Lin's original words

The first chapter is seaweed in the Eastern Han Dynasty and the Three Kingdoms period.

As a cultural phenomenon, algae originated very early in China, especially in the Eastern Han and Three Kingdoms periods. Generally speaking, people's articles are people's comments. Its most basic value orientation is to observe and evaluate people from outside to inside, from outside to inside, from phenomenon to essence, from concrete to abstract; In other words, it is aesthetic criticism and moral judgment of people from form to divinity. This cultural phenomenon is inextricably linked with the historical background, social ideological trend and aesthetic concept at that time.

First, the articles of people in the Eastern Han Dynasty

(A) the wind of clear discussion and the algae of the people

Qingyi is a time theory with intellectuals as the main body in the Eastern Han Dynasty. It was produced in the world of Huan and Ling in the Eastern Han Dynasty. At that time, the royal family was decadent and officials were in power, which led to the failure of the court and the loss of life. The History of the Later Han Dynasty (Volume 67) and the Biography of Dang Gu describe the background of the Qing Dynasty:

..... And the Han ancestor Zhang Jian, Beowulf prospered, the constitutional order was lenient, courtesy was reciprocal, and his tolerance was more than four points. People with the heart of the mausoleum of Hadrian, die lightly, complain and gain, can sue the court privately, and the right belongs to the horse. Ren Xia has become a custom here. Since Emperor Wu of the Han Dynasty, Confucianism has been advocated and Confucian classics have been coordinated, and the theory of dividing the stone canal has emerged, and the theory of the party contending for differences and keeping the people of the text has become a common practice. To follwed, finally usurped the country, loyal to the monarch ashamed to see the tassel. So, this is a glorious ravine, and he is willing to die. Although ZTE is going and Hande is reopening, the holiday is more important than time. Between Huan Ling's arrest, the government was in charge of famine relief, and the life of the country was entrusted to Yan Temple. Scholars are ashamed to associate. Therefore, ordinary people resist anger, and Chu Shi discusses it horizontally. Therefore, they stimulate their reputation, exchange questions with each other, praise their officials, rule as appropriate, and act directly.

Here, Ye Fan divided the development and change of the literati style in Han Dynasty into four stages: the first stage was the era of Emperor Gaozu, when the Ren Xia style of "ignoring death and attaching importance to spirit" prevailed; The second stage is the era of Emperor Wu of the Han Dynasty, which advocates Confucianism and has many "scholars". The third stage is the period of Wang Mang's special forgery and the revival of Guangwu. Literati pursue seclusion, preserve their sanity and follow suit. The fourth stage is the period of Huan and Lingdi, and the wind of Qing discussion prevails. This passage has clearly explained the historical reasons for the emergence of the Qing debate.

The content of the discussion is very extensive. The so-called "judge, discretion" is one of the more prominent ones. However, people who criticize officials are not limited to ordinary scholars, and sometimes the supreme ruler is also involved. "Were" Volume 45 "Biography of Han Leng";

..... and the servant shoots intelligently and defends, and the merchant rushes. At the same time, both can be called. Su Zong tried to equip all ministers with swords, but only these three people used swords exclusively, and they signed their names: "Han Lengchu Longyuan, Shou Wen, drunk city in southern Hebei." Commentators put it well: Long Yuan got it because of LengYuan's deep intention; Shou Mingda has articles, so he has Chinese. Chong Dunpu, what is good is invisible outside, so it is success.

Commenting on the merits of officials mainly depends on whether officials are honest and virtuous, and also depends on their attitude towards talents. "Were" Volume 45 Zhou Rongchuan and Zhou Jingchuan;

(Zhou) Zhong Xiang. Liang Jifu, the general of the monarch, moved to Yuzhou Secretariat and Hanoi Prefecture. A good man loves a scholar and is often afraid of being inferior to him. Every year, at the age of 18, officials are invited to the back hall to give a banquet with them. If you count to four, you will be sent away. Give everything, everything is ready. Since he chose his father, brother and children, everything has been fine. People often say: "courtiers are consistent with officials, if they are not thick!" First of all, Situ Han played in Hanoi, aiming at being selfless and giving officials a good job, but it was just a word that Grace was not at home. Yue: "If I can lift it, how can I make it start again!" " So the theorists at that time discussed these two people.

In the Eastern Han Dynasty, the discussion of Qing Dynasty often reflected the words and deeds of characters in time and accurately. The legend of the bridge in the later Han Dynasty (May 1st);

County people went to Zhaijiangqi, lived in seclusion and became famous in Xizhou. Zhao Xuan thought he was an official and said he was ill. Xuan was furious, and Du You forced him to do it, saying, "If it doesn't come, I'll marry my mother." If you can't get benefits, you can't get them. I can't afford to lie down. Scholar-officials in counties and counties also competed to remonstrate, but only Xuan could stop them. I think it's ridiculous.

So the public discussion at that time was quite fierce, and some dignitaries were often frightened by it and had to restrain their behavior. Cui Zhichuan, volume 52 of the Book of the Later Han Dynasty, said that Cui Lie, a famous person in Jizhou, lost his reputation because his mother contributed 5 million yuan to Stuart. After a long time, he was deeply disturbed and asked his son Cui Jun, "I live in CCBA. What am I going to discuss? " Cui Jun replied, "Adults rarely have English names, and they are afraid of their positions. The commentator does not say that he is improper to the three fairs; Now that he is in his position, the world is disappointed. " Cui Lie asked again, "What is nature?" Cui Jun replied, "The commentator thinks it stinks." The arguer mentioned by Cui Jun is the arguer. The biography of the later Han Dynasty called Guo and Jia the top scholars in imperial academy, and "He, Chen Fan and Wang Chang have many praises". These five people are actually representatives of the Qing Dynasty. In addition, "Bohai Gong Zu advanced, help the wind Wei Qiqing, and threatened to talk, don't hide strongmen. Come from below, don't be afraid of its slander, and walk to the door. "This shows the power of talking clearly. Chen Fan and Mars are the general representatives of the discussion forces in the ruling and opposition parties, and the discussion celebrities closely echo them, forming a huge public opinion momentum. Mars's "style" is beautiful and self-centered, and he should take it as his duty to teach the right and wrong in the world. The laggard thought it was going to Longmen. " ("Shi Shuo Xin Yu De" IV. This book quotes the text of Shi Shuo Xin Yu, according to Xu Zhen's "Shi Shuo Xin Yu Collation") Chen Fan also likes critics. "Were" Volume 53 "Xu Zhichuan":

The emperor asked Fan, "Xu Ya, Wei, which comes first?" Fan said to him, "Hong came from a public family. After listening to this word, he gradually understood it. The custom of kindness, courtesy and righteousness means self-straightness and self-carving. As for the young people, they are from the lowlands in the south of the Yangtze River. They are outstanding and should be the first. "

However, with the failure of Chen Fan and the rise of two large-scale party disasters, the power of discussion was dealt a heavy blow and the wind of discussion was stifled. "The History of the Later Han Dynasty: Biographies of the Same Party and Different Groups";

All party affairs began in Ganling and Runan, and ended in Mars and James Zhang. For more than 20 years, all the places have been filled with good people.

It was not until the first year of Zhong Ping (184) that the partisan struggle was completely lifted. Nevertheless, the political achievements and historical influence of Qing thinkers in the later Han Dynasty are indelible, and Ye Fan once made a pertinent evaluation:

Although the work is not over, its belief is enough to capture people's hearts. The chaos of the Han Dynasty did not die. For more than 100 years, the power of the public was counted. (The Book of the Later Han Dynasty, Volume 66, Biography of Chen Fan on Yue).

In the pollution crisis in Mars, justice has fostered the wind of encouraging customs. Hormones are ashamed of authoritarianism, and honesty is more important than vibration, which makes people all over the world follow and is deeply broken, regardless of clan. As for the son, he died and the son was happy because of his righteousness. Be strong! ("On Yue" in Biography of Danggu in the Later Han Dynasty)

It is worth noting that when the wind of clear discussion prevailed, some intellectuals adopted a long-term attitude. "Were" Volume 53 "Shen Tu Pan Chuan":

First, the scholars in the capital, such as Runa and Fan Pang, were not entrusted with the administration of state affairs, but were all discounted from above. Too many students are eager for their style, thinking that literature will prosper and Chu Shi will reuse it. Pan Du sighed: "During the Warring States Period, Chu Shi argued that the monarch of all countries was the pioneer of carrying comets, and his death was the disaster of Confucianism burning books." It has disappeared between beams, because trees are houses and come from the same servant. After living for two years, if you are trapped in the party, or hundreds of people are killed or punished, you will definitely be free from suspicion. ……

Shen Tuban is a man of foresight. Whether his approach is brilliant or not, his historical vision is really different. This is enough to show that the incident itself has a historical origin. We have to admit that the tragedy of persecuting enlightened and progressive intellectuals is always repeated on the big stage of China history. Intellectuals, as the backbone of China society and the backbone of the Chinese nation, will always strive for self-improvement and never bow their heads. The endless great power of ancient China is here!

(B) Xu, Guo Zhixue and Man Wenzao

"The Book of the Later Han Dynasty" Volume 68 "Biography of Xu Zan": "Those who admire scholars in the world praise them and praise them." As famous experts in the Eastern Han Dynasty, Xu Shao and Guo had a far-reaching influence on contemporary and later generations in evaluating and identifying characters. The Book of Jin, Volume 74, Biography of Huan Yi, said Huan Yi: "Smooth and natural, with a long reputation. Some people are knowledgeable, choose their talents, or ignorant, or loved by their children. " Xu and Guo are neck and neck, and Guo's achievement is actually higher than Xu's. Here we discuss it separately.

1. Comment on Xu Shaozhi's Character

Xu Shaozi will be a native of Pingyu, Runan. "Yan Chen's adult, less moral good, be appreciated. Fan Ruo is as famous as Yang Shizhen in the world (Later Han Shu). The so-called "good popularity" means loving character identification and character evaluation. In this regard, Xu Shao has made remarkable achievements.

First of all, Xu Shao's taste in characters is not only numerous, but also accurate. The reflection and contact biography, volume 23, Pei Songzhi quoted Runa sage biography said:

Xie Ziwei, who summoned the tomb, was a talented and knowledgeable person. He saw 18 o'clock, sighed and said, "This is a great man who stands out from the rest of the world." When Fan was invented, Mr. Yu Yong was in the pasture and was called to the countryside to be the official of pommel horse, help Yang Xiaozu and raise him. The six sages are all contemporary. The rest of the middle class, either in the flood stagnation or in the children's teeth, are not bad sigh. Those who have been educated and become virtuous can't remember. Its exploration of false behavior and suppression of false reputation are the only things it can do in a week.

Xu Shao's evaluation of characters not only explores the inner spirit of characters, but also pays attention to the external beauty of characters, so as to give consideration to both inside and outside. "The reflection" volume one "biography of Yu Xun", Pei Songzhi quoted Huangfu Mi "biography of Yi Shi";

Or ask, Jing or Xun Shuang? General Zi said, "They are both jade, kind and bright, and uncles are kind and moist."

Both of them are beautiful as jade, but their expressions are different, which shows that Xu Shaofei is often good at grasping the subtle differences between characters. Because of his accurate and meticulous observation of people, he can often foresee some upcoming events. The reflection, Lu You Pei Songzhi Biography (Volume 49) quoted Xian Di's Spring and Autumn Annals as saying:

At the age of eighteen, Peng Ze was sent to the cave to ask Hao to beg Zhuge Xuan, the satrap used by Liu Biao. Xu Zijiang said, "If you leave the army, you won't care about your name. Zhu Wenming is good at pushing sincerity to win people's trust, so he should guard against it. " Infiltrate, cheat and kill Hao, and take charge of county affairs.

Secondly, Xu Shao created a unique form of personal algae, "Yuedan Review". Biography of the Later Han Dynasty:

At the beginning, Shao He both had high surnames, and they liked to discuss the figures of the township party together. They had to change their names every month, so the custom of Runan had a "monthly review".

"Monthly Review" is of great significance in the history of people's evaluation: it makes the critics change from spontaneous action to conscious action, and at the same time, because of changing the topic every month, an organized people's evaluation meeting has been formed. The "monthly review" embodies the spirit of democracy, and everyone can fully express their opinions, avoiding the bias of personal quality theory.

Because Xu Shao is good at distinguishing characters, his name is very important in this world, and scholars in government and opposition are afraid of falling behind. The reflection, Wei Wudi Ji, volume one Pei Songzhi quoted as saying:

(Bridge) Xuanwei said to Taizu, "Your name is unknown. You can give it to Xu Zijiang." Mao is famous for being a son, and his son will be satisfied.

In this article, Pei Songzhi's notes quoted Sun Sheng's Similarities and Differences Miscellaneous Words:

(Cao Cao) asked Xu Zijiang, "Who am I?" The son won't answer. When asked firmly, the son will say, "My son can rule the world and be a traitor in troubled times." Mao laughed.

The biography of were also called:

When Cao Cao was young, he often offered gifts humbly and asked for help for himself. He despised the man and refused to be the right person. Cao Cao threatened to wait for the gap. He had no choice but to say, "You are a traitor and a hero in troubled times." Do it and leave.

As mentioned earlier, "hero" was a cultural name in the Han and Jin Dynasties. Xu Shao's purpose to Cao Cao will certainly make him happy, as long as he is a hero. As for derogatory terms such as "traitor" and "traitor", Cao Cao ignores them. "The History of the Three Kingdoms" Volume 14 "Biography of Liu Ye": "Xu Shao in Runan knows people by their names and avoids Yangzhou, saying that Ye has the talent to help the world. "Once promised titles, it is more necessary to see the world, showing its high prestige and high reputation.

Xu Shao was a generation of celebrities admired by everyone in the Eastern Han Dynasty, but later generations made many derogatory remarks about him. This kind of discussion, from the Three Kingdoms to the Jin Dynasty, is almost unheard of. This criticism generally includes the following aspects:

First, the judgment of the characters is unfair. Represented by the graceful and restrained theory of Cao Wei and Jiang Ji. The reflection volume 37 biography of Pang Tong, Pei Songzhi note:

Jiang Ji's "On Wanji" said that it was unfair to praise or belittle, but it suppressed Xu Wenxiu. Ye Liu said: "Zhao Zi has pulled away from Jia She. He has been listening since 2000. He can retreat without moving, but he is meticulous. " Ji replied: "Zi Zhaocheng was clean since he was a child. However, his teeth were chewed, his cheeks were swollen, and he spit his lips and kissed. Because he is not a writer, he stopped his enemy. "

And with the book on March 8, "review" Pei Songzhi cited "all machine theory":

Xu Wenxiu, a great scholar, is also a temple instrument, and his son will be degraded. If it is not expensive, it is unknown; If you let it be known, you will protect the good people.

According to the biography of Xu Jing, volume 38 of the History of the Three Kingdoms, Jing "Shao and his younger brother are both famous. Some people say that Lun Zang denies it, but the affair is not threatening." For the merits of counties, you can not talk about it, you can be self-sufficient with horses. Taiping Yu Lan (Volume 496) quoted Cao Pi's Dian Lun as saying: "Xu Shao in Runan and his clan brother Jing both avoided Jiangdong to protect Wu Jun." .. The argument is the satrap Xu Gong, as for brotherhood. "I can see you, they two brothers have been bad feelings, personality contradictions. In this case, it is difficult for Xu Shao to objectively evaluate Xu Jing. The original biography of "The History of the Later Han Dynasty" praised Xu Miao's "disagreement with Brother Jing, so it is rarely discussed". But if we hold this view, it means that Xu Shao's evaluation of all characters is based on subjective likes and dislikes, which is probably not true. Therefore, it is biased for Jiang Ji to say that Xu Shao is "unfair".

The second is to criticize others, but don't be strict with yourself. Zhuge Ke's Book of Tracing the Cause and the Prime Minister;

..... Since the end of the Han Dynasty, China scholar-officials have many children, which is even more slanderous, or as for the disaster, it is not a big one. Self-denial is not polite only by sitting, but by blaming others for righteousness. ..... (The History of the Three Kingdoms, Volume 65)

There is no detailed record of Xu Shao's behavior in the history books, but Zhuge Ke's view should be well-founded.

The third is about "monthly review". Book of Jin, Volume 62, Biography of Zu Ti and Biography of Zuna;

The smell asked Mei Tao, "Where is the moon in your hometown?" Tao said, "If you promote good and suppress evil, you will get a good law." That said, "It's useless." When Wang Yin was sitting, he said, "The history book says,' Three-year performance appraisal, three-year appraisal', how can you praise or criticize it in January!" Tao said, "This is the official law. On the month, private law also. " Yin said: "Say:' A good home is good, and a bad home is bad.' Aren't officials calling people? Must accumulate over time, good and evil are, what is the difference between public and private! The ancients said that the ancestors suffered when the beam died; Stay calm, the legacy of our ancestors. It's only January! If you have to have a month, Yan Hui will eat Egypt, and it will be corrupt; Stealing feet leads to less, which is clean. It is not clear whether good and evil are good or bad. " ……

Zuna believes that it takes a long time for the good and evil of the characters to be fully revealed, and the products of Moon Dan are limited to January, so it is difficult to make an accurate judgment, so this evaluation method is not credible. There is some truth in his point of view. However, Yuedan Review is a timely and rapid comment on people, which can reflect the opinions of all parties in a concentrated way, and its function cannot be completely erased. Unlike Zuna, Ge Hong regards "Yuedan Review" as a "bad habit". "Bao Puzi" article "soliloquize" said:

At the end of the Han dynasty, customs were flawed and the clique was divided. Xu Ziping, the general, stopped to warn and sued according to reason. As a result, the people of Runan did not re-price, but had Yue Dan's comments. Wei Wudi was very ill. He wanted to take the lead, but he ran away and almost died.

He believes that the "Yuedan Review" is a performance of cronyism, which is closely related to the formation of party member team in the post-Han period. It led to the disunity of the scholars, which is the so-called "factional division." "The Story of Party Obsession in the Later Han Dynasty" said: "At the beginning, the Emperor Huan was a Hou, and he was educated in the Zhoufu of Ganling, and he was the emperor and blessed as a minister. At that time, Yinfang, a county in southern Henan, was named Chao, and the villagers said,' Fang, the rule of the world, has Zhou Zhiyin as the teacher.' The guests of the two families teased each other and became friends and apprentices, which gradually became a special gap. So there was the discussion between Ganling North and South and party member, and it started from now on. Let's put aside the historical merits and demerits of party member. Party member's social background is very complicated, and the "monthly review" is really related to it, although this is not the main reason. Obviously, Ge Hong's view is also inaccurate. The History of the Three Kingdoms Volume XIII Biography of Zhong You and Pei Songzhi's introduction to Wei Lue;

Sun Quan declared himself a vassal and beheaded Guan Yu. The prince replied: "I am the same as the princess, so I said:' People are in power, and those who love me are not cute! What do people who hate me hate! "Think of sun quan, I am more attractive. "The prince wrote another book:" If you get a reward, you will know that you are happy in the south. ..... If the right is restored, the comments of Xu Dan in Runan shall be removed. It's enough to have the right to travel between the two countries and vote for Xun and Xu. "

It can be seen that people of insight still attach great importance to Xu Shao's Monthly Criticism.

2. Guo's personal article seaweed

Guo's achievements in evaluating characters are much higher than Xu Shao's, and his influence is far greater than his. Ge Hong's Bao Puzi has a "Positive Fruit" devoted to Guo. Case were sixty-eight "Guo Chuan":

Prince Guo, a native of Zonglin, is a retiree in Taiyuan. The family is not good. Lonely in her early years, my mother wanted to take things to the county court. Zong Lin said, "How can a gentleman be on the battlefield?" Resign. Qu studied, and three years after graduation, Broadcom was buried in Jiuquan. ..... Knowing people sexually is a good reward for training people. ……

The biography also said: "Its rewards to scholars are all like erudition." He recruited Zuo Yuan, Mao Rong, Meng Min, Yu Cheng, Guo Song, Jia Shu, Shi Shubin, Huang Yun, Xie Zhen and Wang Rou. "I also know that Zhang's humble shepherd, I also know that Fan Tezu's postal service is called Gongzi and Xu Weikang, and Sima himself pulled out the army, as well as Guo Changxin and Wang Chang from the same county. Guo's personal identity has the following characteristics:

First, be good at discovering the uniqueness of characters. The biography of Meng Min is attached to the Book of the Later Han Dynasty:

Meng Min is an uncle, and Julu is a young man. Guests living in Taiyuan. He Zan fell to the ground and left. Zong Lin saw it and asked him what it meant. He said, "What's the good of breaking it?" Zong Lin is different because he advised him to study abroad. Well-known for ten years, the three fairs are open and unyielding.

With the book 76 "officials and revenge biography":

..... browse the business school. At that time, all the students and Fu Rong had a high reputation in the county, and they were better than Yu Lan, and the guests were full. Always have self-control, not words. I was surprised to see Rong Zhi, but I said, "My husband and I live in the same county, and I live next door. Today's four episodes of heroes in Jingshi, how can you keep it in the autumn when people with lofty ideals make friends? " Lan even said solemnly, "The son of heaven set up imperial academy, which is more than making people talk!" Go higher and stop talking. Later, Rong sued Guo and kept him overnight because Guo stabbed Rong. Zong Lin sighed and got out of bed to go to church.

And are maverick, so they are more important than Guo.

Second, advocate good moral sentiments. The Book of the Later Han Dynasty is attached with Mao Rongchuan:

Mao Rongzi, Chen Ye. In his forties, when he was plowing in the wild and sheltering from the rain with his peers, everyone looked at each other, and the more he looked, the more respectful he became. Lin Zongxing was surprised to see it, so he said it together because he asked for accommodation. On the day of death, killing chicken was delicious. Zong Lin said that he prepared it for himself, so he dedicated it to his mother and ate grass and vegetables with his guests. Lin Zongqi bowed down and said, "What a noble man!" Death is a virtue because of persuasion.

Advocating virtue is Guo's consistent style.

Third, he is good at capturing the essential characteristics of characters through phenomena. The Book of the Later Han Dynasty is accompanied by Biography of Xie Zhen:

Xie Zhen is a micro-figure, and Zhaoling in Runan is also a person. The conversation with Chen is well known. Every time I wait for Zong Lin, I stay up all night. Zong Lin said to his master, "The second son is more talented than others, but he is not enlightened. I regret it! " After Zhen, it was ruined by time. Let Cao Cao be despised and killed.

Shi Shubin again:

Shi Shubin and Chen Ye. Rarely famous. When Zong Lin saw it, he said to people, "No matter how high the wall is, no matter how high the foundation is, it will be lost." The consequences will be discussed from the point of view of false reputation.

The "fame" of Xie, Bian, Shi and others did not confuse him, but his unique views different from the secular world were proved by later facts, showing his keen insight into the characters.

Fourth, broad-minded, "wicked people are endless" (The Book of the Later Han Dynasty with Zuo Zhuan). The Book of the Later Han Dynasty is accompanied by Jia Shuchuan:

Jia Shu has a thick word, and Zong Lin is also a local. Although the world has a crown, sex is dangerous and cities suffer greatly. His mother was very worried, so Shu came to repair the crane, and Sun, a giant deer, came. Wei Zhi was surprised because Lin Zongxian was hanged by the wicked, and he didn't go on. Zong Lin chased him and thanked him, saying, "Jia Zihou is loyal and fierce, and he is kind. Zhong Ni does not object to each other's hometown, so I will allow him to enter. " When Wen Shu heard this, he turned over a new leaf and eventually became a good man. There was a patient in the village, so Shu needed to bend over to help and was called.

Jiashu is a young man who has made mistakes. Zong Lin didn't kill him with a stick, but praised his kindness, which eventually made him a useful talent for the country and society. The broad feelings of Confucianism are fully reflected in Guo.

Fourth, pay attention to the inner spirit of the characters. History of the Later Han Dynasty, Biography of Danghu and Biography of Liu Ru;

Liu Ruzi Lin Shu is also from Yangping, Dong Jun. Guo often said that Confucian scholars are dull and argumentative and have the qualities of scholars. Cha Xiaolian, who was promoted to the highest position, moved to the third place.

"Were" quoted Xie Chengshu as saying:

Thailand's name, characters are fixed, and the characters are tested first, so everyone is convinced. So, if you stay in Chen, you will be your friend Fu Weiming; If you travel to imperial academy, you must learn from Qiu Jizhi; If you go to Runan, you will be close to Wei Degong; If you enter Runan, you will be close to Huangshu. At first, I went and passed by Yuan instead of staying. From my uncle, I won't go for a long time. Still asking too much. Taiyue said, "The lofty instrument is clear and easy to swallow, but it is full of metaphors. The instrument of the uncle is like a thousand hectares, unclear and unpredictable. " Sure enough, Thailand is famous all over the world.

Zong Lin had a profound understanding of Liu Ru and Huang Xian and made an accurate evaluation. The Book of the Later Han Dynasty (Volume 43) Biography of Zhu Hui: "Zhu Hui is a literary season, and people are everywhere. Family background and clothes. Hui is lonely early and has a determination. In thirteen years, follwed was defeated and the world was in chaos. He and his family rushed into Wancheng from other places. Tao met a group of thieves, and Whiteblade robbed the woman. Kundi's guests were all panicked and didn't dare to move. Before drawing his sword, Hui said,' You can have all your possessions, but you can't have all your mother's clothes. Zhu Hui will die today! Seeing his smallness, the thief strengthened his ambition and smiled:' The boy is in the knife.' So I left. "The internal knife means that Zhu Hui's spirit and character are as sharp as a knife, so he is fearless when facing the external blade in the hands of thieves. This shows that people at that time attached great importance to the human spirit. Guo's theory of "using people for oneself" embodies this tendency of judging people.

Because Zong Lin is good at judging characters and his words are true, he enjoys a high reputation in the contemporary world. The Book of the Later Han Dynasty (Volume 68) Biography:

(Zong Lin) is eight feet long, tall and handsome, and travels in the county. When I walked between Chen and Liang in the rain, I put a corner of the towel on it, so people folded the corner of the towel and thought it was "Zong Lin towel". All the same.

At that time, everyone loved my family and my dog, and even Guo's casual clothes were imitated. Not only that, Guo also has the ability to keep his promise and influence public opinion in the ruling and opposition parties. Some controversial people, after receiving his praise, people tend to sit up and take notice of their past behavior. In the Book of the Later Han Dynasty, Volume 31, Biography of Su Zhang, there is a biography of Su Buwei, which says, "If the queen of Wei does not forgive, she will be reburied and lost." Scholar-officials often laughed at him for robbing a tomb, and he deserved it. He broke away from the ancient meaning and only served as a member of the market. "Guo heard about it and thought it was better than five members." The discussant was so expensive. "And some people with high reputation have made mistakes unintentionally. Once they are criticized by Guo, they will be left out in the cold immediately. Shi Shuo Xin Yu Gui Zhen San:

Chen Yuanfang was mourned, wept and mourned by his father. His body stood upright, but his mother was so anxious that she was covered with brocade. Guo hung it up and saw it. He said: "You are a talented person in the world, and the four sides are reasonable. How can you be mourned and covered? " Confucius said,' I am rich in clothes and rice. What about your safety? I don't accept it. "awake. Since then, guests have lived here for hundreds of days.

This story is enough to show how influential Guo was at that time. He not only has excellent practice in judging characters, but also has a profound summary in theory. Shi Shuo Shi Volume 17 Liu cited Tai Chuan:

Zong Lin, a Thai figure, was distinguished by some people. He wrote about people in the sea, either young children or at school, and later became Yan Ying, with more than 60 people. Since writing a book, on the basis of taking scholars, it was not done, and it was lost.

This material is very important. According to this, we know that Guo wrote a theoretical work on the issue of selecting talents and appointing people, but it was lost in the chaos before it was circulated. Nevertheless, his outstanding practice in recruiting talents had a great influence on the talent research in the Three Kingdoms period. In view of this, we won't be surprised by the birth of Liu Xie's Tales of Talents.