Enshi sandy land culture

Attracted by the mellow history and culture of Shashi Township, Enshi City. Shadi Township is surrounded by water (Baxi River, Qingjiang River and Mashui River) in the east, south and west, and is bordered by 3 18 National Highway and Shanghai-Chongqing Expressway in the north. The Qingjiang pedestrian road runs through the whole territory, which is a cornucopia of history and culture. An ancient road, two people, three ancient ruins, four mountains and five rivers constitute a beautiful and outstanding cultural sandy land. In ancient times, Ba people went up the Qingjiang River and opened a pedestrian avenue along the Qingjiang River. Sand became the main road from Shizhou to Jingzhou.

Another Bayan ancient road passes through the sand, from Hefeng Zhongying, through the stone kiln and red soil, through Xinduba, through the flower quilt, sand, Huangguangtian, Nanlidu, Populus alba and Taiyang River, and enters Yunyang. According to the records in the tomb of Zhu Zhenbang (1723— 1792) in Shizishan, Huang Guangtian, my ancestors used imperial academy as a salt merchant and traveled to and from Chengdu. In the middle, I built my own city Enshi, working hard and starting a business ... I traveled thousands of miles to and from Chengdu through Jianyi, during which the rocks fell, the waves were rough, and the boat went up and down, and life and nature fought for power and profit.

There are also six pedestrian avenues between Enshi, Xuanen, Hefeng and Jianshi County, passing through Damayi, Huangcaopo, Renshanling, Mudu Beach, Hefengkou, Maitushang, Laodukou, Luodu, Chehe, Huangjiaya and Yutankou in the sandy land.

On the ancient road, stone roads, a large number of road monuments, word of mouth, shops, shops and other place names are completely preserved. Xietang Xiang (1865— 1904) is a native of Longjiao Village, Shaxiang. In the 15th year of Guangxu (1889), Catholic missionaries opened a Catholic church in Sha. In the 30th year of Guangxu (1904), on July 17, 2007, the French missionary bishop, accompanied by Xian, Father Dong Mingde and his parishioner Jia Cheng, inspected this sandy land. When passing through the flower quilt, the farmers stood by the roadside out of curiosity to see the appearance of foreign bishops. Jia, a parishioner, clarified that he had desecrated the bishop and even slapped him several times, and threatened to send him to the county government for legal action. After Jia clarified his apology for the new currency, he still made things difficult, and the onlookers were very angry. Under the leadership of Li, there was a dispute with Sheng, pushing and wrestling with each other, killing seven people, including French Bishop Sheng, Father Xian, Dong Mingde and his parishioner Jia Clarification, and burning down church cultural relics and Li's house.

After the incident, 65,438+00 people, including Xietang Xiang, were arrested by the Qing government and killed successively in Enshi and Yichang. The people in western Hubei admired Xietang Xiang's heroic spirit against imperialism and compiled the Song of Xie Tang: "The first month is happy, Xie Tang practices guns, and the Qing soldiers see it as a sieve"; "It was foggy in June, and the bishop and priest went to kill the field. Alas, I saw the king of hell."

On September 30th, China and France signed the terms of the Heather Religious Plan Agreement, and the Qing government "compensated for the loss" with 1.45 million silver, and built two more churches within one year. Sha Catholic Church and Xietang Xiang Tomb, located in Shaji Town and Longjiao Village respectively, were declared as cultural relics protection units by the provincial government in 2008.

In the name of teaming up to learn drama, people in Liu Zun Wushadi Land Hall accepted Han brothers and poor people from all over the country, set up public altars, and put forward the slogan of "Opening the South City, Sharing the World with Brothers", making swords, guns, gunpowder and developing secret armed forces. 19 17 winter, Liu Zun v led thousands of people to attack Enshi city. In Guanpo, he aimed an earthen cannon at the East Gate Tower, blew up a corner of the gate, and the city wall collapsed several times. He waded across the Qingjiang River and landed at the Tinker Dam outside the north gate, trying to open the gap. The flag bearer was killed and Liu fled everywhere. Liu Zun V fled to Sancha to get rid of it. Since then, Liu Zun has been evacuated to Hefeng, Sangzhi and Fengjie for the fifth time. /kloc-at the beginning of 0/920, Liu Zun V returned to his hometown and took the Shout Cave under Huazui Rock in Xintangshan as a stronghold, waiting for revenge. At the beginning of June, he was captured by the corner of the Second Jing Division, arrived in Enshi, and was killed on the floodplain outside the East Gate. Sandy land is one of the five markets formed in Enshi in Ming Dynasty. According to legend, Meng first came here, built thatched houses in the northeast of Jinji Town, and reclaimed land. During the Hongwu period of the Ming Dynasty, Huang came to the sand and built houses in the center of this market town, which gradually formed. 1990 Enshi Supply and Marketing Business Daily records: "The sandy land was developed by Meng in the 13th year of Ming Hongwu (1380) and built by Huang", and "there are more than 30 households, with the address of 2, 4, 6, 8 and 10". Until the 1940s, a neat and straight street was formed, with more than 20 shops and small department stores dealing in salt, homespun, tobacco and alcohol. Businessmen from Sichuan, Hunan and Jingzhou often come here to do business. 1952, a fire destroyed the market. 1954, a traditional shop with hanging eaves in wood structure was rebuilt.

Wheat land is one of the five rural fairs formed in Enshi in Ming Dynasty. At the end of the Ming Dynasty, Huang came here and planted a piece of wheat on the flat land in the southwest of today's market town, which was named Maitu, and was also called Swan according to the terrain on Maitu. A trading post was set up at Shanya, which is 1/0/.5 km southwest of Jinji Town. Later, a small street gradually formed in the wheat field. People moved the trading post to the street and called the original trading post the old field. Today, this website still exists.

The flower quilt is a village square 300 meters northwest of Shadi Town, and it is a trading point of raw materials. Now some old houses and slate yards have been preserved. In the Republic of China 15, Tan Shuyong, head of the flower quilt group, proposed that ten households, such as Hengfeng, Xiangjingcheng and Zhu, should buy land in this flower quilt, unify the design and standards, and build houses in separate households, forming a straight street with a length of 100 meter, a width of 5 meters and a horizontal street with a length of 50 meters. It has a valley shop, a pig market, a warehouse and a restaurant. The shop mainly deals in local handicrafts, such as iron, bronze, pottery, wood, bamboo and gold and silver jewelry. Businessmen, Lifu and the mule-horse team often come and go. There is an ancient bridge on Huabei Street.

Most of the main buildings in North China Street have retained their original appearance, all of which are wooden columns, purlins, rafters and cloth tiles. The bay is 4m, the depth is 7.5m, the fan has nine columns (five columns and four riding) and eleven purlins, the roof is 6.3m, and the cornices on both sides are separated by1.2m.. Several terraced cornices are still there, and there are shops. There are many new buildings in Hengjie, and the width and width of the street remain unchanged. Baiyanzhai is located on the north bank of Qingjiang River, 2.5 kilometers southwest of Shaji Town. It is a limestone wall, with a length of 320 meters, a height of 200 meters and an altitude of 1.590 meters. It is the commanding height of the sand, and its geographical position is very important. 1983 "The Place Names of Enshi County" records: "During the Hongwu period of the Ming Dynasty, the An Baili Uprising Army went west into Sichuan and passed by. Seeing that this rock wall was steep and stuck to its advantages, it naturally formed a trend of' one person guarded it, and ten thousand people could not force it', that is, camped under the cliff and dug a trench about 3 meters wide and 750 meters long from the lower part of the rock wall. Because the rock wall is white, people call it Baiyanzhai. " During the Jiaqing period of Qing Dynasty, Wu, a native of Lianghekou, Jiangxia, fled to the sand for failing to take part in the Qinjiayao uprising, recruited soldiers and gathered 40 parishioners to fight against the official army for several months, and was blocked by the official army with stones, and all of them were burned to death. Now the remains in the cave still exist.

Yufeng Mountain is located 4 kilometers east of Shaji Town and 800 meters above sea level. It consists of three independent peaks. Jade Emperor Temple was originally built on the highest peak, and Yufeng Academy was originally built in the temple. There are stone steps hovering on the mountainside, and each of the three peaks has a pavilion named Jinding.

Renshanling, also known as Renshan, is located at the foot of Laoxiongpo, 5 kilometers south of Shadi Town, with an altitude of 800 meters. The peak is flush with the slope, the slope is far away from sight, and the peak is towering like a human figure, hence the name. There is a stream behind the mountain, facing the Qingjiang River in front, surrounded by the second water phase, which is difficult to attack. Qing Jiaqing's "Enshi County Records and Historical Relics" records: "The mountain is under the old bear slope in Chongningli, and it can be obtained on the slope. The peak is flush with the slope, as far as ten miles and twenty miles, and it has disappeared. The peak is particularly humanoid, and the rebels are facing the tomb of Nengzu, which is very close to the cave in Rongjiao Village. There are stone-like women in the village, and women in Liao Jia are also talented and can be married. During the Chenghua period, he rose up and rebelled against Liao Er's family, plundered various counties in Wu Jian, and repeatedly refused to take the risk of glory. In the fifth year of Zheng De's reign, he commanded Tong Chang to break it, captured dozens of people, and caressed the rest of the Party. Knowing that man's rock is worthy of worship, he moved to the tomb of Lao Xiongpo, dug a hole and made a cave, and then dug the back hill. Thunder revived the earthquake, especially the feeling between man and nature. "

Longjiao Mountain, which borders the Qingjiang River in the south, consists of more than a dozen independent towering limestone pillars and white rock walls that fluctuate from east to west. The elevation of the main peak is1412m. More than 600 years ago, the ancestors of Huang discovered that this place was like a corner of a city wall. Seen from the east and west, the stone pillars stand upright on the mountain like dragon horns. According to legend, the two rock walls in the northeast and southwest are the incarnations of two green dragons when they meet. The mountain where the two walls meet is where the dragon head appears. People praised this place as an auspicious place, so they named it Longjiao Mountain. Shanxi has a large perianth in the north and a small perianth in the southeast, collectively known as Longjiao perianth. At the foot of the mountain are the former sites of Dazhai Fort and Xiaozhai Fort, which were once besieged by rebels in An Baili.

Longjiao Mountain and Rongjiao Mountain face each other across the Qingjiang River, with picturesque scenery on both sides. During Chenghua period of Ming Dynasty, Rongjiao village rebelled against Shi and Liao, and the imperial court sent troops to suppress it. During Zheng De's reign in Ming Dynasty, villagers in Rongjiao rebelled and ordered Tong Chang to make peace. Guangxi rebelled and commanded Tong Chang to lead troops in Rongjiao for meritorious service. In the 10th year of the Ming Dynasty (1656), in the first month of the lunar calendar, the pseudo-King Qi Jinggong fled into Rongjiao Village. 1659, he burned the acropolis and drove the local people into the glorious suburbs. Hu Taishou and Chuan Taishou appealed twice, but he didn't listen and killed the messenger. 1664, dare not surrender. /kloc-in the first month of 0/665, the king drove him out of the mountain and went to Jingzhou to beg for surrender. The Qingjiang River, formerly known as Yishui, flows through Enshi from west to east, enters the sandy land from Sancha Fenshui River, passes through Liuchi Village, Huabei Village, Nanmu Village and Luodu Village, and starts from Nanshiling, with a total length of 25 kilometers. In 2008, the Shuibuya reservoir area stored water to 390 meters, and the domestic waters were Gaoxia Pinghu, with rippling blue waves.

Mashui River originates from Tiechangping, Jianshi, and flows from south Lidu to Yutankou in the township from north to south. It passes through Huangguangtian Village and Qiumu Village and flows into Qingjiang River at the foot of Guishan Mountain, with a total length of12.5km.. In 2009, after the Laodukou Power Station stored water for 485 meters, overlooking the river, Tianshui was all the same.

Baxi River originates in Maotianping, Cuiba, enters the sandy land from west to east through Matian, passes through the hillside of Hefengkou Tea Garden, joins Tuanbei River in Jianshi County at Sanxikou, then turns southeast through the capital in Daolong and sandy land, and finally flows into Qingjiang River at the root of Fengziling. The river flows through Sanxikou, where there is a rock that looks like a human chin, hence the name.

Qiaotou River originates from Xiangjiawan, Nanmuyuan Village, Sandy Township, and flows into Qingjiang River through Leech Creek and Daonongba. During the Anti-Japanese War, Li Kaiwen and Li Shengyuan, sons of Hunan, opened canals in Qingcaotang, took water from Qiaotou River, and used water to make paper, extract oil and process grain, which was the first in China.

Shualongba River originates from Zuosangou, Maitushang Village, and enters Cuiba through Huangjiwu Farm and Shualongba. Playing dragon dam is surrounded by mountains, and the mountain shape is beautiful, like a dragon playing with lanterns. The river is clear, Tujia Diaojiao Building is built along the river, and the cornices are upturned and graceful.

There are five ferries on Qingjiang River in sandy land, namely Damayi, Xinduba, Mudutang, Zhonghe and Guishanhe River, and two ferries on Mashui River, namely Yutankou and Laodukou.

Sandy land belongs to limestone area, the secondary mineral is black gravel, and the soil contains more rock and sand debris, so it is named sandy land. There are many records about landscapes, temples, historical sites, figures and military affairs in Historical Records, which are rare in Enshi.