What do you think of reporter Liang Qichao? ! No introduction! !

Mr Liang Qichao is an influential figure in the modern history of China, but there are different opinions about him. In the past, many people criticized him as a royalist and counter-revolutionary. It was not until recent decades that they made an in-depth study of him and gave him a correct evaluation. My evaluation of Mr. Liang Qichao is a rare genius in the history of China, and I summed up his fourteen great contributions to modern China.

1. Liang Qichao is an outstanding enlightenment thinker in China.

Mr. Liang Qichao systematically introduced the western thoughts of civil rights, democracy and freedom to China for the first time. It promoted the awakening of China people and made them have a sense of modernization. With the Reform Movement of 1898 as the boundary, China thought was feudal orthodoxy before, and then enlightenment thought rose. He introduced the idea of civil rights into practical schools, trained new talents and initiated a new stage of China's national democratic revolution. His enlightenment thought has also influenced other colonial and semi-colonial countries, which is of international significance.

Second, Mr. Liang Qichao resolutely and uncompromisingly opposed feudal autocracy and advocated democratic constitutionalism, which initiated a new era of political democratization, ideological liberalization and legal institutionalization in China.

Third, Liang Qichao is an outstanding propagandist in China.

Mr. Liang Qichao took newspapers and periodicals as the propaganda position, and successively founded influential newspapers and periodicals such as Chinese and Foreign News, Practical News, Qingyi News, Xinmin Cong News, National Newspaper, Greater China and Shenbao. His articles reflected the most scientific ideas at that time, which were widely welcomed by intellectuals and had a wide influence. He introduced western philosophy, politics, political economy, finance and law to China.

Liang Qichao is a rare social activist and outstanding politician in the history of the world.

Mr. Liang Qichao is the leader of bourgeois reform movement, the advocate of constitutional monarchy, the strong advocate of revolutionary republic and the leader of constitutionalism. After the Revolution of 1911, he served as the leader of the Progressive Party, and Xiong Xiling was then the Chief Justice and Minister of Finance. Yuan Shikai proclaimed himself emperor. He angrily refused to pay a huge sum of money, published a famous article "What's wrong with the so-called national system", publicly begged Yuan, and organized a national protection movement with Cai E and others. After World War I, he served as an external consultant for the China delegation of the Paris Peace Conference, and strongly advocated fighting for national rights. He discovered the Japanese imperialist plot to take over Shandong in advance, and sent the news back to China in time and published it in newspapers, which triggered the May 4th Movement and marked the new stage of China's democratic revolution.

Liang Qichao is the standard-bearer who resolutely opposes imperialism.

Liang Qichao organized and led the bus to write a letter against the signing of treaty of shimonoseki. Published an article "carve up dangerous words", exposing the imperialism's ambition to carve up China. Resolutely oppose Japanese violation of Article 21 of China.

6. Liang Qichao is an outstanding educator in China.

Liang Qichao's educational thought has not attracted the attention of Chinese people, because he was mainly criticized in the past. His educational thoughts are as follows: (1) he advocated saving the country through education and put forward the theory of saving the country through education based on cultivating talents. (2) Establish schools and other educational institutions, advocate the abolition of stereotyped writing, and set up Capital University Hall and domestic schools at all levels. He took the lead in introducing the western academic system and management system and formulating educational policies. (3) Establish a library. He founded Shi Jing Library, Beijing Library and Songpo Library successively, and organized the establishment of library society of china. (4) Give lectures on the spot. I started school in Dongguan in my early years, and later served as the senior of Wanmu Caotang, giving lectures in practical schools. After the Revolution of 1911, Professor Tsinghua University wrote a motto for Tsinghua, that is, "Respect morality and strive for self-improvement". (5) Educational thoughts of educating people. It advocates teaching students to be human first, then imparting knowledge, and implementing the educational concept of "determination, patriotism and success". Eight of his nine children have gone abroad to study, and all of them have returned home, and three of them are academicians. He laid the foundation of modern education in China in theory and practice.

Seven, shaping the national spirit

Liang Qichao devoted his whole life to advocating and carrying forward the excellent national spirit and introducing advanced western culture. Liang Qichao was the first scholar in China's modern history who proposed to reform national cowardice, and advocated to mold new citizens with new wisdom and strength. Only in this way can China stand on its own feet among the nations of the world.

Liang Qichao is an encyclopedic scholar.

Mr. Liang Qichao introduced almost all western social sciences to China at that time, and combined with the reality in China to promote them. He extensively studied the history of China, pointed out that the twenty-four histories were only the genealogy of emperors, and put forward a new view of history. Therefore, we can say that Mr. Liang Qichao is the terminator of China's old learning, the pioneer of the new culture of combining Chinese and Western culture in the new era, and an epoch-making cultural figure.

9. Emancipate the mind for the first time and oppose Confucianism.

Liang Qichao initiated a new academic era in China. It is worth mentioning that the first person in China to publicize Marxist theory was not Li Dazhao, but Mr. Liang Qichao. As early as 1902, Liang Qichao published an article to promote this theory. During his tenure in Shen Bao founded by Liang Qichao, Li Dazhao was influenced by Liang Qichao to promote Marxism.

Ten, rich academic works, academic views of high value.

According to the statistics of scholars studying Liang Qichao's works in Shanghai Academy of Social Sciences, Liang Qichao has published about 6,543,804 words, of which about 20 million words have not been included, which shows that there are many articles.

Liang Qichao first put forward the viewpoint that China is in transition from a feudal society to a socialist society, and envisaged the development model of the transitional society-gradual and phased. Under the influence of this view, he advocated an enlightened monarchy and opposed radical violent revolution. He believes that Ming Chengzu is an important figure in the reform and has made great contributions to the development of social history. Liang Qichao opposed the leap-forward theory, advocated combining China's reality with foreign experience, and opposed copying foreign experience. Politically, it advocates an enlightened monarchy, economically, it opposes the shackles of capital, advocates vigorously developing national capital to enhance national strength, and opposes radical socialism. In retrospect, how consistent his thoughts and views are with the social development policy of "the speed and intensity of social development should be adapted to the bearing capacity of society" formulated by the 15th National Congress of the Communist Party of China!

1 1. Liang Qichao launched a moral revolution and lashed out at the Confucian ethics of the three cardinal guides and the five permanent members.

Twelve, lofty outlook on life, values, scientific and advanced academic outlook.

Mr. Liang Qichao is highly praised by people at home and abroad for his noble personal sentiment, profound knowledge and fraternity social revolutionary activities. Edgar snow called him "the father of China's spirit". Japanese Prime Minister Hirofumi Ito called him "the precious soul of China".

Thirteen, create a literary revolution

As early as before the New Culture Movement, Liang Qichao wrote articles in a new style in popular language, which created a new style of "material objects" and had a wide influence. He actively advocated the revolution of poetry, novels and history and put forward new historical viewpoints.

Fourteen, advocate women's education and promote women's liberation.

Mr. Liang Qichao strongly opposes women's foot-binding, pointing out that foot-binding harms women and China society. It is pointed out that the body of people in the world begins with women, the uterus determines physical fitness, and the earliest education that people receive is mother education. Therefore, he strongly advocated women's education and gender equality. Put forward the famous conclusion that women's education is an important index to measure the country's prosperity.

Conclusion: Mr Liang Qichao is the first wizard, an epoch-making figure and an encyclopedic scholar in the history of China.

Discuss questions and answers

1. Q: Please tell Teacher Dong about Liang Qichao's feminist studies in detail.

A: Liang Qichao is very concerned about girls' schools and women's education. His daughters also received a good education and achieved something. He and people of insight in Shanghai founded the first girls' school in China, and personally formulated the school's bylaws, some of which are still in use today. Students can refer to the article on promoting women's education in The Ice Room Collection.

2. Q: I think the Reform Movement of 1898 failed because of procedural problems, and Cixi's power should be overthrown before the Reform Movement of 1898. What do you think of this problem?

A: I think the reform is too radical. In just one hundred days, more than 100 political reform decrees were promulgated, which made officials at all levels unable to adapt. In addition, a large number of institutions were abolished, which made many officials unemployed and caused serious social problems. In fact, Cixi is not opposed to political reform, provided that the central officials cannot be removed at will and the patriarchal clan system cannot be changed at will. I think that the speed and intensity of reform are beyond the endurance of society, which is the real reason for the failure of reform.

Q: Many changes have taken place in Liang Qichao's political thought. What does this have to do with the economic situation in China at that time?

A: I think the change of Liang Qichao's thought is due to his personal experience and has little to do with the economic situation in China at that time. Influenced by western learning, Liang Qichao advocated constitutional monarchy. After the failure of the Reform Movement of 1898, he went into exile to inspect the democratic system in Europe and America, especially the United States, and turned to support the democratic republic. When he noticed the disadvantages of western society, he thought that the democratic Republic had many disadvantages and the monarchy was better, so he argued with the revolutionaries and advocated the implementation of an enlightened monarchy.

Q: Teacher Dong, please talk about the evaluation of historical figures based on Liang Qichao's research experience.

A: In the past, we mainly criticized Liang Qichao, saying that he was a royalist and counter-revolutionary, and even his children were implicated. It was not until recent years that we had an objective evaluation of him. I think the research and evaluation of historical figures should be based on his social background, personal academic works or collections and activities.

Q: A reporter from Jiangmen TV said, Teacher Dong, when I was studying A Brief History of Social Development, I learned that seizing political power by armed means is the only way to revolution. What do you think of this view?

A: Marx said that "revolution is the midwife of the new society", but I think this midwife should seize the opportunity, too late or too early will cause great sacrifice. Therefore, midwives are important, and pregnant women in the new society are more important, otherwise they will be unemployed.

Greek: I hope all the students here are interested in studying Liang Qichao, because his works are rich, extensive, influential and mixed, so it is very meaningful to study Liang Qichao.

The author's emotion

As a graduate student studying history, I think we should try our best to return the true colors of history when studying history. Mr. Liang Qichao thinks that the twenty-fourth history is only for the emperor, and the credibility of a large number of unofficial history is questionable, which brings us great difficulties in seeking real historical materials. After all, Dong Hu has too few pens. China has a long history and splendid culture, but cultural disasters are hard to count. Burn books to bury Confucianism, bury precious historical books, tamper with history, beautify the contemporary, and let children escape from the real history. Peasant uprising and dynasty war made cultural classics disappear in the shadow of swords and swords. Class theory has filled history with class labels, countless cultural heritages have been destroyed by class struggles, cultural scholars have been tortured and even died mentally and physically, and even future generations have become different. What kind of history should we give to future generations when history has come to this day is a question worthy of consideration and the responsibility of our historical researchers.