Fortune telling, fortune telling

The national symbol of the Republic of South Sudan

After signing the Comprehensive Peace Agreement in 2005, southern Sudan has implemented a high degree of autonomy. In 2005, Kiel became the chairman of the southern Soviet autonomous government and was re-elected in the Soviet general election in April 20 10. After Kiel came to power, relying on the "Sudan People's Liberation Movement", the primary task was to maintain the overall stability of the North and the South and realize the smooth independence of the South. 201111October, southern Jiangsu held a referendum on whether to be independent, and 98.83% of voters chose independence. 20 1 1 On July 9, 2008, South Sudan became independent. South implements a system of separation of legislative, executive and judicial powers, and the central and state governments enjoy legislative power. The President, the Vice President and the Speaker are from Dinka, Bari and Nouvel, respectively, maintaining the overall balance of tribes and regions.

20 13 12, a fierce armed conflict broke out between South Sudanese President Kiel and the opposition led by former Vice President Mashal. 20 14, 14 In June, with the strong mediation of the East African Intergovernmental Authority on Development (IGAD) and other parties, the two sides of the South African conflict opened peace talks and signed a ceasefire agreement in Ethiopia. Peace talks are still going on, but the conflict has not completely subsided. Directly presided over by the president, there is no post of prime minister.

On October 20 1 1 July11,President Kiir of the Republic of South Sudan issued a presidential decree appointing presidential advisers and government ministers. On August 26th, President Kiir issued another presidential decree to appoint new cabinet members. 20 13 On July 23rd, President Kiel announced the dismissal of Vice President Mashal and the dissolution of the Cabinet. On August 7, the new cabinet was sworn in. The main members are as follows: President salva kiir mayardit and Vice President James Wani Igga. There are six presidential advisers: Mrs Rebecca Nyandon de Mabio, Joseph Lagu, Mr Tejral Linden, Mr Thor Deng Mawain, Mr Mark Lotende Lochapi and Mr Agre Tisza Sabuni.

There are 65,438+08 government ministers: Martin Elia Lomro, Minister of Cabinet Affairs, Kul Yang Man You Ke, Minister of Defence and Veterans, and Dr Barnabas Maria Benjamin, Minister of Foreign Affairs and International Cooperation. Minister of National Security Service Aubuto mamer Mette, Minister of Justice Tarad Linden, Minister of Interior and Wildlife Protection Aleutian Ayeni Aleutian, Minister of Finance, Commerce and Economic Planning Aguirre Tissa Sabuni; Minister of Labor, Public Service and Human Resources Development Ngor Kolong Ngor and Minister of Information and Broadcasting Michael Marquey Rutte. Riak Gai Kok, Minister of Health; Beda Machar Deng, Minister of Agriculture, Forestry, Tourism, Animal Resources, Fisheries, Cooperatives and Rural Development; Kuong Dan Hier Ruark, Minister of Transport, Roads and Bridges; John Gai Yoah, Minister of Education, Science and Technology; and Ms Catherine Juan Bannier, Minister of Land, Housing and Natural Planning of Abdalla Nial, Minister of Environment; Ms Rebecca Joshua Okwaci, Minister of Telecommunications and Postal Services; Mr. Stephen Dhieu Dau, Minister of Mines and Industry; Ms Jemma Nunu Kumba, Minister of Electricity, Dams, Irrigation and Water Resources; Ms Aout Dinge Aguil, minister of gender, children and social development; And Ms. Awut Deng Acuil, minister of culture. South Sudan is one of the least developed countries in the world. Infrastructure and social services such as roads, water and electricity, medical care and education are seriously lacking, and commodities are basically imported, with high prices. The international community has provided South Africa with a lot of assistance in infrastructure construction and public services. According to statistics, from 2008 to 20 10, South Sudan received 696 million US dollars, 884 million US dollars and 739 million US dollars respectively. On 20th11July18th, the Central Bank of South Sudan issued the new currency South Sudan Pound (SSP).

South Sudan's oil production accounts for 85% of the total oil exports of the former Sudan before the split, and oil is an important economic source of South Sudan. South Sudan has weak infrastructure and is one of the poorest countries in the world.

More than 90% of South Sudan's population lives on less than 1 USD per day, which is almost abject poverty in the whole country. Compared with Niger, the poorest country in the world, the proportion of people living on less than 1 USD per day is 40.6%. Therefore, some people pessimistically believe that South Sudan will become the new poorest country in the world after independence. South Sudan's oil production accounts for 85% of the total oil exports of the former Sudan before the split, and oil is an important economic source of South Sudan. The daily output of oil is about 30 thousand barrels. 20 12 In June, South Sudan stopped oil production, resulting in a sharp decrease in income and an increase in food prices 120%.

China Oil and Gas Corporation is a major investor in South Sudan's oil industry. South Sudan is under great economic pressure, trying to diversify its economic sources and get rid of oil as an oil reserve. By 2020, the oil reserve will probably be reduced by half.

Due to years of war, South Sudan's economy is extremely backward, there is almost no large-scale industrial production, and industrial products and daily necessities are completely dependent on imports. South Sudanese usually live in semi-independent houses, forming villages where close relatives and distant relatives live. Their society was established by kings or chiefs, depending on the blood relationship, tribe and village managed by ethnic society.

South Sudan believes in Christianity, Islam and indigenous religions. Some areas also believe in spiritual power. So fortune tellers, fortune tellers and spearmen are all in these areas.

South Sudan generally eats together and distinguishes groups according to gender, age and social status. According to their region, South Sudan enjoys all kinds of food. Some of their staple foods include milk, beef, millet, sorghum, honey, fish, mutton, traditional herbs and vegetables, peanuts, beans, game, sesame, millet and yam.

Traditionally, there is a clear division of labor according to gender, age and social status. Men generally take care of and maintain the family, while women do housework.

All regions have some form of adult ceremony until adulthood. Removal of mandibular teeth, facial marks, wearing special beads and male circumcision (among Bantu people) were jointly initiated by the people of South Sudan.

Marriage is one of the important milestones in South Sudan, which usually involves all members of the extended family, including some matrilineal relatives. Usually, young people do not engage in direct marriage arrangements; Their parents discuss, promote and organize marriage and children. All regions hold various wedding ceremonies. However, it is common for families to exchange gifts.

Bride price is an important part of marriage. The establishment of marriage involves the deep ties between families, and divorce is impossible unless it involves serious problems. In case of divorce, all or part of the dowry will be returned to the man and his family.

Childbirth is also considered special, and specific rituals are being carried out according to the child's society and gender. Children are usually named after seasons and events or after relatives. Because the cows in most districts are elevated, children can also be named after the color of the cows at home. Boys follow the color of cows, girls lead cows.

The funeral ceremony is very complicated. Among them, in Dinka District, men are buried around themselves and women. Several regions in South Sudan also have the practice of wife inheritance, ostensibly to allow relatives of the deceased husband to continue his bloodline and protect his family. Generally speaking, widows are inherited by close relatives, but in some areas, she comes to pick up her chosen heirs free of charge. The religion of South Sudanese can be traced back to 1956. In the last census, Christianity and Islam were the most, followed by the religions in South Sudan, including traditional indigenous religions, and most of them followed traditional beliefs. Most indigenous people in southern Sudan keep their traditional beliefs (sometimes called animism). According to the data of the Federal Research Department of the Library of Congress, in the early 1990s, the Christian population in South Sudan may not exceed 65,438+00%, while official Sudanese records claim that 25% of the population, including South Sudan, conforms to traditional religions and 5% are Christians. In 2005, some news reports said that most Christians were Episcopalians in Sudan, with 2 million followers. Similarly, according to the World Christian Encyclopedia, since 1995, the Catholic Church has been the largest single Christianity in Sudan, with 2.7 million Christians mainly concentrated in South Sudan.

South Sudan's President Kiel is a Roman Catholic. In his speech in Juba, he pointed out that South Sudan will be a country that respects religious freedom. Most Christians are Catholics and Anglicans. Although other sects are also active, animist beliefs are often mixed with Christian beliefs. National Day: July 9, 20 1 1 year.

Peace Day: 65438+10.9 (June 5438+10.9, 2005).

Army Day: May 65438, 2009 (the founding day of the Sudan People's Liberation Army)

Martyrs' Memorial Day: July 30th (July 30th, 2005, formerly * * * Garang Martyrs' Memorial Day).