Whose genes determine the birth of boys and girls?

Having boys and girls is mainly determined by male genes. Sex chromosomes are directly related to sex determination. At the genetic level, SRY gene is generally considered as a sex-determining gene, that is, with SRY gene, it will develop into a boy, and without SRY gene, it will develop into a girl.

SRY gene, a male sex-determining gene, refers to a gene fragment on the Y chromosome that specifically determines the sex of biological males. The human SRY gene is located in Yp 1 1.3, which contains only one exon and no intron. The transcription unit is about 1. 1kb, which encodes a protein with 204 amino acids.

Extended data

Because SRY protein contains a typical DNA binding domain: HMG box motif, which is similar to known transcription factors, it is speculated that SRY encodes a transcription factor. The HMG domain of SRY binds to DNA in a sequence-specific way, which introduces a sharp turning point in the double helix structure.

There is evidence that the mutation of HMG domain in patients with sexual inversion can be divided into two types: mutation affecting DNA binding and mutation affecting DNA bending, which indicates that these two characteristics are very important for SRY protein to perform its transcriptional regulation function. It has been found that HMG domain can bind to calmodulin (CaM) with high affinity in vitro.

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