About the mole

Mole is called nevus cell or melanocyte nevus in medicine, which is a skin manifestation caused by the increase of melanocytes in epidermis and dermis. If it is papule or nipple-like appearance or pedicled skin, it is clinically called intradermal nevus; Slightly higher than the leather surface is mostly mixed mole; Not higher than the skin surface is the borderline nevus.

The harm of nevus is congenital and acquired. Ninety-nine percent of people's bodies are benign moles, and some moles are possible. For example, the following:

1). Nevus with atypical changes.

Nevus with atypical appearance may become malignant, such as dark nevus, uneven pigment, uneven or irregular edge, unclear boundary, asymmetric left and right, and statistically larger than 5 mm in diameter.

2). Congenital high-risk nevus

The moles that babies can see at birth are called congenital moles, and there are not many congenital moles. According to statistics, 1% of newborns have moles. Not all congenital moles are inherently dangerous, and size is an important factor. Generally speaking, the bigger the mole, the greater the possibility of malignant transformation in the future, so the doctor suggested to remove it as soon as possible.

3). Nail groove nevus

The nail groove is connected with the skin under the nail, which may grow under the nail and be blocked by the nail, so it is not easy to see the change, and it grows at the end and is more likely to become malignant in the future.

4). A mole will change suddenly and rapidly.

If the mole of the whole body changes at the same time because of hormonal changes, there is no doubt about it. If a single mole changes suddenly and rapidly, it is worth noting.

5). Nevus growing in special parts

For example, moles growing on limbs must be observed, because moles in these places have a greater chance of becoming malignant melanoma than moles in other places.

6). Mucosal nevus

Moles appeared in oral mucosa, conjunctiva, vagina and foreskin.

Pay attention before you go to the mole. For example, some people with scar constitution are prone to hyperplastic scars because the wounds will not proliferate normally. Therefore, before removing the mole, you should inform the doctor to avoid being more ugly.

Laser to remove moles 1, the most common tattoos and tattoos.

Tattoo: Pigment is artificially implanted into the dermis, or pencil lead and iron powder enter the dermis due to accidental injury. Generally, only a few laser treatments are needed to solve the problem.

3045 Q-switched dual-wavelength medical laser beauty instrument outputs 1064 nm and 532 nm, and 1064nm Q-switched laser has strong penetration and can reach melanocytes or black-blue dye particles in deep skin. Q-switched laser at 532 nm can be well absorbed by black-red pigment and can effectively remove black-red pigment. So as to completely remove the pigment.

2. Laser therapy

The principle of laser therapy is that laser instruments produce high-intensity beams, and different types of lasers can produce different colors of light. The naked eye color of laser is the key to treatment. Different colors of laser are absorbed by different colors of skin, and dye particles are decomposed and vaporized by laser energy, sealing blood vessels, and then the dye particles are absorbed by the body and excreted, and the pigment disappears.

Because the laser of a certain wavelength is only absorbed by the pigment of the corresponding color. Only diseased cells can absorb specific laser, while normal skin tissue will not be damaged, so it will not leave scars. Advanced laser technology can also control the depth of laser reaching the skin, and adjustable pulse can minimize skin damage. Generally, the skin can return to normal within 7 days to 10 day, without affecting people's normal life. During the operation, the treatment time is only a few minutes at a time, and at most it is ten minutes. After each treatment, the skin goes through a metabolic process of natural absorption, so the treatment interval is generally 2 ~ 3 months. According to the size, quantity and depth of pigment and vascular diseases, some treatments can achieve the expected effect once or twice, and generally it takes 4 to 6 times to completely solve the problem.

3. Characteristics of laser cosmetic treatment

1) does not damage skin and hair follicles, does not generate scars, and only removes pigments.

2) Pigments that cannot be removed by drugs and other methods can be removed.

3) The pain is small and no anesthesia is needed.

4) Fast recovery and little influence on normal work.

5) cold light sterilization, no cross infection, no special care after operation.

4. Preparation before laser treatment

1) There should be no inflammation in the treatment area.

2) Laser treatment is prohibited during menstruation and pregnancy.

3) Clean the treatment area, do deep cleaning if necessary, and then disinfect the treatment area.

4) Sensitive parts such as eyeliner, apply anesthetic to lips for 20 minutes before treatment. Shave and disinfect the affected area with hair.

5) Patients should take photos before laser treatment to compare the effect after laser treatment.

5. Time and interval of laser treatment

After laser treatment, the time for pigment particles to fade and discharge is generally about 3-6 months. Due to the differences in size, type, depth and color of pigment particles, skin color, metabolic ability and age, the time and degree of pigment particles fading and discharging after laser treatment are also different. The lighter the lesion, the younger the age, and the earlier the treatment, the better the effect. Generally speaking, superficial pigmented diseases such as freckles and sunburn need 1-2 times, wrong eyebrow tattoos need 3-4 times and amateur tattoos need 4-6 times. Professional tattoos need 8- 10 times, and deep pigmented diseases such as nevus of OTA need 5-6 times, with an interval of 2-3 months.

Laser treatment of spots, moles, etc. The skin will have a natural recovery process, just like a normal pregnancy can only be born once in October, and no one can surpass it. After laser surgery, at first, black focal dementia may appear on the wound. After 1-3 days, the wound has slight redness and exudation (especially in the orbital area or the wound with large burn area), and a few people may have blisters and then dry, forming dementia. /kloc-After 0/8 days to 2 weeks, the dementia skin exfoliated and healed. After cure, a few patients will have atrophic scars or hypertrophic scars. After dye laser treatment, the skin surface can appear white, then ruddy, or light brown, and the pigment gradually approaches the skin color after 3-9 months. The younger you are, the faster people with good skin condition will recover. Therefore, we should wait patiently after laser treatment, and avoid being impatient and asking for trouble.

In principle, do not scrub with water within two weeks of laser treatment. To protect the wound surface clean, some lubricating drugs can be used, and antibiotic ointment can be used locally if necessary. Avoid removing scabs early and let them fall off by themselves. In addition, direct sunlight and ultraviolet rays should be avoided. After treatment, some patients may have red skin color and then pigmentation. According to different personal conditions, the pigmentation will gradually fade after 1-6 months. After 1-3 days of scar laser treatment, swelling and a small amount of exudate will appear in the treated area and surrounding tissues, which can cause swelling and numbness. After that, the swelling gradually subsided and the scab healed in 1-2 weeks. Laser hair removal will be accompanied by a little tingling or slight burning. Most patients describe their feelings of being treated, and most patients describe their feelings of being treated as if a rubber band had bounced, without anesthesia to relieve the pain. After treatment, the skin of the treated area may appear reddish, like sunburn, because laser treatment will not damage the skin, so there is no need for dressing change and special care.

Due to the complexity of various pigment problems, in order to protect normal skin, some pigments need to be treated in stages, such as nevus OTA, chloasma, dermal spots, mixed color tattoos and so on. , the interval varies from 1-2 months.

6. Nursing after laser treatment

1) There may be slight pain during the treatment, or there may be temporary redness and swelling, which will disappear by itself.

2) After 7-14 days, the scab membrane fell off and the wound healed. Individual patients may have normal temporary pigmentation after operation, which will be gradually absorbed. Oral vitamin C can reduce pigment reflux.

3) Antibacterial ointment or oral anti-inflammatory drugs can be applied during healing to prevent secondary infection. Avoid direct sunlight and ultraviolet rays. Otherwise, temporary pigmentation will occur, and scars may appear after infection.

4) Before the scab falls off, do not touch water, make-up or rub in the treatment area, and avoid spicy food, tobacco and alcohol. In the near future, dark fast food, such as coffee, Pepsi, etc. And let the scab fall off on its own, not forcibly. Don't take part in strenuous exercise to avoid infection after sweating.

5) After the treatment of pigmented skin diseases, you must pay attention to sun protection. Pigment fading is a slow biological process, usually 1-3 months, and you must continue to protect yourself from the sun during this time. In order to obtain the best effect, it should be repeated for more than 3 months.

6) According to the nature of the lesion, the depth and location of the pigment, some diseases may need multiple treatments.

7) If there are no special circumstances after treatment, you can come again every 2-3 months. If you have infection or other conditions, please come to our center in time.

When sleeping, the pillow should be raised to reduce facial edema (the treatment site is on the face). The treatment site is around the eyes. If the eyelid is swollen, ice can be applied to the affected area, or the eyelid can be forcibly closed to reduce edema. Do not use other drugs or cosmetics before the scab at the treatment site falls off, so as to avoid inflammation of the affected part. After the scab skin falls off, you can wash your face normally. It takes three months for the parts that need supplementary color, such as eyebrows.

7. Matters needing attention in treatment

1) After laser treatment, the pigment may disappear or decrease once or more.

2) Laser treatment is superficial, and there are generally no scars.

3) Pigment changes may occur in a short time after laser treatment and disappear after several months.

4) Within two weeks of treatment, it is not advisable to scrub in principle.

5) Small-area treatment only caused local slight swelling. There will be obvious swelling during large-scale treatment, especially around the eyes, which will disappear after three to five days.

6) There may be slight redness and light brown scab after laser. Pay attention to the protection and cleaning of wounds, and use some lubricating drugs. Avoid removing scabs early and let them fall off by themselves.

7) About half a month after operation, special mask treatment was performed.

8) The treatment site is sensitive to sunlight, and sunlight should be avoided for three months after treatment, and sunscreen lotion should be used if necessary.

9) Try to avoid sun exposure for three weeks before treatment, so as not to hinder the therapeutic effect.

10) within one week before receiving laser treatment, aspirin and other drugs should be avoided to prevent easy bleeding.

In addition, there are two situations that need special attention:

① Patients with scar constitution may leave ugly scars, so laser treatment should be cautious. Once there is a problem, you should seek active treatment from a doctor.

② If the patient's pigmentation is caused by endocrine factors, it may be "revived" after laser removal. Such patients need to combine other treatments to adjust endocrine disorders, use decoloring drugs, take large doses of vitamin C, and eat more fruits every day. After a period of time, most skin tissues can return to normal, superficial scars can be calmed down, and pigmentation will also fade. However, for some deep spots and large moles, laser treatment may leave scars or pigmentation, which are carefully considered by beauty lovers before laser treatment.

8. contraindications

1) patients with skin cancer.

2) Abnormal development of nevus, malignant nevus, etc.

3) Scar constitution.

4) Acute skin or taking photosensitive drugs.

5) Photosensitive skin or taking photosensitive drugs.

6) Coagulation dysfunction or taking anticoagulant.

7) Exempt from service defects.

8) Psychological disorders and pregnant women.

9) Skin lesions related to melanoma (such as dysplastic nevus and malignant nevus). );

10) customers who are unwilling to bear the risk of slight scar formation should not be treated; Excessive pigmentation or dark spots caused by inflammation and drugs (including cosmetics) are not suitable for treatment.

Pay more attention to your moles.

Due to air pollution, ozone layer destruction, ionizing radiation and many other factors, the incidence of malignant melanoma is on the rise. However, due to patients' lack of understanding of its seriousness, it is often in the late stage when they see a doctor, which leads to poor treatment effect. If patients with early malignant melanoma undergo surgery and biotherapy, the five-year survival rate can reach 60%-80%, but the five-year survival rate of patients with advanced melanoma is less than 5%.

Don't take nevus for granted, because almost 60% of malignant melanoma comes from the malignant transformation of nevus, so how to identify the malignant transformation of nevus is particularly important for the early diagnosis of melanoma.

Generally, there are few cases of malignant melanoma with moles from birth, and the moles have not changed significantly for more than 10 years or 10 years. Moreover, most moles are benign, with neat and uniform edges, black or dark brown, and are easily divided into two symmetrical parts by a straight line. The malignant transformation of nevus is characterized by irregularity, irregular circuitous and distorted edges; It is not uniform black, but variegated and interlaced, and it is usually impossible to divide it into two symmetrical parts with a straight line; At first, it was small and imperceptible, but it grew gradually. When it grows to the size of a rubber head on a pencil, it will be clear at a glance.

Because the incidence of malignant melanoma is related to ultraviolet radiation, experts remind that unnecessary sunlight exposure should be minimized. For some moles located in special parts, such as soles of feet, palms, vulva and other parts that are easy to rub the skin, we should go to the hospital for surgical removal in time to avoid malignant transformation of moles after frequent rubbing.

Various signals of malignant transformation of nevus

Everyone has moles, only a few of which are malignant and need to be removed as soon as possible. So, how can we estimate whether this mole will become malignant? What is the harbinger of malignant transformation of nevus? See what the laser beauty experts say!

Generally, mature moles do not become malignant, such as hairy moles, which are generally mature moles. Therefore, moles generally do not become malignant. Adults with borderline nevus are probably immature nevus and have the chance of malignant transformation.

Pigmented nevus, which usually occurs in palms and soles of feet, is easy to induce cancer due to repeated rubbing or stimulation. In addition, some people think that the treatment of pigmented nevus is not thorough, because the cells of nevus are stimulated, it may also induce cancer. So these moles are recommended to be removed.

If other pigmented nevi are likely to become malignant, there are often some precursors: 1, a mole is red and inflamed without other reasons, or the color of the mole suddenly deepens; 2. The edge of the well-defined mole becomes blurred, or one side is clear and the other side is not clear, and the color changes from dark to light; 3. Pigmented nevus suddenly becomes bigger in a short time; 4, the surface from smooth to rough, erosion, exudation, bleeding and other changes; 5. A few small black spots suddenly appear around a mole, that is, satellite-like moles appear, so we should be highly alert to the malignant transformation of this mole; 6, moles are generally unconscious discomfort, if a mole suddenly feels itchy and painful, you should also be alert to the possibility of malignant transformation of moles.

Pigmented nevus generally appears before the age of 20-30, and can gradually disappear after the age of 30 (except facial nevus). If you grow new moles when you are old, or if a single mole suddenly becomes bigger and darker, you should pay attention to it.

Advantages and disadvantages of nevus removal methods: chemical etching method

Indications: Nevus with light color and light position.

Methods: Generally speaking, 50% triazole carbonic acid solution or alkaline reagent, such as sodium hydroxide, is suitable for nevus.

Advantages: Triazole carbonic acid solution is not easy to burn the skin and cause scars; Alkaline solution is corrosive and may take effect soon.

Disadvantages: triazole carbonic acid solution acts slowly, and the deeper mole may be 10 times; Sodium hydroxide is not easy to control the corrosion depth, and it is easy to cause deep scars.

Electric combustion method

Indications: nevus with a diameter of 0.3-0.5 cm.

Methods: The principle of electric heating and high temperature burning was used to remove the nevus caused by burning and carbonization.

Advantages: simple operation, some beauty salons may also be able to operate.

Disadvantages: it is difficult to control the degree of burning, and it is easy to leave scars.

freezing method

Indications: Flat nevus with a diameter of 0.3-0.5 cm, including freckles.

Methods: Cryopreservation with liquid nitrogen, high-speed freezing of pigmented nevus tissue, formation of water sores around pigmented nevus cells, and then spontaneous shedding.

Advantages: the depth of injury is easy to master, it can be cured at one time, and it is not easy to cause obvious scars.

Disadvantages: large and thick moles need to be frozen several times to be cured, and special instruments must be equipped, and the doctor's skills are also very important.

Laser method

Indications: Most of them can be used, including deep and shallow nevus.

Methods: At present, laser can be used to remove superficial nevus, such as ruby laser, chromium laser or dye laser. If it is a large and deep mole, it should be removed by carbon dioxide ultra-pulse laser.

Advantages: Laser nevus removal can control the best spot size and depth, and it is not easy to leave scars and infections.

Disadvantages: if the mole is too deep, you may still have to play several times.

method of work

Indications: large and prominent nevus with a diameter greater than 0.6 cm.

Methods: The pathological tissues around the nevus were surgically removed.

Advantages: this method can choose to partially or completely remove the diseased tissue, and different treatment methods can be carried out according to the nature of hydatidiform mole.

Disadvantages: it is difficult and takes a lot of time. Generally, this method is rarely used for moles.

Dot mole

China people have been welcomed by Dot mole since ancient times, but why Dot mole? Everyone's reasons can be roughly summarized as the following three reasons:

1. Shipment to Dot mole:

Traditionally, there are two kinds of moles: good luck moles and bad luck moles. Bad moles will affect fate, including marriage, career and wealth. In order to avoid bad luck, people who are considered as bad moles must try to get rid of them.

Second, beautiful and beautiful:

There are moles on the face, often because the location is too obvious or the size and quantity of moles are too large, which affects the beauty of the face. Many people are Dot mole because of her ugly appearance.

Third, prevent lesions:

Some moles will change color, size and concave-convex shape, which may be skin lesions, so some people will have Dot mole to avoid removing the focus. In fact, there is not much research on whether the mole itself has signs of pathological changes, and only a few doctors or people are alert.

The doctor pointed out that if the mole has the following changes or conditions, it is necessary to be especially careful, and it is best to let the doctor diagnose and treat it as soon as possible.

Mole, often oppressed:

For example, moles on the soles of feet, big toes, waist, back, breasts, nipples and other parts. Easier to be oppressed by friction and easier to change.

Second, frequent bleeding moles:

External parts, upper neck and other places that are often contacted, or razors often pass through moles that cause bleeding.

Third, the appearance of the mole:

Moles with sudden changes in volume and surface shape, especially those with irregular edges.

Fourth, unstable nevus

A sore, itchy and discolored mole.

It is best to lose moles when changing.

There was once a doctor who had a mole on his waist, and this part often leaned against the operating table. Because of the busy work, I often rub and oppress until I feel dull pain and my appearance spreads. Biopsy confirmed that it was melanoma. The other two patients with moles on their thumbs thought that small moles were not worth mentioning. Due to daily walking and oppression, the best treatment opportunity has passed, cancer cells have swallowed normal cells, so toes and legs have to be removed, which shows that moles in these parts can not be ignored.

Safe Dot mole method

Therefore, if you have moles on your body, especially those that grow on the extrusion site or pop up suddenly, it is best to consult a doctor first and check them when necessary. Generally speaking, the traditional method of corroding Dot mole, drugs often spread with the skin, which is easy to leave scars. Some people use traditional Dot mole to leave scars, and then they have to go to scar treatment. There are many such examples in outpatient clinics. In order to achieve effective Dot mole without scar and pain, the laser safety Dot mole method can be used. There are also many Dot mole methods in the medical field, such as knife cutting, freezing, dermabrasion and direct lunar laser Dot mole. The operation method will leave scars, and the freezing method has abnormal pigment. The best method is laser Dot mole. Although laser has the advantages of removing pigment, leaving no scar and quick recovery, there will be a slight recurrence of pigment residue after laser when encountering moles with unstable pigment. The method of safe Dot mole is to apply anesthetic to the epidermis to remove melanin and prominent nevus, and then treat the deeper melanin with laser. This two-pronged method can not only clean moles, but also accelerate wound healing and recovery with lasers. Taking anti-inflammatory drugs and drugs to promote tissue regeneration two days after operation can restore smooth skin and leave no scar in a few days, which can be said to be a very safe Dot mole's method.

epidermal nevus

Epidermal nevus is an epidermal proliferative disease, also known as unilateral nevus, linear epidermal nevus or verrucous epidermal nevus. This disease was first described by VonBaerensprung in 1863. It is called unilateral nevus, also known as linear epidermal nevus, verrucous nevus and verrucous linear nevus. There are dozens of synonyms for the same disease. This etiology is caused by abnormal epidermal development caused by overgrowth of epidermal cells.