Fortune-telling in Liuyang Dialect _ Counting Eight Characters in Liuyang Dialect

Liuyang City, Changsha City, Hunan Province is located in which city and which district.

It belongs to Liuyang City, Changsha City, Hunan Province.

It belongs to Changsha, located in the northeast of Hunan, and is adjacent to Tonggu, Wanzai and Yichun in Jiangxi in the east. Pingxiang, Jiangxi, Liling and Zhuzhou in southern Hunan; West of Changsha, the provincial capital; Northern Pingjiang District, Yueyang City. Located in the "Golden Triangle" zone of Changsha-Zhuzhou-Xiangtan, it is 60 kilometers away from Changsha, the provincial capital, 40 kilometers away from Huanghua International Airport and 50 kilometers away from Beijing-Zhuhai Expressway.

Liuyang city has a width of 105.8km from east to west and a length of 80.9km from north to south, with a total area of 5007 square kilometers. The city has jurisdiction over 37 township, town and sub-district offices with a total population of 65,438+330,000. Liuyang's economy is supported by ten industries, such as firecrackers and fireworks, biomedicine, textiles and clothing, building materials, machinery manufacturing, mineral smelting, food processing, chemical plastics, bamboo and wood processing, flowers and seedlings. Among them, firecrackers and fireworks, biomedicine, textiles and clothing, flowers and seedlings are quite influential. At the opening ceremony of the Olympic Games, Liuyang fireworks lit the Bird's Nest.

Firecrackers and fireworks have a history of more than 1300 years, and are world-renowned. The output of "Liuyang Fireworks" is quite large. As early as Guangxu years, it has been sold to Hong Kong, Macao and Southeast Asian countries, becoming a brand-name product. After the establishment of People's Republic of China (PRC), Liuyang Fireworks were exported to more than five continents 100 countries and regions, and sold domestically in 32 provinces, municipalities and autonomous regions, and the variety grew to more than 3,000 13. 1995 Liuyang was awarded the honorary title of "hometown of fireworks in China" by the state; In 2002, the International Fireworks Association (IFA) was established with its headquarters in Liuyang. In 2003, the General Administration of Quality Supervision, Inspection and Quarantine (AQSIQ) implemented the protection of Liuyang fireworks' geographical products. In 2004, the State Administration for Industry and Commerce registered the famous trademark Liuyang Fireworks.

Baijia Town, Liuyang City, the hometown of flowers and trees in China, has a long history of flower production, with an area of10.8 million mu of cultivated flowers and trees and more than10.2 million varieties. These products are very popular at home and abroad. The planning area of Baijiabaili Hua Mu Promenade is 25,000 mu, and 30,000 mu of Hua Mu Base, Hua Mu Market, Floriculture Experience Park, Water Park and Ren Xian Lake Health Attitude Crossing Zone have been built.

Liuyang has been developed and built into the largest biomedical industrial park in the central and western regions, and cooperated with the United Nations Industrial Development Organization to become the only biomedical industrial park in China.

With the rapid development of various undertakings in Liuyang, the reform of property rights system, the establishment of financial security zones, urban construction and the optimization of economic environment are unique in the whole province, which is known as Liuyang phenomenon and has become a "national sanitary city", "national advanced county (city) for comprehensive management of social security" and "civilized city in Hunan Province". In the eighth ranking of the top 100 counties (cities) in the national county economy, three counties (cities) in Changsha, including Changsha County, Liuyang City and Ningxiang County, entered the top 100 in China. Liuyang city, 8 1.

A song "Liuyang River" is sung all over the Great Wall, located in Liuyang, a red land on the beautiful Liuyang River, with beautiful scenery, rich products and a long history. The charming Liuyang River.

In ancient times, Liuyang belonged to Jingzhou, which was named after the county seat located in Yangyang. Jian 'an 14 in the Eastern Han Dynasty (AD 209) was one of the "fiefs" of Zhou Yu, the general of Wu Dong. It can be seen that Liuyang County has been established since 1790. After modern times, there is a magnificent historical atmosphere here. A large number of outstanding party and state members have been elected * * *: 0 General Secretary of the Central Committee, Vice President of the State, Peng Peiyun, Vice Chairman of the National People's Congress, and Wang Shoudao, Director of the Central Advisory Committee. Tan Sitong, the first martyr in China who shed blood for the Reform Movement of 1898, and pioneers of the Republic of China, Tang and Jiao Dafeng. Dozens of bloody generals and tens of thousands of revolutionary martyrs have also emerged. It is these great men along the Liuyang River who have truly and powerfully changed the historical process of China and shaped the backbone and soul of a nation. The pride of Liuyang people-comrades

There is no place in the world like Liuyang, where beautiful flowers bloom from underground stones into the ethereal night sky; From a corner in central Hunan to the night sky of international metropolises such as Beijing, Shanghai, Hong Kong, Morocco and Paris. You can't help but admit that God's special love for this land has bred a rare treasure known as "the best in the world"-chrysanthemum stone. The outstanding charm of fireworks makes Liuyang people's wisdom light up the vast sky in China, and also lights up all the eyes that love beauty all over the world. Red _ wood is so bright and dazzling only under the inspiration of Liuyang people's ingenuity. The profound cultural heritage, the quaint Liuyang Confucian Temple, Kuiwen Pavilion and Shishuang Temple, a thousand-year-old temple, all show the wisdom and cultural heritage of our predecessors. Tan Sitong, a reformist in the late Qing Dynasty, founded the first mathematics museum in China in Liuyang when he was young, which pioneered modern education.

There is a kind of natural beauty here, and the Dawei Mountain National Forest Park, which has the reputation of "Pearl of Eastern Hunan", is an ideal tourist summer resort with beautiful mountains and rivers and flowing valleys. The world-famous Liuyang River is the eye of Liuyang's regional customs, and her graceful spirit is rippling at every corner. In addition, such as the simplicity of Shishuang Temple, the beauty of Liuyang Lake, the profundity of Gufeng Cave and the solemnity of Daowu Mountain, all make people shine at the moment, such as a glimpse of its mystery.

Patriotism is the eternal theme of the times and Liuyang cultural relics are the common wealth of the whole society. In order to give full play to the social benefits of Liuyang's cultural relics resources and serve the construction of two civilizations, Liuyang has established a patriotic education service center to comprehensively regulate and manage the construction and reception of various cultural relics, and has opened up a patriotic education tourism route with cultural relics as the main body and leisure and sightseeing as the supplement.

Liuyang tourism

The main tourist areas in Liuyang are: Dawei Mountain National Forest Park, Zhou Luo Scenery, Daowu Mountain, Zhushuqiao Reservoir (Liuyang Lake), Gu Feng Cave, Shishuang Temple, tianmashan, Liuyang Confucian Temple, Wang Sitong's former residence, Tan Sitong Memorial Hall, Wen Jia Autumn Harvest Uprising Memorial Hall and Wang Shoudao's former residence, which were listed in the fifth batch of cultural relics protection units in Changsha in 2007. In that year, it received 500,000 domestic and foreign tourists and earned 50 million yuan.

Among them, Shishuang Temple is a thousand-year-old temple; Shishuang Temple is a famous temple in Hunan, which is famous for its mountains. Shishuangshan, located in Jingang Town in the south of Liuyang City, is famous for its beautiful scenery. History records: "When Buddhism and Taoism flourished, Buddhism was the place to choose." This temple was built during the reign of Emperor Xuanzong of the Tang Dynasty. According to the inscription and brief introduction of Shishuang Temple, Shishuang Temple was built by Li Xian (874-888) in Tang Xizong and supervised by Premier Pei Xiu. Shishuang Temple once governed 48 monasteries and 5048 houses. Tang Xizong gave Xiangtian 300 stones, and it is said that he rode a horse and closed the mountain gate. Known as "the temple is 90 feet high and the Buddha is 70 feet high", the grandeur of the "Liuyang Giant Buddha" temple can be imagined. In addition, there are statues of Pei Xiu and Bao Zheng added by later generations. Existing temples include Daxiong Hall, Guandian, Zutang, Zhaitang, Fangzhang Room and Guest Hall. There are also many stone tablets and wooden tablets. Temple houses are in disrepair.

Location: Located in Jingang Town, south of Liuyang City.

In the Pingshan Gate in front of and behind the temple, there is a thousand-year-old cypress and an ancient ginkgo. It is said that the cypress tree tilted to the left when it was a seedling. Little novice monk tried to pull it out, but Phoebe stopped it. So it was surrounded by rocks and rocks, so it was named cypress, with a height of 30 meters and a DBH of 80 cm, and lush foliage. Nowadays, trees are dying and pagodas are everywhere. Monks and their successors, the founders of the temple, were buried near the back hill of the temple, while Cooper and Ginkgo were still standing behind the temple. Shishuang Temple is a famous moral Zen master, including Puhui (Zhu Qing), Ciming (Chu Yuan), Puwen (Longhu), Huinan and Fang Hui. There are five schools and seven schools of Zen in China, two of which originated from Shishuang Temple. "Buddhism in China" says: "There are Chu Yuan in the world, and there are two schools in the world, namely Huinan, Fang Hui, Kaihuanglong and Yang Qi. There are five schools in total, and the number is seven." According to legend, both the Truth School and the Lin Ji School of Japanese Buddhism originated from Shishuang.

administrative division

In 2007, Liuyang City was divided into 37 township, town and sub-district offices:

Four street offices: Huaichuan Street | Lianhua Street | Li Ji Street | Guankou Street.

Twenty-five towns: Gugang Town | Gaoping Town | He Yong Town | Yan Xi Town | guandu town Town | Zhang Fang Town | Dawei Town | Huda Town | Dayao Town | Jingang Town | Chengtanjiang Town | Wen Jia Town | Zhonghe Town | Taipingqiao Town | Chongchong Town | Puji Town | Zhentou Town | Baijia Town | Yong 'an Town | Beisheng Town | Yaodong.

Eight townships: Xijiang Township | Sankou Township | Qibao Township | Xiaohe Township | Huayang Township | Gejia Township | Guanqiao Township | Jiaoxi Township

Huaichuan Street: Chengdong Village, Liancheng Village, Shinan Village

Li Ji Street: Xiaoshui Village Dongsha Village Songshan Village Daowu Village Xihe Village Taihebu Village Baxian Village Pingshui Village Changqing Village

Lianhua Street: West Bank Village, Hu Ping Village, Wanjia Village, Gujia Village, Zhangshan Village, Dutou Village, Jin Tan Village, Qushui Village, Panjia Village, Fujia Village, Luo Zhi Village, Niushi Village, Tian Jiacun Village, Heling Village, Huangdong Village, Jingxi Village, Cao Zhang Village, Zaohe Village and Yunqiao Village in Yang Jiacun.

Guankou Street: Fuxing Village Head River Village Jinguan Village Guankou Village Yangxi Village Shengtian Village Qingping Village Peng Ling Village Yunling Village Dingjia Village

Gaoping Town: Gaoping Community, Tanyang Village, Lan garden village Village, Chuancang Village, Shiwan Village, Hexi Village, Xiangyang Village, Xinjian Village, Nanfeng Village, Zhimin Village, Yandian Village, Daping Village, Zhushuqiao Village, Ma 'an Village, Taohua Village, Shuangjiangkou Village and Sanhe Village have 1 neighborhood committee,/kloc-0.

Shashi Town: Renshou Village, Renshou Village, Maotian Village, Zhongzhoutan Village, Zhongshan Village, Zhongnan Village, Sixin Village, Huanghua Village, Luzhou Village _ Dongmen Village, Lianhua Village, Jiangkou Village, Xinhe Village, Qinghe Village, Xiaolin Village, Daqiao Village, Meili Village, Maojiang Village, Baishui Village, Leishenmiao Village, Forestry Village, Guihuaqiao Village, Shizui Village and Xiafang Village.

Chunkou Town: Fushan Village, Gaotian Village, Nankeng Village, Qianshan Village, Huangjing Village, Xihu Village, Luyan Village, Fengshu Village, Zhongan Village, Zhangjia Village, Zhan Ying Village, Pengjian Village, Huangjin Village, Liu Yang Village, Dongtuan Village, Shuangtian Village, Linjia Village, Luo Jing Village, Shanshan Village and Gongcun Village in Shi Cun.

Shegang Town: Village Fushou Village Huaqiao Village Baoxing Village Gutian Village Daxing Village Huang Hu Village Sanxing Village Huangxin Village Xiao Yuan Village Dayuan Village Shegang Village Beiyuan Village Xin 'an Village Luxi Village Nanshan Village Jiang _ Village Riqing Village Qingji Village Shuangjiang Village Yangyuan Village Zhengxi Village Dahe Village Wanfu Village _ Tou Village Shuangshi Village Jingchong Village Pule Village Suyuan Village Liancheng Village Jiyang Village Mingyuan Village Zhufeng Village guan shan cun

Daweishan town: Yangjiaping Village, Shijiao Village, Xiangyuan Village, Tongxing Village, Xiamaotian Village, Guanyuan Village, Middle School Village, Zhaowan Village, Jinzhongqiao Village, Dujia Village, Sanyuanqiao Village, Tianmin Village, Chudong Village, Aojiang Village, Yueji Village, Jiangkeng Village, Qinglan Village, Tianxinqiao Village, Oujiacao Village, Huamen Village, Aojiang Village.

Guandu town: Guanyintang Village, Shibei Village, Xitou Village, Nanbian Village, Tianjiao Village, Nanxi Village, Bingcun Village, Yunshan Village, Qiaogang Village, Zhushan Village, Songjiang Village, Jintangwan Village, Nanyue Village, Songzhou Village, Zhepeng Village, Julian Village and Jingchong Village.

Zhang Fang Town: Shouhe Village, Village, Chalin Village, Zhang Fang Village, Yumen Village, Murata Village, Xixi Village, Hongcun Village, Shuangxi Village, Jinzhong Village, Huyang Village, Fuxi Village, Xiaoxi Village, Huaao Village, Sanqiao Village, Hongsha Village and Qixi Village.

Huda Town: shi ban cun, Tantou Village, Dingshan Village, Shujiang Village, Zhenpei Village, Jiaohua Village, Village, Tiaotou Village, Toyota Village, Village and Xiyuan Village.

Yan Xi Town: Mopan Village Shatang Village Zhang Qing Village Xinxi Village Tian Li Village Panxi Village Dongyong Village Wanbao Village Daguangyuan Village Louwan Village Yanjialing Village Guanghui Village Xinggong Village Renhe Village guangdong village Zishan Village Tangtian Village New Countryside Salon Village Hedong Village, Dawu Village, xishan village

He Yong Town: Sanlian Village Xinshi Village Futian Village daling village Quantang Village Jinqiao Village Nian Shi Cun Li Jiacun Shiganghu Village Chengtan Village Shijiang Village Cai Village

Dayao Town: Village Liangci Village Outang Village Pengjiachong Village Wanjiaao Village Linfeng Village Luxi Village Tianzipo Village Huatang Village Yuanjiawan Village Road Dongcun Jiuhua Village Tian Yang Village Nanmu Village Dayao Village Tea Garden Village Nanzhushan Village Biandantang Village Ambitious Village Xinjian Village Long _ Village Keng North Village Huanghuadi Village Paishan Village Aoxiapeng Village Liaoyuan Village Dongfeng Street Village.

Zhentou Town: Tian Liang Village Tuqiao Village Lianhuatai Village Pingda Village Huilong Village Lianshan Village Shizi Village Fengming Village Xiaoheqiao Village Jiankou Village Ximan Village huashan village Jinpai Village Chetian Village Ma Jing Village Road East Village Gao Feng Village _ Rongbo Village Daji Village Matian Village Jiangdong Village Shishang Village Beixing Village jinji village Shijiachong Village Nanmen Village Jinglong Village Yangmei Village Bai Shu Village Shuikou Village Gao Qiao Village.

Puji Town: yangqiao Village Muma Village Tuanshan Village Dawangba Village Zuogao Village Qinglong Village JOE Village Gao Chong Village Datong Village Guo Jing Village Xi 'an Village Yinglong Village Shu Qi Village Tielu Village Chunjiang Village Inch Shi Cun Yicang Village Xiayuan Village Dazhong Village Shetang Village Shanshui Village Tangwan Village Jin Jiwan Village Dashu Village Longzhou Village Huxi Village Niuchang Village Huanglong Village Ma 'an Village Hengjiang Village Suanzhou Village.

Yong 'an Town: Yong 'an Village Yongming Village Hongqi Village Liren Village Shengjing Village River _ Village Guihua Village Zhu Ling Village Fuxing Village Li Geng Village Ahua Village and Fengcun Wanjia Village Longzhuan Village Shuishan Village High School Village Zijiang Village Changting Village Stone _ Village Chetian Village Lutang Village Shengli Village Yufeng Village Yonghe Village machang village Tianxing Village Duzheng Village Xihu Village Shitan Village Qiling Village Pai Village.

Beisheng Town: Yangjiaoshe Village, Lujialing Village, Chaobei Village, Xinjiang Village, Mazhan Village, Jutian Village, Huangjiang Village, Luzhu Village, Shijing Village, Qiaoshang Village, Dajiang Village, Baishan Village, Shiziwan Village, Penggu Village, Longtang Village, Yijiachong Village, Bamaotan Village, Liangbei Village, Bajiao Village, etc.

Long Fu Town: Fuyuan Village Fuxing Village Spring Village Xinkai Village Taibai Village Hongshan Village Huangqiao Village Huamei Village Roy Village Dafeng Village Jiaoqiao Village Li Village Peiwen Village Shuangting Village Xintian Village xinfeng village Village Lianfeng Village Pan Village Zhezhuang Village Shangyu Village Zhuyuan Village Shallow Boat Village Baiyan Village Hengdong Village Phoenix Village.

Chengtanjiang Town: Mao Ping Village, Sanguan Village, Hu Aishu Village, Ma Shang Village, Honglian Village, Huajiang Village, Yangshan Village, Jia Zhu Village, Wutian Village, Tianshan Village, Sanxing Village, Shuizhu Village, Yuanchong Village, Yangsi Village, Daping Village, Bixi Village, Longhua Village, Qiaotou Village, Sanche Village, Baifu Village and Shanxia Village.

Zhonghe Town: Yunjushan Village, Qiji Village, Dingzi Village, Yingjia Village, Qingxi Village, Tanqian Village, Jin Shu Village, Minxi Village _ Gucun Jinxing Village, Sanyuan Village, Louxi Village, Huangsha Village, Tongluo Village, jian shan, Changshou Village, Southwest Village, Caoping Village, Hekou Village, Xiaojiangkou Village and Dengjiawan Village.

Jingang Town: Yima Village, Shanhu Village, Xiejiazhou Village, Quanjiang Village, Shaluo Village, Shihuichong Village, Jiangsha Village, Hutan Village, Lianshui Village, Jiekou Village, Mozhuang Village, Zhongzhou Village, Huangcun Village, Bai Wan Village, Jingang Village, Wenchang Pavilion Village, Dong Liu Tang Village, Pingqiao Village, Pingshan Village, Kengkou Village and Pingqiao Village.

Wen Jia Town: Murakami Village, Hetian Village, Zangqian Village, black dragon Village, Shu Mei Village, Chenggong Village, Yanjiatan Village, Jiuzhu Village, Daping Village, Jianxi Village, Xiashaxi Village, Laoshan Village, Qingshan Village, Qian Lou Village, Kengtian Village, Tangdan Village, Huanghuachong Village, Nanjia Village, Shengsheng Village, Baixi Village and Zhongbaixi Village.

Taipingqiao Town: Village Head of Liuxi Village Bucun Shechong Village Feng Jia Village Hanjia Village Shamao Village Shuiwei Village Qiao Heng Village Ji 'an Village Tangjia Village Cangwan Village Lu Qian Village Xiaoshuichong Village Huaishuchong Village Tian Xin Chong Village Xinmin Village Liren Village Shanzao Village

Chongchong Town: Xiayao Village Pingping Village Fangzhi Village Yangjialong Village Jiangshan Village Jiayuan Village Dongwan Village Dongjiatang Village Zengjia Village Xiaojiaping Village Head Village Gupi Village Fengyi Village Xiyuan Village Dingtou Village Huangban Village long hu cun Qibu Village Gaojiazhou Village Ye He Village Cheguan Village Powan Village dongjiacun Tuhe Village Jiya Village Nanshan Village Yutang Village Xinhu Village Qingshan Chong Village Zhangjiadian Village Deyi Village Half zhu cun.

Baijia Town: Baijia Village Zhou Shuang Village Nanzhu Village Lianxing Village Jingu Village Fengyuan Village Xinyuan Village Heyuan Village Dutou Village Lingsi Village

Dongyang Town: Longdong Village Jiuxi Village Zhongchuan Village Zhongyuan Village Bangshan Village Ruilin Village Jiangtou Village Kerry Village Guiwu Village Dongyang Village Guanqian Village Xiaodong Village Qingshui Village Tangjialong Village Daijiaqiao Village Shengjiling Village Renheng Village Yanziba Village yuanjiacun Fengjiang Village Dajingqiao Village Aiqiao Village Yangjiatan Village Li Mao Village

Xiaohe Township: Xinhe Village, Tanwan Village, Tianxin Village, Huochang Village, Huang Bei Village and wushi village Yanping Village (Xiaohe Township merged several villages).

Qibao Xiangshan: _ Zhucun Tanghe Village Xiling Village Shengping Village Hengkeng Village Tongren Village Huaqiang Village heng shan cun Baoshan Village Tieshan Village Jing Quan Village Fenghuang Village Chengjian Village Hongzhuang Village Zhantan Village Jiangyujiang Village Shizishan Village Bankeng Village _ Dragon Village

Sankou Township: Bayi Village Bailu Village Zhushanping Village Huanggang Bridge Village Shiquan Village Yangchun Village Xiaoxiang Village Guanghua Village Yankeng Village Liu Qi Village Xiaoshuilong Village Sankou Village.

Xijiang Township: Jintian Village Zhatian Village Doumen Village Baiju Village Jiangtian Village Changxi Village Zhujiang Village Tanpeng Village Xijiang Village Huli Village Maogangping Village Huamian Village Daoyuan Village Xiandong Village

Huayang Township: Huayang Village Li Duan Village garden village Shandou Village Dashan Village Guange Village Maojiadian Village Huanggangchong Village Xinying Village Sanyuangong Village Xianghe Village Dafeng Village Laogui Village

Gejia Village: Lvdian Village Guanbai Village Xinlian Village Shilong Village Fuxia Village Gejia Village Xiaochong Village Majia Village Longtan Village Yuji Village Xihong Village Shimen Village Qingxin Village yuanjiacun Datang Village Xiao Yuan Village Youpu Village xiang tang Village Baiyan Village

Guanqiao Township: Tang Lin Village Huitong Village hejia village garden village Xiaobei Village Suxi Village Dazhuang Village Deshen Village Dongzhu Village Shuanghe Village Chunsheng Village Lanfen Village Pailou Village Qifeng Village Guanqiao Village Xiashan Village Song Ya Village Changpo Village Wan Chuan Village Meiyuan Village Li Jiacun Shanshan Village

Jiaoxi Town: Zaotian Village, Shui Yuan Village, Jiaoxi Village, Fengcun Village, Goldman Sachs Village, Jinyun Village.

Population, language

Liuyang population 1.34 million, covering an area of 5,007 square kilometers. It has jurisdiction over 33 townships, 4 sub-district offices and 4 13 villages (residences), with 300,000 married women of childbearing age and more than 200,000 floating population.

Liuyang was massacred by war in history, and most of the current residents moved from all over the country in the early Qing Dynasty. So there are many dialects and ethnic groups coexisting, and the distribution map of dialects in Hunan and Jiangxi provinces.

Hakka Chinese

The history of Hakka (English: hakska) is the epitome of the formation history of the Han nationality, full of bitterness and legend. During the Yongjia Rebellion in the Western Jin Dynasty, a large number of Han people in the Central Plains fled to avoid the disaster of war, and after moving south to Fujian, Guangdong and Jiangxi, they formed their own unique language and customs, which were handed down from generation to generation. According to the research of historian Mr. Luo Xianglin, these branches of the Han nationality have migrated four times and spread far and wide at home and abroad until today. According to experts' statistics, there are about 80 million to 1 100 million Hakkas in more than 80 countries and regions in more than 80 provinces and autonomous regions, 180 cities and counties.

In the late Ming and early Qing dynasties, Liuyang moved into a large number of Hakkas, mostly from Jiangxi. Most of the reasons why Hakka ancestors moved to Liuyang were the expansion of the original population, so they had to move out in order to survive. Some moved out to avoid the intensification of conflicts with Jiangxi people. Most of them live in Jiangxi. After these ancestors came to Liuyang, most of them lived in groups, some lived with local people, and some didn't call.

The Hakkas in Liuyang are mainly distributed in the eastern and northern regions. There are Hakkas in more than 20 towns and villages with a population of about 200,000, mainly distributed in Dongxiang and Beixiang. Historically, the eastern area to the east of Gugang Town is basically a pure Hakka town, and there are more than ten townships with Hakka in Dongxiang, including Xiaohe (including Fengxia Township), Zhang Fang (Shang Hong, Ren Xi and other places), Dawei Mountain, Qibaoshan, Baisha, Yonghe, Gugang, Sankou and Gaoping, with a population of 60 people. There are Shegang, Long Fu, Shashi, Tianshan, Chunkou and other towns in the north, with about 50,000 Hakkas. In addition to the above, there are some scattered throughout the city (such as some towns and villages such as Nanxiang Zhonghe).

Hakka people moved to Hunan with Jiangxi as a springboard and lived here for more than 300 years. The most surprising thing is that there is no difference between Liuyang Hakka dialect and Yuedong Hakka dialect, and they can communicate with each other fluently without any obstacles. However, at present, only Xiaohe and Zhang Fang have strong Hakka customs, and the Hakka culture in other towns and villages has not been preserved much, especially the Hakka dialect on which Hakka people rely has been lost. In some towns and villages in the Eastern District, such as Yan Xi, Yonghe, Gugang and Guandu, some old people can still speak Hakka fluently, but their descendants can't speak Hakka. It makes people sad to think of the ancestral motto of Hakka people, "It is better to sell 0 fields than 0 words".

As the Han nationality who migrated to the south in ancient times, there are also a large number of ancient rhyming words in the language of Hakka people, such as: eat-eat, sleep-sleep, rain-fall into the water, you-etc., we-etc.

It is worth mentioning that in the modern history of China, there are some Liuyang Hakkas (or descendants of Hakkas) who have made great contributions and won everlasting fame. Among them, Li Zhen, the first female general in China, Yong Yang, commander and general of Chinese people's Volunteer Army and general secretary of the Central Committee, are the most outstanding.

At present, Liuyang Hakka culture is in a marginal position, and its disappearance and assimilation are serious. Liuyang Hakka culture is facing crisis and needs to be protected urgently.

Gan dialect

Liuyang dialect belongs to Yi (Chun) Liu (Yang) dialect of Gan dialect, and is the main language of Liuyang, which is widely used in Liuyang city and most parts of the south.

Gan dialect is mainly spoken in most areas of Jiangxi, southeastern Hunan, southeastern Hubei, southwestern Anhui and northwestern Fujian, and is the de facto common language in these areas. The population using Gan dialect is about 5 1.48 million, accounting for about 5% of the national population.

Gan dialect can be divided into nine dialects, with Nanchang dialect as the representative language or standard pronunciation. At the same time, the degree of intercommunication between Gan dialects is also very high.

Gan dialect is not strictly "Jiangxi dialect". Besides Gan dialect, there are Hakka dialect, Wu dialect, Jianghuai Mandarin, Southwest Mandarin and other Chinese dialects in Jiangxi. At the same time, such as Hunan, Fujian, Anhui, Hubei and other provinces also have the population distribution of Gan dialect.

Liu Yiping: including Yichun, Yifeng, Shanggao, Qingjiang, Xingan, Xinyu, Fengcheng and Wanzai. Liuyang City and Liling City in Hunan Province also belong to this film.

The characteristic of Liu Yi's films is entering tone, but the tone of words such as "100% white and 6% green" is the same regardless of yin and yang. There is no difference between yin and yang in removing sound. Fengcheng and Wanzai are divided into yin and yang, with yin entering low and yin entering high. This is an exception.

Except for neologism, the aspiration of Liu Yipian's initials does not affect the differentiation of tone categories.

The tones in Yifeng, Shanggao, Xingan and Wanzai counties have tone sandhi, which is a high tone, indicating nicknames, nicknames and contempt.

hunanese

Liuyang Xiang dialect area is mainly distributed in Xixiang and Beixiang, represented by Zhentou dialect.

Xiang dialect, also known as Xiang dialect or Hunan dialect, is mainly distributed in a considerable part of Hunan Province, Chinese mainland, Chongqing near Hunan and some parts of Guangxi. Represented by Changsha dialect and Shuangfeng dialect.

Xiang dialect can be divided into new Xiang dialect and old Xiang dialect.

The main branches of New Xiang dialect are in Changsha (except Liuyang near Jiangxi), Zhuzhou City, Zhuzhou County, Xiangtan City, Xiangtan County, Xiangyin, Miluo City, southern Huarong County and most parts of Yiyang (urban area, Taojiang, Yuanjiang, Anhua and Nanxian). In addition, due to the rise of some large mineral groups in southern Hunan in the middle of last century, Xinxiang dialect has also formed dialect islands in some areas of southern Hunan, such as Xiang Yong Coal Mine in Yongxing County of Chenzhou and leiyang city Baisha Coal and Electricity Group under Hengyang. Xinxiang dialect is greatly influenced by Mandarin and Gan dialect.

Old Xiang dialect is distributed in Hengyang, Loudi, Shuangfeng, Xiangxiang, Yongzhou and other areas, which is less influenced by foreign dialects and well preserved. The interoperability between the old and new Xiang dialects is low.

In April of 20021year, Liuyang ranked eighth in the national ranking of urban communication heat (county-level cities) in 20021year.

In April, 20021,Liuyang was selected as the first top 100 cultural cities in China in 20021.

202 1, 1, Xiaokang magazine published the list of top 100 counties and cities in China in spring, and Liuyang ranked 62nd.

202 1, 1, in 2020, the ranking of influential counties in rural revitalization communication was released, and Liuyang ranked 377th.

In 2002110/0, the Central Civilization Office confirmed the list of cities nominated for national civilized cities in the founding period of 20021-2023, and Liuyang was on the list.

From June 5438 to February 2020, the Ministry of Housing and Urban-Rural Development named Liuyang as a national model city, county and village for barrier-free environment.

From June 5438 to February 2020, the Ministry of Housing and Urban-Rural Development announced the list of national rural domestic sewage treatment demonstration counties (cities, districts) in 2020, and Liuyang City was on the list.

From June 5438 to February 2020, the list of the top 100 counties and cities with national investment potential in 2020 was released, and Liuyang ranked 28th.

From June 5438 to February 2020, Liuyang ranked fourth in the list of the top 100 demonstration counties and cities in China in 2020.

In June 2020 165438+ 10, the list of the top 100 counties and cities with comprehensive competitiveness of county tourism in 2020 was published, and Liuyang was on the list.

In July, 2020, 20 19 National Top 100 County Economy List was released, and Liuyang ranked 14.

In May 2020, the National Development and Reform Commission announced the demonstration list of new urbanization construction in county towns, and Liuyang City was on the list.

In March 2020, CCID released the top 100 counties in central China in 20 19, and Liuyang ranked second.

June 5438 +2020 10, the Ministry of Agriculture and Rural Affairs identified Liuyang as the fourth batch of demonstration counties (cities, districts) in China that took the lead in basically realizing the whole mechanization of main crop production.

In 2020, Liuyang was selected as one of the top 100 counties and cities in China on 20 19, and the representative scenic spot was the Autumn Harvest Uprising Memorial Park.

In August of 20 19, the list of comprehensive demonstration counties for e-commerce in rural areas in 20 19 was released, and Liuyang was on the list.

From 2065438 to March 2009, Liuyang City was included in the list of the first batch of revolutionary cultural relics protection and utilization counties (Hunan, Hubei and Jiangxi regions).

20 19 Liuyang city was selected as the implementation county of 20 19 green cycle high-quality and efficient characteristic agricultural extension project.

20 18, 1 1, the list of the first batch of national innovative counties (cities) was announced, and Liuyang City was shortlisted.

20 16 12, Liuyang city was named as "the first batch of national agricultural product quality and safety counties" by the Ministry of Agriculture.

In 2005, Liuyang ranked 5 1 among the top 100 counties of meat production in 2005.