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Upper Buddhism, Pali for Hinayana. The oldest school of Buddhism is also called "Southern Buddhism" because it spread southward from India, the birthplace of Buddhism, to Sri Lanka and Myanmar. At present, Buddhism is mainly spread in South and Southeast Asian countries such as Sri Lanka, Myanmar, Thailand, Cambodia and Laos, as well as Xishuangbanna, Dehong and Yunnan in China.

Buddhism insists on inheriting and maintaining the original teaching method of the Buddha, and does not advocate developing and changing the teaching method of the Buddha. Therefore, some people call it "fundamental Buddhism" or "primitive Buddhism" to distinguish it from Buddhism developed in the later period. Southern Buddhism is different from Mahayana Buddhism or Northern Buddhism in East Asian countries and regions such as China, South Korea and Japan.

According to Southern Buddhism, the Buddha is not an ever-changing and responsive god, nor is he an omnipresent and omnipotent savior. Buddha is an enlightened person with perfect wisdom and virtue, and a mentor who teaches ways to get rid of troubles.

Buddhism is a method taught by the Buddha and a way to get rid of troubles and all kinds of sufferings. Later generations recorded these teachings in words and became Buddhist scriptures. Just as a patient gets a prescription, only taking medicine and taking medicine can cure the disease; I only know how to see a prescription without taking medicine, and I don't want to get well all my life. Similarly, if you regard classics as a panacea to avoid misfortune and bring happiness, but refuse to follow the teachings and practice, your troubles will never be cut off!

Monks are disciples who practice and inherit the teachings of the Buddha. They must fulfill the obligation of studying Sanzang, observing the precepts and diligently practicing the outlook on life (self-interest), and shoulder the responsibility of inheriting orthodox teachings and persuading the world to educate the community (altruism). Monks should be respected and admired by society because of their pure precepts, spiritual teachers and moral models. Monks are not clergy, the intermediary between God and man, or social parasites who escape from reality. They are ignorant and full all day! If a Biku boasts that he can eliminate crimes and obstacles for others, eliminate disasters and prolong life, and cross over the undead, it is just a trick of deceiving himself. If Biku defrauds believers of money by offering sacrifices, chanting, fortune telling, fortune telling, divination, exorcism, etc. , regarded as a depraved and shameful evil life (improper way of making a living).