What is five movements and six qi?

Luck theory is the knowledge of ancient people to explore the periodic law of natural change and its influence on diseases, and the occurrence of epidemics is often related to climate change. Therefore, in the prevention and control of acute epidemic, if we can gain insight into the weather and understand the periodic changes of climate, it will play a positive role in the prevention and control of epidemic. Professor Meng Qingyun from the Institute of Basic Theory of China Academy of Traditional Chinese Medicine said that the theory of "five movements and six qi" can best reflect the theory of "preventing diseases". Luck prediction is not a fortune-telling without scientific basis. Disease prediction is an important problem that all countries in the world are very concerned about but have not solved well. Although it is difficult, I believe that the theory of luck in Chinese medicine can help to predict diseases.

Chinese medicine has a long history. Since ancient times, it has attached great importance to the relationship between man and the environment and nature. It is believed that the natural environment, including climatic conditions and geographical location, plays an extremely important role in the occurrence of diseases, especially infectious diseases. Under the guidance of this cognitive view, the theory of five movements and six qi in TCM has gradually formed and become an important part of the treasure house of TCM. The theory of five movements and six qi in traditional Chinese medicine is an important part of the academic system of traditional Chinese medicine, which contains academic connotations of astronomy, calendar, meteorology, phenology, medicine and other disciplines. It is the highest embodiment of the idea of harmony between man and nature, and has extraordinary guiding significance for disease prediction and clinical treatment. In recent years, in the study of infectious diseases such as SARS, it is found that the outbreak year of infectious diseases can be predicted according to the theory of "Five Movements and Six Qi" in Huangdi Neijing, which was written at the latest in Qin and Han Dynasties, and compared with the climate situation in China in 2000. This discovery has attracted the attention of academic circles and relevant departments, and set off a new wave of theoretical research on "five movements and six qi".

Climate is closely related to human health, and Chinese medicine emphasizes the importance of climate in disease prevention and health care. "On Su Wen and Zheng Wuchang" pointed out: "You must be old first, and you can't cut the sky." "On Li Suwen and Xie Zhen" also said: "Because I don't know the combination of the four seasons and five elements, if I win by addition, I will eliminate evil and be right, but not live long." It is emphasized that the prevention and treatment of diseases must master the law of seasonal change and the characteristics of climate change. According to the theory of "man is related to heaven and earth", predecessors summed up the theory of "five movements and six qi" to explain the influence of celestial movement on climate change and the influence of climate change on biology and human beings. The ancients divided a year into four seasons, with three months in each season and two solar terms in each month, and each solar term was divided into three periods, forming twenty-four solar terms and seventy-two periods. Season, temperature, precipitation and phenology are closely related in a year, and the beginning of four seasons can be expressed by twenty-four solar terms. The vernal equinox, autumnal equinox, summer solstice and winter solstice are the turning points of seasonal changes; The five solar terms of slight summer heat, great summer heat, intense summer heat, slight cold and severe cold explain the degree of cold and heat of climate change; White dew, cold dew and first frost indicate water vapor condensation in the lower atmosphere after the temperature drops; Rain, Grain Rain, light snow and heavy snow indicate precipitation; However, Jing Zhe, Qingming, Xiaoman and Mang reflect the phenological characteristics, which shows that all living things in nature are closely related to seasonal changes.

In addition, the ancients also divided the twenty-four solar terms into six steps according to the operation of the four seasons and climate change: the first step is severe cold, beginning of spring, rain and fright; Belonging to the initial qi, it is Jueyin Feng Mu (arranged according to the five elements of wood, fire, earth and gold water). Here, each step contains four solar terms, and the rest are analogized, belonging to two gases, three gases, four gases and five gases respectively; Light snow, heavy snow, winter solstice and slight cold are the sixth step, which belongs to the last gas and is the cold water of the sun; Thus, the changing relationship between "six qi" and 24 solar terms was established. Normal climate change includes six elements, namely wind, cold, heat, humidity, dryness and fire, which are called "six qi", and they regulate the law of seasonal growth and aggregation. Abnormal climate change, called "six yin" in traditional Chinese medicine, will affect a series of pathological changes of human viscera. For example, "Su Wenjin Kui Yan Zhen" said: "Dongfeng was born in spring and sick in the liver; The south wind was born in summer and sick in the heart; The west wind is born in autumn and the disease is in the lungs; The north wind is born in winter and the disease is in the kidney. " According to the theory of "five movements and six qi", the changes of five movements and six qi in nature correspond to the internal and external qi of human viscera, and the climate change in nature will inevitably affect the qi of human viscera and make it fluctuate, thus causing too many pathological changes. Just as Su Wen's Theory of Qi-Qi Alternation said: "Five Blessingg should be a natural person to turn over a new leaf. Yin and Yang should be born together, welcome the new year in cold and summer, and the truth and falsehood should be thin, the inside and outside should be separated, the six meridians should fluctuate, and the five qi should be phase shifted. If it is too inferior, the combination will win ...". This tells us from astronomy and meteorology the significance of studying human life activities and carrying out health care.

Because human beings live in nature and cannot do without climate. Climate environment includes many meteorological factors, and the main factors affecting human body are temperature, air pressure, humidity, wind speed, sunshine, atmospheric electromagnetic field and so on. These meteorological factors can affect the metabolism and endocrine function of human body in different degrees through hypothalamus, so the climate environment plays a great role in the occurrence and development of human health and diseases. A good climate can promote people's health and longevity, while a bad climate will affect people's longevity.

A deep understanding of the relationship between seasonal climate change and health can make good use of the weather, take measures, adjust behavior, actively adapt to climate change, and achieve the purpose of health preservation and disease prevention.