Who the hell is Guiguzi? What kind of deeds have you had?

The most mysterious legend in the history of China is this guiguzi old gentleman.

According to orthodox historical records, he was the teacher of Su Qin and Zhang Yi, strategists in the Warring States Period. According to Records of the Historian and Biography of Su Qin, Su Qin was born in Luoyang in the Eastern Zhou Dynasty. Dong Shi is in Qi, and Mr. Wang is treating Ghost Valley. "Biography of Zhang Yi": "Zhang Yi, Ren Wei also. Start tasting everything with Su Qin, Mr. Guigu, academically. Su Qin is inferior to Zhang Yi. "

In Taoist classics, Guiguzi is an old fairy with good spirit, and the Taoist name is "Xuanweizi". Du Guangting recorded in detail the absurd myth of his immortal magic in Fairy Tales, and even invented his name-Wang Xu.

According to folklore, he was the teacher of Sun Bin and Pang Juan, pre-Qin military strategists. Wu Menxiao Ke's The Romance of the Seven Kingdoms and Sun Pang vividly describes the story of Gui Guzi teaching Sun Bin and Pang Juan the art of war and tactics in Yunmeng Mountain. Guiguzi's name is also known to women and children because of the well-known legend of Sun Pang's wits and wits.

Does this mysterious guiguzi really exist?

In fact, the historical records about Guiguzi's life are also inconsistent and difficult to explain. As an annotation of Historical Records, Pei Zhi quoted the Romance of Customs in Historical Records and said, "Mr. Gui Gu is a strategist of the six countries." Sima Zhen's Historical Records quoted Guiguzi as saying: "Su Qin wanted to be mysterious, so he took Guiguzi as his pen name."

According to "Biography of Mr. Guigu" in "All Ancient Three Dynasties, Three Kingdoms, Qin, Han and Six Dynasties": "Mr. Guigu doesn't know anyone, or his surname is Yun, and he is from Chu. Hiding in the ghost valley of Yingchuan Yangcheng, hence the name. "Guiguzi" three volumes. "

The most valuable works from the pre-Qin period to the early Han dynasty are the academic origin and inheritance of Zhou and Qin philosophers, including Zhuangzi Tianxia, corpse luster, Xunzi Fei's two sons, and Hanfeizi Xianxue? There are seven articles: Lu Chunqiu, A Brief Introduction to Huainan Zi, Han Shu, Literature and Art, and A Brief Introduction to Zhuzi.

Second, there is no mention of Guiguzi's life, behavior and so-called "Guiguzi art" in the literature. If Mr. Gui Guzi really taught two famous disciples and the vertical and horizontal art he created, why didn't anyone record his deeds and make academic comments in the works of various schools at that time and later?

It is also Liu Xiang's work, and "On Yuan Shan Shuo pian" quoted "Gui Guzi said: people's shortcomings are difficult to correct". Liu Xiang's book "Warring States Policy" records the lobbying words and strategies of strategists in the pre-Qin period, and clearly points out: "Lobbying the powerful is more expensive than vulgarity, with Su Qin, Zhang Yi, Gongsun Yan, Chen Wei and Dai Li as the main ones."

If Liu Xiang believes that Guiguzi, the founder of the strategists, really exists, he should not turn a blind eye to the existence of Guiguzi, the master of the strategists, without discussing the origin of the strategists, and put all the credit on his disciples. Such contradictions and mistakes will not exist at all for Han Dynasty philologists who are close to the times and scholars who have sorted out the works of Zhou and Qin philosophers.

In fact, Sima Qian has slightly revealed the source of the mystery in Records of the Historian, Biography of Su Qin and Taishi Gong Gong Yue: "Su Qin was killed by the opposition, and everyone laughed at it and dared not learn its skills. But the world says that Su Qin is different and current events are different, all of which are attached to Su Qin. " The legend of Guiguzi may be a fable fabricated by military strategists who learned to "keep a low profile", and it is a deliberate mystification of the vertical and horizontal theory initiated by Su Qin.

Through the description and analysis of the above-mentioned documents, the author thinks that Guiguzi should be a legend in Qin and Han Dynasties, an artificial myth like Sean's teacher Huang Shigong, and a mysterious moral trick of military strategists. It is precisely because of this illusory and strange mystery that Guiguzi became an arrow-stack figure, and eventually evolved into a Taoist fairy in Wei and Jin Dynasties and became a Taoist with a saint style.

"There is a Taoist priest among the thousands of people in Qingxi. Clouds gather between beams, and the wind goes out of the window. May I ask who this is? Clouds are guiguzi. "