What's the difference between the lunar calendar and the solar calendar?

1. The difference between the lunar calendar and the solar calendar

What's the difference between the lunar calendar and the solar calendar?

The solar calendar, also called the Gregorian calendar, comes from the west. For example, when calculating the constellation, it is calculated according to the solar calendar (Gregorian calendar).

The lunar calendar, also called the lunar calendar, comes from China.

For example, the Mid-Autumn Festival on August 15th, Tomb-Sweeping Day, Chinese Valentine's Day and Spring Festival are all counted according to the lunar calendar. New Year's Day, Valentine's Day (2. 14), Christmas, National Day, Army Day and the birthday of the Party are all calculated according to the Gregorian calendar.

Their main difference is that the solar calendar is international, while the lunar calendar is unique to China.

The solar calendar takes one year for the earth to make a circle around the sun. A total of 365 days, 5 hours, 48 minutes and 46 minutes. An average year is only an integer of 365 days, not a mantissa. The solar calendar is divided into 12 months, 3 1 day for the big month, 30 days for the small month, and only 28 days in February. It is also stipulated that before July, a single month is a big month and a double month is a small month; After August, two months are big months and one month is small months. The remaining 5 hours, 48 minutes and 46 seconds each year, there is only one day in about four years, and this day is added in February of the fourth year. This year is called leap year, so February in leap year has 29 days.

In the lunar calendar, the moon wanes once a month for 29 and a half days. For the convenience of calculation, the big moon is customized for 30 days and the small moon is customized for 29 days. During the period of 65438+mid-February of a year, generally, large and small months are arranged alternately. There are about 365 days in the lunar calendar year, and there is no difference between a normal year and a leap year. The lunar calendar does not consider the movement of the earth around the sun, so the changes of the four seasons in the lunar calendar have no fixed time and cannot reflect the seasons, which is a great shortcoming. In order to overcome this shortcoming, people later decided on a new calendar, which is the so-called yin-yang desk calendar. The summer calendar (also called lunar calendar or lunar calendar) still in use in China is this kind of lunar calendar. Like the lunar calendar, it customizes a month according to the time when the moon wanes, that is, 30 days in the big month and 29 days in the small month, but it also adopts the method of adding leap months to make the average number of days in a year close to that in the solar calendar to adjust the four seasons. The lunar calendar has a leap month every two or three years.

What's the difference between the lunar calendar and the solar calendar?

Which country does it say? China's lunar calendar and solar calendar are of course based on heavenly stems and earthly branches! Why did Copernicus get involved?

Heavenly stems and earthly branches, referred to as Ganzhi for short, is used to arrange year numbers and dates in the summer calendar.

Tiangan is: A, B, C, D, E, G, Xin, Ren and Gui, also called Tiangan;

The earthly branches are: Zi, Ugly, Yin, Mao, Chen, Si, Wu, Wei, Shen, You, Xu and Hai, also known as the Twelve Earthly Branches.

Branches are still divided into yin and yang: A, C, E, G, Ren for yang dryness, B, D, Ji, Xin, classified as yin dryness;

Zi, Yin, Chen, Wu, Shen and Xu are the Yang branches, while Ugliness, Mao, Si, Wei, You and Hai are the Yin branches.

Heavenly stems and earthly branches collocation arrangement, heavenly stems in front, earthly branches in the back, heavenly stems from A, earthly branches from Zi, Yang stems with Yang branches, and Yin stems with Yin branches (Yang stems without Yin branches and Yin stems without Yang branches). Sixty combinations are called "Sixty Jiazi". In the past, people in China used to recycle calendar year, calendar month, calendar day and calendar time.

Tree trunk and branch chronology

For example, Jia Zi is the first year, Ugly B is the second year, and Bing Yin is the third year ... Sixty years is a week.

Week after week, starting from the year of Jiazi, starting from the week, and starting again and again.

For example, 1929 is the lunar year, 1930 is the year of Gengwu ... and 1989 is the lunar year. The four years and Gengwu years we see on the calendar are arranged according to the chronology of trunks and branches. Divide the Gregorian calendar year by the remainder of 60, and then subtract 3 to get the monthly branch number of that year, and then check the above branches to get the age of the branches. If the serial number is less than or equal to zero, add 60 to the branch serial number. For example, find 199 1 year; 199 1÷60=33 Remaining 1 1, annual serial number of stem and branch = 1 1-3=8. Check the list of cadres and branches, and you will know that this year is the year of Wei Xin. Another example is to find the main branch of 1983: 1983÷60=33+3, and the main branch serial number =3-3=0, plus 60. Check the main branch table and know that the year is Guihai.

Dry-branch moon method

The method of keeping the moon in the main branch is not widely implemented, mainly to let astrologers calculate the eight characters.

The method is as follows: in the first year of the year, the first month is the third lunar month; B or Geng Year, the first month is Wuyin; The first month of Year C or Year Xin is Geng Yin, the first month of Year Ding Nian or Year Ren is Ren Yin, and the first month of Year E or Year decyl is Jia Yin. The main branch of the first month is known, and the rest months can be inferred in the order of sixty sons.

Dry branch method

The first day of onychomycosis, the second day of ugliness, the third day of bingyin ... 60 days a week.

At the weekend, it starts from Jiazi Day and goes on and on.

For example, in the fourth year of the lunar calendar (1989), the first day of the first month is Ding You Day, and the second day is the Reform Day ... The seventh day of March is exactly 60 days, so the second day of March is Ding You Day again.

Chronology of cadres and branches

The earthly branches in daytime are also certain, so 12 earthly branches are allocated in 24 hours, and at night 1 1 point to 1 point, 1 point to 3 o'clock, and the rest are pushed. The day is inferred from the day, and its song is as follows:

A has given birth to a, and B, G and C come first.

Bing Xin started in Wu, and was destined to be a boxer.

You can't do it, but you can't.

That is, if the day is A or his own, the child should be accompanied by A when he was a child; If the day is b or g, it should be accompanied by c as c; On the day of Bingxin, Wu was the son of Wu; Ding Renri is a boxer; Pentecost is a seedless day. When you know your child's main branch, you can infer the rest.

What's the difference between the lunar calendar and the solar calendar?

The difference and connection between lunar calendar and solar calendar;

The solar calendar is also the Gregorian calendar, which is internationally accepted. The Gregorian calendar is customized according to the time that the earth revolves around the sun for one year, totaling 365 days, 5 hours, 48 minutes and 46 seconds. The average year is only an integer of 365 days, not a mantissa; A year is divided into 12 months, big month 3 1 day, small month 30 days, and February only has 28 days. The mantissa of four years is accumulated to 1 day and added to February of the fourth year. This year is called leap year. So February in leap year has 29 days. The lunar calendar orders a full moon for one month, a total of 29 and a half days. For the convenience of calculation, the big moon is customized for 30 days and the small moon is customized for 29 days. In 12 months of a year, large and small months are generally arranged alternately. The lunar calendar has only about 354 days a year, and there is no difference between a normal year and a leap year.

The lunar calendar does not consider the movement of the earth around the sun, so the changes of the four seasons in the lunar calendar have no fixed time and cannot reflect the seasons, which is a great shortcoming. In order to overcome this shortcoming, people later decided on a compromise calendar, the so-called yin-yang calendar. The summer calendar still in use in China (some people call it lunar calendar or lunar calendar) is this kind of lunar calendar. Like the lunar calendar, it also customizes a month according to the time when the moon is full and short, which is 30 days for the big month and 29 days for the small month. However, it also adopts the method of adding leap months to make the average number of days in each year close to the number of days in the solar calendar to adjust the four seasons. Every two or three years, there will be an extra leap month in the summer calendar. The lunar calendar, also known as the lunar calendar, takes the moon's orbit around the earth as one month and the earth's orbit around the sun as one year, which is actually equal to the lunar calendar. This calendar was adopted in China before the first year of the Republic of China, so it is called the old calendar. Most people think that the lunar calendar is suitable for farmers, and the name of this day is "Lunar Calendar".

The orbit of the moon is called the white road. Both the ecliptic and the ecliptic are two great circles on the celestial body, intersecting at an oblique angle of five degrees and nine minutes. The moon goes around the earth once, and people appear on the ecliptic twice, lasting 7 hours and 43 minutes 1 1.5 seconds on the 27th, which is the time required for the first anniversary of the moon's revolution. It is called "the moon and the stars". Only when the moon revolves around the earth, the position of the earth changes because of its revolution, counting forward more than 27 degrees, and the moon runs at 13 degrees 15 minutes every day, so it takes 29 12, 44 minutes and 2.8 seconds to return to the moon, which is called "the full moon". According to custom, January means the full moon.

Because the number of days in a month cannot be odd zero, a month in the lunar calendar is the 29th or 30th. Every month is headed by the day of the first day, that is, the first day. Every year, the new moon near beginning of spring is the beginning of the year.

The earth goes around the sun once, that is, the moon goes around the earth for twelve and a third times. The number of months in a year cannot be odd zero. So there are only 354 days in twelve months of a year. Compared with the actual year, there are about eleven days left, which adds up to three years and thirty-three days. Therefore, leap months must be set every three years, for three or four days, and then for two years, for a total of twenty-five or twenty-six days, which can be set once on average. Leap month is a month without festivals, a year with leap month is a leap year, a leap year has thirteen months and a normal year has twelve months.

How to distinguish the lunar calendar from the solar calendar?

We mainly use the international calendar, the Gregorian calendar. It takes a tropical year as a year and then divides it into twelve months (the number of months is 3 1 day, 30 days and 29 days, all of which are manually designated), which is called the solar calendar, that is, the solar calendar. It was ordered by westerners, and people in Hong Kong and Taiwan also called it the Gregorian calendar. In addition to the Gregorian calendar, China also retains the calendar that has been used since the Xia Dynasty-the Summer Calendar, in which twelve moons revolve once a year, so that the time of a year is ten days less than that of a tropical year. Therefore, passing the leap test is called lunar calendar. It also contains calendar knowledge such as 24 solar terms, which is closely related to agricultural production, so it is also called lunar calendar.

As can be seen from the above, the solar calendar and the lunar calendar are just two different ways to record time. No matter whether the lunar calendar or the solar calendar is reported, it must be converted into the punctuality of heavenly stems and earthly branches before calculation can be made. The blind fortune teller arranges heavenly stems and earthly branches according to the formula compiled by the lunar calendar, and gives him the lunar calendar. Now there is a perpetual calendar of yin and yang. You can report the lunar calendar or solar calendar at will to see its corresponding heavenly stems and earthly branches.

How to distinguish the solar calendar from the lunar calendar?

The difference between solar calendar and lunar calendar;

First of all, time

Lunar calendar: average year 12 months, 30 days for big month, 29 days for small month, 354 days or 355 days for the whole year (which month is big and which month is small in a year, which varies from year to year).

Gregorian calendar: 365 days in a normal year, 366 days in a leap year, once every four years, once in a hundred years and once again in the 400th year, that is, there are 97 leap years every 400 years. It is fixed which month is older and which month is younger in a year.

Second, God.

Lunar calendar: The length of the calendar month is determined according to the astronomical phenomena, that is, the phase of the moon, the 30th of the big month and the 29th of the small month.

Gregorian calendar: the big month is 3 1 day, the small month is 30 days, and the special February day is 28 days in a normal year and 29 days in a leap year.

Third, the name

Lunar calendar: commonly known as lunar calendar, the first day of a month is usually called the first day of a month, such as the eighth, ninth and tenth day of September; Mid-month: September 15, 16; The end of the month is September 30th, and the word "day" is not added after the address.

Specific months have specific names, such as: January of the lunar calendar is called "the first month", such as: Lantern Festival is "the fifteenth day of the first month" and New Year is "the first day of the first month"; November is usually called "winter moon", for example, "the sixth day of winter moon" means the sixth day of November in the lunar calendar; December is usually called "twelfth lunar month", such as the day of eating Laba porridge, "the eighth day of the twelfth lunar month".

Gregorian calendar: Also known as Gregorian calendar, it is usually called January 1st, such as March 12, April 20th and May 3rd1day, and the word "day" must be added after the time.