How is the folk custom in northern China formed?

Mongolian and Manchu upper classes once occupied the Central Plains and established the Yuan Dynasty and the Qing Dynasty respectively. Many heroes have emerged in these two countries. These heroes who reorganized rivers and mountains left a deep impression in the minds of the broad masses of the people.

Qing Taizu Aixinjueluo Nurhachi was an outstanding politician, strategist and national hero of Manchu. There are many legends about this generation of Tianjiao, which is deeply missed by people.

The most famous is the legend of the old man Wang. It is composed of legends such as Buddha mother, yellow dog savior, old grass beach and the origin of Soren pole. When I was a child, Nuerhachi, the old bad king, worked as a waiter for Li, the general manager of the Ming Dynasty. Li boasted that he had three black ruffians because of his feet. Han Xiao said that he had seven black villains. Li thinks he is the only thrill, so he has the heart to kill. Li's concubine was released overnight. On the way to escape, Han Xiao fainted in a meadow. When soldiers of the Ming Dynasty were burning grass, the yellow dog came out to help and blocked the fire with water. Han was saved with laughter, but the yellow dog was exhausted. When the Ming army was chasing troops up the mountain, at a critical moment, a flock of crows flew in and covered Wang Han's body. Later, old Wang Han became emperor. In return for saving his life, Nurhachi made many rules. Today, the Manchu people worship "Motherless" (or Buddha's head mother) to commemorate Li's concubine Xilan. In addition, it is also stipulated that Manchu people do not eat dog meat and other customs.

The legend of "Old Wang Han Killing the Son" tells the story of Dahuofang Reservoir in the east of Fushun City, Liaoning Province. It was originally the Salhu village where the old Wang Han Nurhachi fought against Liaodong in the Ming Dynasty. Old Wang Han first sent his eldest son to know the actual situation of the army. The eldest son explained that the army was strong and powerful, and the old fool denounced it as alarmist, which shook the army's heart and killed him. He sent his second son to spy, and he reported that although the army was outnumbered, it had no head and could be defeated. After hearing this, the soldiers were refreshed and defeated the Ming army in one fell swoop.

From the legend of Nurhachi, it is not difficult to find the national spirit in the rising era of Manchu, such as the strong passion of inspiring national prestige and the spirit of eager to make contributions. People regard Nurhachi as the soul of the nation, praise his merits, character and talents, and encourage each other, thus enhancing the prestige of the nation and showing its strength. These legends use artistic techniques such as imagination and exaggeration, and the stories fully conform to the national psychology of Manchu's rise.

There are many legends of Genghis Khan among Mongols. Among them, the legend of archer (Alho Sun Huerchi) is contained in Jin Shi, Origin of Mongolia and Biography of Genghis Khan. According to the legend, Genghis Khan went on an expedition to Sorengud, married the Princess Helan of the tribe and refused to return to China. A 'Hersun Huer, the archer of the state prison (Su Wei), went to see Genghis Khan on the orders of the true queen possessed by Kyle Polo, and made a metaphor: "White laid her eggs on the Miluo tree and thought it was reliable, but the leopard and eagle destroyed her nest and ate both the eggs and the young; As the saying goes, Hongyan hatched eggs in the reeds, thinking that the reeds could be relied on, but the white-clawed evil eagle broke its nest and ate the eggs and chicks. Wise adults, study hard! " The Lord asked, "Do you understand what Hulchi said?" Ministers said, "I don't understand." The Lord himself understood, and the Oracle said, "The so-called Miluo tree refers to my companion; I am talking about myself in vain; The so-called leopard refers to North Korea and the so-called nest refers to peace. Reed is a huge country; The so-called Hongyan refers to herself; The eagle mentioned is North Korea; The so-called eggs and chickens refer to my concubines and sons; The nest and nest are too dry and too big. " Genghis Khan hurried back to his hometown after listening to the advice of Ahehe Sun Huerchi.

Throughout the history of Mongolians, the rise was the golden age in the history of Mongolian development. During this period, Mongolians concentrated and fully demonstrated their creativity, enterprising spirit and unity spirit in extremely difficult environment, created great national achievements that will go down in history forever, and laid the foundation for national rejuvenation. The struggle environment has cultivated the Mongolian people's passion to express their national heroes, which helps the Mongolians to preserve themselves within the nation and in the whole social relations. Archers dared to personally remonstrate with Genghis Khan, who was able to listen to remonstrance and was open-minded, reflecting the spirit of national rise and vigorous progress in this period. The second legend shows that Genghis Khan has superhuman martial arts and talents, so he is widely expected. There is no doubt that this legend is full of imagination, but its root lies in the historical conditions of the Mongols and the general spiritual requirements of the Mongols.

During the feudal society, many historical figures emerged in the northern nationalities. The working people enthusiastically recalled their heroic deeds and expressed their nostalgia for their ancestors. Madame Manduchen of Mongolia has been published in Outline of Mongolian Gold History, Robsang Gold History and Origin of Mongolia. Mrs. Manduhaichen was originally a concubine of Manduhahan, and she was widowed at the age of 20. Man Rahan is the first 12 grandson of Genghis Khan. Before he ascended the throne, feuds between Mongolian feudal lords occurred from time to time. After the death of Mandula Khan, Prince Bayan Meng He was killed. Batu Meng He and Dayan Khan, sons of Bayan Meng He, are 4 years old. At this critical moment, Mrs. Manduhechen stepped forward, raised her young son, put on her hair and crown, went into battle in person and took charge of the state affairs. When Bold, the king of Horqin, proposed to her, in order to continue the Khan system of Genghis Khan's direct descendants and curb the separatist forces, she flatly refused. It shows the historical figures' country-oriented mind, firm and decisive talent and military talent.

The legend of General Sabusu is circulated in Manchu. Sabusu was a patriotic general in Qing Dynasty. He was a general in Heilongjiang in the 1980s in 17, and made many brilliant achievements in the battle against jaxa in Russia. "God Drove Deer out of Rescue" said that after Sabusu was dismissed, there were enemy soldiers in front and no food and grass behind him. At this time, his loyalty to the country touched the virgin of Changbai, who drove a group of elk to feed the soldiers. "Sabusu buys grass" says that Sabusu's subordinates pay less for grass for the people, and Sabusu personally supplies the money to the elderly. In addition, there are Sabusu riding alone in Ozai and Loongson shooting riding in Mukunda. These legends reflect the belief of the people of all ethnic groups in northern Xinjiang to defend the motherland from all directions, and eulogize the spirit of not being afraid of strong enemies in the anti-aggression struggle.