How did Huaihong Opera come into being?

Huaihong Opera is the only local opera in Suqian, Jiangsu Province. Formerly known as "Yin Qing", commonly known as "dry boat tune", also known as "Hundred Songs". It is named Huaihong because its main theme is Huai 'an Manjiang Red.

Singing, mandarin duck sentences, piercing the heart, swearing, Fengyang songs, Wei tunes, singing short stories or lyrics, and praising merits and congratulations in the form of song and dance on a dry boat.

During the Ming and Qing Dynasties, Suqian was flooded by the Yellow River and the people were poor. Many folk artists make a living by rap. Most of them went with the boat, landed along the river and lake, and made a scene at will. At that time, artists were very mobile and absorbed popular folk tunes all over the country, and the tunes tended to be rich.

From 1736 to 1795, floods were effectively controlled, many artists were relatively stable, and Huaihong Opera developed rapidly. By the end of the Qing Dynasty, it was formed in Suqian area and spread in Suqian, Huai 'an, Shuyang, Siyang, Sihong, Huaiyin, Lianshui and Guannan.

Huaihong Opera was originally sung in two ways. One is to sit and sing, and sing together with Qupai to express the content of folk stories. At festivals and temple fairs, the other is to sing short stories or praise achievements and congratulate Qing Ji in the form of singing and dancing on a dry boat.

In the traditional performance form of Huaihong Opera, songs are mostly sung by female artists, accompanied by blind people, and musical instruments include erhu, pipa, dulcimer and Qin Yue.

At the beginning of the 20th century, Huaihong Opera had a new development in singing, forming two schools, East and West. The Eastern School is represented by Liang Bangjie in Sucheng, and its singing is mainly soft, euphemistic and lingering, with endless charm. The Western School, represented by Luo in Shuangzhuang Township, Suqian County, sings just right, loud but not noisy, and is rich and simple.

As far as performance is concerned, Huaihong Opera has gradually developed into the main form of China traditional opera. During the intermission of dry boat performance, it goes on stage once in its life, and will perform interesting small programs such as watching lights, fortune telling and knocking on the ancient philosophers.

1928, a troupe composed of Liang Bangjie, Zang Yutang, Cheng Buying, Yang Ruizhi, Qian Yongxiang, Chai Changqing, Su Yiling and Gong Fengling performed plays such as Water Mountain, Fortune Telling, Pan Jinlian Picking Wheat and Chen Miaochang Chasing the Boat on the stage, which were well received. This is the first time that Huaihong Opera has entered the stage of China traditional opera.

After the founding of New China, Huaihong Opera gained a new life. Jiangsu Provincial Bureau of Culture sent personnel to Suqian twice to carry out excavation and arrangement in conjunction with the Cultural Center. According to the instructions of the Provincial Bureau of Culture to excavate and sort out the dry boat tune, the County Bureau of Culture and Education organized Hou Zhujiu and others in the cultural center to excavate and sort out nearly 100 Huaihong Qupai, such as octagonal drum and Fengyang song, and published dozens of books.

1954 At the end of the year, Qunying amateur Huaihong Troupe was established in Beiguan Town, Sucheng, with Xia as the head and Cheng Buying as the director. The main actors are Chai Changqing, Su Yiling, Gong Fengling, Deng Shiying, Qian Yongxiang, Xia,. In the early days of the League, all performances were performed in idle houses or courtyards, and the programs were mainly oratorios, which were very popular among Huaihong opera lovers. Every night, the audience gather together, sometimes nearly a thousand people.

During the period of 1958, Zhong Zhang Qiao, Secretary General of the Provincial Music Association, came to stay and investigate Huaihong Opera music, and interviewed Yang Ruizhi, an old artist of Huaihong Opera in Baozi Town, together with the cultural center, and recorded his music for more than a month. Yang Ruizhi's Fengyang Song was recorded by Su Li in Jiangsu folk music integration.

In the autumn of the same year, Sucheng Town absorbed Huai Opera lovers such as Zhuo Yaokun, Masu, Guo Yurong and Zhou Shixian on the basis of the Red Opera Troupe, and expanded and established the commune amateur Huai Opera Troupe, with Wei Liu as the head and more than 20 cast members.

Mainly from small to large, he wrote and performed modern dramas such as Drilling under the Moon, Sending Mud into the Pond, Picking Lotus Boat, Fighting for Fat, Walking the Yangguan Road Together, and traditional dramas such as Chasing the Boat and Double Down the Mountain.

The performance absorbed the artistic form of Peking Opera, and the singing was in Suqian dialect, which was easy to understand, lively and full of local color, which was refreshing. At the same time, Huaihong Opera Amateur Troupe was established in Shuangzhuang, Gengche Township and Orchard Farm.

1960 65438+ 10, Wang Ba Township Amateur Huaihong Troupe participated in the whole province's opera viewing and performance conference, and performed the modern drama "Send Mud into the Pond", which was well received. Suqian established a professional Huaihong Opera Troupe. In the same year, the amateur Huaihong Opera Troupe in Wang Ba Township was transformed into an experimental professional Huaihong Opera Troupe, and Taiping Map was published for the first time.

After the reform and opening up, Li, Liang Sheng 'an, Yang Bangyan and others spent another year excavating and sorting out the music of Huaihong Opera, discussing the singing and accompaniment characteristics of Huaihong Opera, and practicing in such plays as "Inserting Road Signs", "Sending Gifts" and "Sending Cloth to Erhan", which made the original qupai have new development and received good results. The county Peking Opera Troupe used the tune of Huaihong Opera to transplant it into the case-solving of ancient painting and drama families, and made a bold attempt.

The main accompaniment instrument of Huaihong Opera is Gao Hu. Other accompaniment instruments are erhu, Hu Zhong, dulcimer, pipa and Sanxian. Cello is mostly used for bass, and bamboo flute, suona and sheng are commonly used as wind instruments. Gao Hu's performance in using condom technology. Other musical instruments are accompanied by a cavity, that is, with a cavity, and sometimes with an inverted bow.

When Huaihong Opera band accompanies, it usually adopts the method of singing complexity with simplicity and singing simplicity with complexity, so that the accompaniment and aria music naturally form the effect of folk polyphony. The percussion music of Huaihong Opera generally adopts the gongs and drums of Beijing Opera.

However, in percussion, the use of small discs for accompaniment has a unique style. The pitch of the album is the same as or similar to that of the main melody in the play. The rhythm of knocking on vegetables is rich and varied.

The aria of Huaihong Opera belongs to the structural form of Qupai style. It is basically a kind of Qupai with Manjianghong as the main body, which adopts the method of chord cavity, and a small part is board cavity. Connect several different folk songs organically to form a vocal suite and sing a relatively complete story.

An important combination form of Qupai in Qing Qu is the five-petal plum blossom divertimento, which must start with Manjianghong and end with overlapping and falling boards. This way of making up plays has become the basic law of Huaihong's plays.

The main tunes of Huaihong Opera are Fengyang Song, Yuanyang Sentence, Chuanxinzi, Shanghe Tune, Xiaohe Tune, Scissors Flower, Xiao Lang Tune, Zhuluo Tune, Luojiang Tune, Yinniuqing Tune, Guandong Tune, Bajiaogu Tune, Yangliuqing Tune, Huaqiang Tune, Baduanjin Tune, Daoqing Tune, Lianhualuo Tune, Ten glasses of wine, dressing table, and tonic jar.

Huaihong Opera is widely spread in the urban and rural areas of Suqian and its surrounding areas, such as Suining, Xinyi, Shuyang, Siyang, Sihong, Huaiyin, Lianshui and Guannan, and is deeply loved by the people. In the 1960s, Huaihong Opera in Suqian, Danyang Dan Opera and Haimen Mountain Opera were called "Three Flowers" in Su Ju.

Huaihong opera