heads, and the mouth is connected with beaded ribbons. On the cover of the treasure, there is an oblate stone with patterns of precious flowers engraved on all sides.

It supports the lotus petals, which have eight square column holes. It is estimated that the original stone carvings have been lost. Lotus is in the form of a corset column with eight pot door niches carved on it. Carved inside is a Buddha statue, and carved above is an octagonal treasure cover. The corner is carved with the head of Lux, as well as cows, sheep, antlers and fangs, which are very shallow.

Put a flat round stone on the cover, engraved with Ruihua's design. The roof of the building is an octagonal pyramid roof with upturned eaves and flat boulders on it. I didn't see any decorative patterns. It was a treasure.

The Divine Mantra Building of the Dabai Umbrella Cover in Song Dynasty was built in the third year of Xining in Northern Song Dynasty (1070) by Liu Yuangui in Jing 'anli, Wanshou Township, Wuxi County. High 6.

22 meters, foundation diameter 1. 40 meters

Its shape and size are basically the same as those of the classic buildings in Dontoroni. The building is engraved with spells instead of scriptures, and the upper and lower ends of the text are engraved with triangles and broken lines. After thousands of years of changes, Shijinglou in the Tang and Song Dynasties has been buried in the bottom three floors of the building foundation, and the ground has also been eroded and tilted.

1998165438+1October, the Institute of Cultural Relics Protection Technology of Nanjing Museum was responsible for the comprehensive restoration, raising two buried three floors to the present ground, and taking measures such as strengthening the body, filling gaps, and preventing wind to restore the original appearance of Huishan Temple. Huishan Temple is a relatively complete Buddhist stone carving art relic in Jiangnan area.

The building is tall and gorgeous, beautifully carved, showing the carving art style of the late Tang Dynasty. It provides valuable information for studying the ancient Buddhist art in China and the local history of Wuxi.

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2. What is the history of Shuangqiao in Zhouzhuang, Jiangsu? The so-called double bridge is composed of a stone arch bridge (Shide Bridge) and a stone bridge (Yongan Side).

Liang Shi Bridge, with a square hole, spans the entrance of Yinzi Bangkou, and the stone arch bridge spans the river between the north and south cities. Because of the confluence of the two rivers, two bridge decks, one round on one side, one vertical and one horizontal, are shaped like ancient keys, so the locals also call them "key bridges". These two bridges were built in the Wanli period of the Ming Dynasty (1573—1620). Shide Bridge is the credit of Xu Songquan and Xu Zhuxi, and Yong 'an Bridge is the credit of Xu. All three contributors are locals.

In the 30th year of Qingganlong (1765), Yong 'an Bridge was rebuilt again in 1957. The Shide Bridge we see now is 16 meters long, 3 meters wide and 5 spans.

9 meters; Yong 'an Bridge Length 13. 3 meters, 2 wide.

4 meters, span 3. 5 meters.

Shuangqiao is the landmark landscape of Zhouzhuang. There is also a touching story about Shuangqiao.

1984 In the spring, Chen Yifei, a young Shanghai painter who went to study in the United States, came to Zhouzhuang by boat to sketch. Because time is limited, he can't draw the scenery here one by one with a drawing board, so he has to record Zhouzhuang with photography.

After returning home, he created an oil painting named "Memories of Hometown" based on Shuangqiao, which was exhibited in armand, the chairman of American Western Petroleum Company, together with 37 other works in June+10, 5438. The exhibition of Hammer Gallery, to which Hammer belongs, caused a sensation.

1984 165438+ October, armand? During Hammer's visit to China, he gave the oil painting "Memories of Hometown" to Deng Xiaoping as a gift, which was passed down as a much-told story by all walks of life. Since then, Shuangqiao's "key" has opened the door to friendship in international exchanges, making Zhouzhuang famous at home and abroad.

3. What is the history of Kanluoji? Kanluoji is located in Jiuhua Mountain in the south of Anhui Province, and it is also one of the important temples in Jiuhua Mountain. It is located under the centering stone on the mountainside of Huacheng.

Formerly known as Kanroji, also known as Ganlu Zen Forest, in the sixth year of Emperor Kangxi of Qing Dynasty (1667), Li Chaojiu, a Zen master of Yulin, believed that if a temple was built here, there would definitely be monks. Dong 'an monk who lived in Hufu Cave for many years immediately raised funds to build a temple.

Legend has it that on the eve of construction, the tops of trees all over the mountain were covered by thousands of years, so it was named Kanluoji. In the middle of Qing Dynasty, Qianlong was expanded, Xianfeng was destroyed, and Tongzhi was rebuilt for three years (1864).

The main buildings in the outer hall of Kanluoji are the mountain gate, Ursa Mahayana Hall, Wei Tuo Hall, Ancestral Hall, Jade Buddha Building, Zen Hall, Dharma Hall, Guest Hall and Abbot. There is also a "Jiuhuashan Buddhist College" in the temple.

The forest around Kanluoji is lush, rainy and foggy, quiet and pleasant. The main entrance of the temple is unique. After entering the door, you will see the back wall, which is not connected with the courtyard. You must enter the hall from the gables on both sides.

The whole temple is set up on the mountain, with five floors, complete halls and neat pavilions. Backed by green hills, cool spring water flows through a corner of the temple.

There is a centering stone next to the temple, which is the place where Yulin monks rested in the past. 1983, Kanluo Temple was designated as a national key temple in Han area.

Fourth, the glorious history of Ehu Town Ehu Town has a long history and has the reputation of "ancient town, water town and important town". Ganlu was called "Yuexi" in China in ancient times. Since its establishment in 2009, the city has a history of more than 3,000 years, and it has the reputation of "eight lakes and blessed land" and "golden dew"; Dangkou was called "Ding Cun" in ancient times, and a market town was formed in Jin Dynasty, which is known as "Little Suzhou and Yindangkou". Rich in human resources. There are 40,000 square meters of ancient buildings, such as Kanluoji Temple in the south of the Yangtze River, the ancestral hall moved from Fahrenheit to Sangong Temple, Zhifu Temple, Huahengfang, etc. The Ganlu Temple built in the first year of Tang Ganfu (AD 876) and the Liedi Temple built in the third year of Song Xuanhe (AD 1265438) merged to form Ehu Town with many celebrities, and the Fahrenheit family was the noblest in Wuxi. According to county records, there were 37 Jinshi in Wuxi Fahrenheit in Ming and Qing Dynasties. Hua Sui, the pioneer of copper movable type printing in Ming Dynasty, modern scientists Hua and Hua Shifang, the first composer Hua who recorded a large number of pipa scores with letters, the national musician Hua in the late Qing Dynasty, the folk embroidery artist Hua Tushan who pioneered the method of random needle embroidery, the author and composer of Singing the Motherland, the famous cartoonist Hua, and the missile experts Huang Chang and Huang. In addition, the masters of Chinese studies, Qian Mu and uncle Qian Weichang, enlightened in Goose Lake, and academicians of Chinese Academy of Sciences, Qian, brothers, famous musicians, Liu Tianhua and famous educators taught in Dangkou Primary School in the town. In 2003, Ehu Town was rated as a famous historical and cultural town in Jiangsu Province.

Ancient Town: Ehu Town has a profound cultural heritage. There are many people with lofty ideals here in history. Today, there are still many former residences of celebrities and ancient buildings. It is the only "famous historical and cultural town in Jiangsu Province" in Xishan District. 20 10 was awarded the honorary title of "Famous Historical and Cultural Town of China" by the Ministry of Housing and Urban-Rural Development and National Cultural Heritage Administration. Zhenbei Ganlu was called "Yuexi" in ancient times, with a market history of more than 3,000 years and a reputation as "Golden Ganlu". Dangkou in the town was called "Ding Cun" in ancient times, which was formed in the Jin Dynasty and has the reputation of "Little Suzhou". Kanluo Temple, an ancient temple in the south of the Yangtze River in the town, has been an important Buddhist activity center in Dong Xi after the Tang, Song, Yuan, Ming and Qing Dynasties. Nearly 40,000 square meters of ancient buildings in Ming and Qing Dynasties, the first righteous village in the south of the Yangtze River, the moved shrine of Huashi, the three temples, the ancient theater of Zhifu Temple, the former residence of Hua and the house of Cai Hongsheng on both sides of the Beicang River show the unique "ancient town" style of Ehu Town and are unique resources for tourism development. There are many celebrities in ehu town. Hua Sui, the pioneer of copper movable-type printing in Ming Dynasty, brothers Hua and Hua Shifang, modern mathematicians, Hua Tu-shan, a folk embroidery artist who pioneered the method of random needle embroidery, Hua Tu-shan, a famous cartoonist, Qian Mu, a contemporary historian, Qian Weichang, a physicist, musicians and other experts and scholars were born or completed their enlightenment education here.

Water town: Goose Lake used to be an important water pier in history, with dense river networks and a water area of 20,000 mu, accounting for 25% of the total area. It is a typical Jiangnan water town. Goose Lake, which borders Taihu Lake and Yangtze River on the east side of the town, has clear water quality, beautiful scenery and rich products, and is one of the areas with relatively complete ecological protection in the south of the Yangtze River. Wang Yuhe, which crosses the border, has many functions such as shipping, flood control and water diversion. The aquaculture industry in Ehu Town is relatively developed, and it is the "hometown of aquatic products". The town's existing aquaculture area is 6.5438+0.2 million mu, and famous brand agricultural products in Jiangsu Province, such as "Ganlu" brand herring, Chinese soft-shelled turtle and "Qingdang" brand silver carp, have been cultivated, among which the output of herring is more than 800,000 Jin, accounting for one tenth of the whole province.

Important Town: Ehu Town has obvious industrial characteristics and is a well-known "hometown of color printing" in China. There are more than 200 color printing and packaging enterprises with an annual production capacity of more than 2 billion yuan, which is one of the earlier industrial clusters in Xishan. There are more than 500 industrial enterprises in the town, including 5 enterprises with annual sales exceeding 100 million yuan 10, and 82 enterprises with annual sales exceeding 100 million yuan, involving color printing, light industry, machinery, electronics, chemical industry, clothing and so on10.

Do you know the original name of Wuxi? Wuxi has a long history. As early as five or six thousand years ago, Wuxi ancestors settled and lived here.

At the end of Shang Dynasty (the end of 12 BC or the beginning of10/year), the eldest son of Zhou, Taibo, joined his younger brother to become the leader of the local aborigines in order to make the throne go south in constant tattooing, and built a city in Meiliping Market (now around Meicun Village, Wuxi County), which was called "Wu Gou" in history. After the destruction of the Shang Dynasty in Zhou Dynasty, the descendants of Zhou Feng established the State of Wu.

In the third year of Zhou Yuanwang (473 BC), Wu was destroyed and Wuxi was the state of Yue. In the thirty-fifth year of Zhou Xian (334 BC), the State of Chu perished and Wuxi returned to the State of Chu.

In the twenty-fifth year of the King of Qin (222 BC), the State of Qin destroyed Chu and set up Huiji County. During the new Wang Mang period (9-23 years), Wuxi County was changed to Youxi County.

During the Guangwu period of the Eastern Han Dynasty, it was renamed Wuxi County. During the Three Kingdoms period, Sun Wu abandoned Wuxi County, divided it into wasteland to the west of Wuxi County, and placed a captain of Piling Temple Farmers.

In the second year of Taikang in the Western Jin Dynasty (AD 28 1 year), he moved to Wuxi County, which belonged to Piling County. In Zhenyuan year (1295), Wuxi county was promoted to state, and in the first year of Hongwu in Ming dynasty (1368), state was reduced to county.

In the second year of Yongzheng in Qing Dynasty, Wuxi County was divided into Wuxi County and Jingui County, which belonged to Changzhou. In the first year of the Republic of China (19 12), the two counties were still merged and renamed Wuxi County, which belonged to Suchang Road.

16 years (1927), Wuxi county was directly under the jurisdiction of Jiangsu province. 1949 After the liberation of Wuxi on April 23rd, Wuxi County was divided into Wuxi City and Wuxi County, and Wuxi City was directly under Sunan District.

Jiangsu province was established 1953, and Wuxi is a provincial city. 1983, 1 in March, the system of city governing counties was established, and Jiangyin, Wuxi (Xishan) and Yixing were under the jurisdiction of Wuxi.

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The history of the intransitive verb Wuxi The historical evolution and organizational changes of Wuxi have jurisdiction over Jiangyin and Yixing.

Historically, Wuxi, Jiangyin and Yixing belonged to Yangzhou in Kyushu, Gong Yu. After the Qin Dynasty unified the whole country, today Wuxi is divided into three different administrative systems: Wuxi, Jiangyin and Yixing.

The scope of ancient Wuxi county is today's Wuxi city. Wuxi County was founded in the Western Han Dynasty and later changed to Youxi County, Xin Mang.

Wuxi County has been subordinate to Changzhou since Sui Dynasty. During the Yongzheng period of the Qing Dynasty, Wuxi County was divided into Wuxi County and Jingui County, and was merged into Wuxi County in the early years of the Republic of China.

After the founding of New China, Wuxi was divided into Wuxi City and Wuxi County. Soon, Wuxi was a municipality directly under the Central Government of Jiangsu Province, and Wuxi County was changed to Suzhou District.

From 65438 to 0983, Wuxi City governed Wuxi County, Jiangyin City and Yixing City. 1995, Wuxi county was renamed Xishan city. 200 1 Xishan city was revoked and transferred to Wuxi city.

Jiangyin belonged to Piling County in the early Han Dynasty, changed to Jiyang County in the Western Jin Dynasty, and was named Jiangyin County in the Liang Xiao period of the Southern Dynasty, which belonged to Jiangyin, Liangfeng and Licheng counties. During the Five Dynasties and Ten Kingdoms period and the Song Dynasty, Jiangyin Army was established and renamed Jiangyin County after the end of the Yuan Dynasty.

1987, Jiangyin withdrew from the county and set up a city. Yixing was called Jingyi in ancient times, Yangxian in Han, Yixing in Jin, Yixing in the beginning, Yixing in Sui and Yixing in Northern Song Dynasty.

During the Yongzheng period of the Qing Dynasty, Yixing County was divided into Yixing and Jingxi counties, and was merged into Yixing County in the early years of the Republic of China. After the founding of the People's Republic of China, Yixing County successively belonged to Changzhou, Suzhou and Zhenjiang, and 1983 was changed to Wuxi.

Wuxi county was built after the county government was established in Wuxi in Han Dynasty. According to Yuejueshu, "Wuxi City is 19 paces high on Tuesday, with a fourth floor door, a profile of 11 miles and 28 paces and a wall of 10 feet and 7 feet."

According to documents and archaeological findings, the county seat of Wuxi in Han Dynasty is located in the east of Huishan, between the ancient canal and Liangxi, that is, the northwest of the old city of Wuxi today. The shape of the city is two cities: Zicheng and Guo. Zicheng is located in the west of Shipi Road, north of Dongxi Street, east of Xicheng River and south of the westward extension line of Lianyuan Street.

Archaeologists have cleaned up the remains of ancient wells in the Han and Jin Dynasties in this area, and unearthed utensils such as pottery, which should be used by residents in Wuxi County. Guo Wei is an outer city, and its scope is roughly similar to Wuxi in the Song and Yuan Dynasties.

There are four main doors: Xichun Gate in the east, Yangchun Gate in the south, Liangxi Gate in the west and Lianrong Gate in the north, all of which have houses. At the end of the Tang Dynasty, Waiguo was built in the east, south and west of the county seat, and three side doors were opened: Guqiaomen, Xintangmen and Dongjiamen.

During the Song and Yuan Dynasties, a slightly oval turtle-back-shaped plane pattern was basically formed in Wuxi County. The city is divided into two parts, the east and the west, with the middle section of the Xianhe River of the Beijing-Hangzhou Grand Canal as the central axis.

There is also a bow river along the inner side of the city wall in the eastern half, and there are nine parallel arrow rivers between the bow river and the chord river, forming a bow, a string and nine arrows. At the end of the Yuan Dynasty, Zhang Shicheng built an outer city, abandoned the three gates, and built three gates in the south, west and north.

During the Jiajing period of the Ming Dynasty, in order to prevent the Japanese invaders from invading, the magistrate Wang of Wuxi once again built an outer city, brick walls and terraces. The East, South, West and North Gates were renamed Jinghaimen, Wanghumen, Shiquanmen and Kongjiangmen. Many battlements were built in the Qing Dynasty.

During the Republic of China, Guangfu Gate and Xinximen were built in the northeast and west of the city, and Jiangmen was renamed Shengli Gate. In the early days of the People's Republic of China, in order to adapt to urban development and facilitate transportation, all the city walls were demolished in April 1950, which lasted for one year and the ring road was built.

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Seven. Wuxi Yuantou Pig History and Culture When you come to Wuxi, you must go to Taihu Lake, and when you go to Taihu Lake, you must go to the source.

Yuantouzhu is a peninsula located on the northwest coast of Taihu Lake. It's named after the boulder that plunged into the lake. It looks like a turtle with its head held high. Beautiful scenery, beautiful scenery and natural beauty are the essence of Taihu Lake scenery, so it is called "the first scene of Taihu Lake".

Guo Moruo, a great contemporary poet, once wrote the poem "The beauty of Taihu Lake is always at the source", which made the charm of the source pearl spread all over the world. The source Pearl River Scenic Area was built in 19 18. It was originally built by a private tea garden by the lake, and then it gradually became bigger.

After the establishment of People's Republic of China (PRC), unified planning and development, scenic spots carefully produced, and now the scenic spot has reached 300 hectares. There are many landscapes, such as mountains full of hidden beauty, deer peaks facing the light, spring waves in the Pearl River, orchid gardens in the south of the Yangtze River, rolling snow in the waves, cherry blossom friendship between China and Japan and so on.

Walking in the lake, spring waves kissed the stone, clear water and sky: on the top of the mountain, the towering pavilion fluttered and the lonely sunset set in Qi Fei. Overlooking the lake, the bird island fluctuates; Looking at the mountains and rivers closely, the pavilions are faint.

The scenery changes in the morning and evening, and it is raining in front of you, and the taste is different. In mid-spring and April, Yan Ying Spring Bridge, the sky is crisp and the autumn is crisp, and the little blue pavilion in Lan Xiang has a unique style.

There are many scenic spots in Yuantouzhu Scenic Area. You can first climb the Shutian Pavilion in Luding Mountain, overlook the four directions and wash your mind, then go to Yuantouzhu, or walk along the flower path on foot, or wade barefoot across the low beach, or take a boat to make the lake clean, sit on the reef and meditate, climb the stairs to enjoy the beautiful scenery of Taihu Lake, and finally take a boat across the lake to explore the beauty and magic of Taihu Lake Wonderland. .