Zhang Zhongjing will become a famous doctor _ Who will Zhang Zhongjing become a famous doctor?

What are the allusions of medical sage Zhang Zhongjing?

Hua tuo is proficient in medical skills, and what he is best at is surgery. Zhang Zhongjing, a contemporary of Hua Tuo, is famous for being good at internal medicine, especially typhoid fever.

Appreciation of ancient pastoral landscape painting Zhang Zhongjing is famous. Zhongjing is his word. He is from Nieyang County, Nanyang County (now northeast of Deng County, Henan Province). He has been eager to learn and read widely since childhood, and has long been famous for his profound knowledge. At that time, the literati were busy chasing power and didn't care about the sufferings of the people. He is not satisfied. At that time, superstition prevailed, people were sick and didn't seek medical treatment, and they blindly believed in wizards. He was not satisfied. He made up his mind to study medicine very early and made contributions to relieving people's suffering. To this end, he worshipped Zhang Bozu, a famous doctor in Tongxian County, as a teacher and learned all the skills of a teacher in treating people in the countryside. During the reign of Emperor Ling of Han Dynasty, Zhang Zhongjing was elected as an official and remained the magistrate of Changsha. He is an honest official and is very popular with the people.

During the Jian 'an period of Emperor Xian of Han Dynasty (A.D. 196-2 19), due to frequent wars, the plague was very popular and many people died. Zhang Zhongjing's family has more than 200 people. In less than ten years, three-thirds of two dead died of typhoid fever, and seven out of ten died of typhoid fever. At that time, typhoid fever was an acute infectious disease, including cholera, dysentery, pneumonia and influenza. At the end of the Eastern Han Dynasty, most doctors could do nothing about this epidemic, and there was no symptomatic treatment, so hundreds of people were killed by this disease.

In order to save people's suffering, Zhang Zhongjing was also stimulated by family destruction. He made up his mind to explore a cure for typhoid fever. Combined with my own treatment experience, I made a detailed record of various symptoms of typhoid fever. I also asked the patients and their families carefully to understand the cause of typhoid fever and the changes after taking the medicine. After long-term efforts, Zhang Zhongjing finally summed up a set of theories and methods about the pathology, diagnosis, treatment and medication of typhoid fever. He believes that typhoid fever has a gradual development process from the initial stage to the critical stage, and different patients should be treated differently at different stages. Some patients need to make him sweat, while others can't. Some patients should let him have diarrhea, and some patients should never have diarrhea; Some patients can use moxa fire moxibustion, and some patients must not. Zhang Zhongjing said: "If a patient who should not sweat takes antiperspirants, it will exhaust the patient's body fluid and ruin his life;" The patient who should sweat will not let him take medicine to sweat out, which will cause the patient's pores to clog and suffocate. Patients who shouldn't have diarrhea eat diarrhea medicine, which will make them die of diarrhea. Patients who should have diarrhea refuse to accept cathartics, which will make them full of irritability and edema and die. If there is no proper moxibustion, it will make the patient enter the abdomen, aggravate the condition and die. Moxibustion patients without moxibustion will make them cold and solidify, and they will die if they don't disperse. "In short, to treat people, we must find out the cause of the patient, to what extent the disease has developed, and what medicine we have taken. Only by understanding these situations clearly can we prescribe the right medicine and get rid of the disease.

In order to find out the situation of all patients, Zhang Zhongjing opposed the routine and hasty practices of doctors at that time. Some doctors just ask patients what's wrong. When they feel the pulse, they don't cut their fingers lightly. They carefully identify the difference between the patient's pulse and that of normal people, and then hastily spread out the paper to prescribe medicine. Zhang Zhongjing said that these doctors are so irresponsible to patients, how can they cure the disease? Zhang Zhongjing's good use of the four diagnostic methods of looking, smelling, asking and cutting was invented as early as the Spring and Autumn Period and the Warring States Period. Hope is to observe the patient's face, smell the voice of the patient talking and breathing, and ask the patient about his self-feeling, diet, defecation and so on. Press the pulse of the patient's hand from light to heavy, and press the pulse of his foot if necessary. Zhang Zhongjing believes that only by making good use of the four diagnostic methods and comprehensively analyzing the various situations obtained through the four diagnostic methods can we draw a reliable conclusion on the degree of the disease, so as to formulate a correct treatment plan and prescribe the right medicine. It is definitely not correct to make a treatment plan in a hurry just by grasping the one-sided impression obtained by a certain diagnostic method, and the prescription will never be symptomatic. Taking this medicine will certainly not relieve the pain of the patient.

Through long-term clinical practice and careful research, Zhang Zhongjing has been able to distinguish whether the patient's symptoms are yin or yang according to the four diagnoses. The disease is on the surface, or has gone deep into the viscera; Insufficient or surplus; It's cold or hot. Yin and yang, exterior and interior, deficiency and excess, cold and heat are called eight categories of TCM diagnosis. The theoretical principle of syndrome differentiation and treatment based on four diagnoses and eight outlines is the core idea of traditional Chinese medicine. Zhang Zhongjing has made great contributions to the establishment of this theoretical principle.

In addition to typhoid fever, Zhang Zhongjing also made great efforts to explore the treatment of other intractable diseases. Miscellaneous diseases cover a wide range, mainly internal diseases, including gynecological, pediatric and surgical diseases. Every disease that Zhang Zhongjing encountered was not easily let go. He made great efforts to study the etiology and pathology, and often followed up the cured patients and asked them how they felt after illness and whether there was any recurrence. Zhang Zhongjing does not always treat patients with internal medicine, but often uses acupuncture, warm ironing, rubbing medicine, soaking feet, blowing ears, spraying nose and so on. He believes that for some diseases, these treatments may be more effective than internal medicine.

Zhang Zhongjing advocates timely treatment of diseases and early prevention of diseases. He said that the way to prevent diseases is to eat moderately and rest properly. If we can do these two things, we can basically keep healthy and suffer from fewer diseases.

Zhang Zhongjing summarized clinical experience and recorded effective prescriptions while practicing medicine. On the basis of years of medical experience, he wrote Treatise on Febrile Diseases, and contributed his experience to his peers without reservation. Later, Wang Shuhe, a famous doctor in Jin Dynasty, carefully studied Zhang Zhongjing's Treatise on Febrile Diseases and Treatise on Miscellaneous Diseases, and adapted this important medical work into Treatise on Febrile Diseases and Synopsis of the Golden Chamber respectively. Treatise on Febrile Diseases specifically analyzes the pathology of fever, puts forward the treatment methods and contains effective prescriptions. Synopsis of the Golden Chamber is a collection of medical prescriptions for various miscellaneous diseases, which contains a large number of prescriptions. These two medical books are classic works of traditional Chinese medicine, and Zhang Zhongjing was honored as a "medical sage" by later generations for his outstanding contributions.