What are the fortune tellers of the Ming Dynasty?

Why was Song Lian, the civil servant leader of Ming Dynasty, forced to death? Offended Zhu Yuanzhang's exile in Maozhou in his later years.

Song Lian was the first official of the founding of the Ming Dynasty and one of the great poets in the third day of the Ming Dynasty. Zhu Yuanzhang once asked Song Lian to be the teacher of Prince Zhu Biao, but in his later years he was banished to Maozhou and died on the way. At that time, Song Lian was 70 years old, and he couldn't bear such a long journey. Zhu Yuanzhang obviously didn't want him alive. As a civil servant, Song Lian would not pose a threat to Zhu Yuanzhang's position at all. Why did Zhu Yuanzhang force Song Lian to death? Moreover, Song Lian submitted his resignation in advance and decided to retire. Zhu Yuanzhang's move also caused a lot of controversy, which made later generations feel sorry for Song Lian.

What kind of person is Song Lian who wrote the preface to seeing Ma Sheng off to Yang?

Most of the ancient Chinese textbooks used in junior high schools require reciting Tang and Song poems, and there are few articles in Ming and Qing Dynasties. I remember Song Lian's Preface to seeing Ma Sheng off to Yang is an article and a narrative. There is no flowery rhetoric like the prose preface to Wang Teng-ting and Yueyang Tower, but the content is very inspirational.

In this article, Song Lian tells about his hardships in studying. "The family is poor and there is no way to read." In order to study, he borrowed books from others and copied them quickly. Even if your hands are too cold to open in winter, you should copy them down in time and give them to others.

In order to consult the sages, I need to go hundreds of miles away to consult, and I dare not be impatient in the face of the criticism and education of the sages. It can be seen that it was difficult to study. In the school house at that time, the conditions were particularly difficult. Other students are extravagant when they eat and wear rags.

Why I like this article very much is because I can understand his mentality at that time. That's how I came here when I was a kid. As a rural child, I went to the city to study, and the bitterness must be felt by many people.

I think young people should read more articles like this in today's society. If they don't work hard, don't always complain that they lost at the starting line. As long as you work hard, you still have a chance. If they give up their efforts because of some injustice, this is the root of human depravity.

Through unremitting efforts, Song Lian finally achieved something. In this article, Song Lian is modest and only says that he is among the gentlemen. In fact, Song Lian is highly appraised by history, and he is called "the great poet in the third day of Ming Dynasty" with Liu Ji and Gao Qi, and Zhu Yuanzhang once praised him as the "head of the founding civil servants" in the Ming Dynasty.

This paper does not focus on Song Lian's achievements in literature and politics, but discusses why such a great scholar, who once served as the teacher of Prince Zhu Biao, was forced to death by Zhu Yuanzhang in his later years.

Why did Zhu Yuanzhang let Song Lian teach Prince Zhu Biao?

Song Lian and Zhu Yuanzhang should belong to the same era. Judging from Song Lian's account of his experiences in Dongyang Ma Xusheng when he was young, Song Lian had at least paper and pens at home, and he could borrow books and copy them. Although the conditions are difficult, he is definitely not a poor boy.

It is Zhu Yuanzhang who is really the child of the poor family. In recent years, Zhu Yuanzhang's eight generations of ancestors were dug up in the Ming Dynasty fire, so I won't mention it. In short, Zhu Yuanzhang's family is a very poor, very poor, peasant-born, who became a monk for a living and finally went to alms. It can be said that Zhu Yuanzhang's early experience was very difficult.

However, Zhu Yuanzhang is not a man who gives up on himself. He knows more about the importance of knowledge. Many people criticized Zhu Yuanzhang for being uneducated. In fact, he has never seen Zhu Yuanzhang's works. Judging from Zhu Yuanzhang's speech, he is still a very literate person, and his writing level may not be lower than that of Emperor Qianlong who wrote 40,000 songs.

Because of Zhu Yuanzhang's tortuous experience, he has higher requirements for knowledge. Later, when he became emperor, he paid more attention to the cultivation of the prince.

In the royal education system of past dynasties, it should be said that the royal education in Han and Tang dynasties was the most failed. Because of this, many fatuous emperors in the Han and Tang Dynasties often usurped the throne and seized power. The Ming and Qing dynasties were the most successful. Although the Ming emperor produced many wonderful works, it was the result of strict implementation of the eldest son inheritance system. As far as education is concerned, it is quite successful.

Song Lian was a famous scholar in the early Ming Dynasty. Zhu Yuanzhang once asked him what kind of books he should read as an emperor. Song Lian recommended Zhu Yuanzhang to read University Yan Yi, so Zhu Yuanzhang began to read. It can be said that Zhu Yuanzhang still attached great importance to Song Lian.

The most important thing in ancient China was to compile history. Don't think that our contemporary historians, like me, think that compiling history is a dispensable thing just because they earn a little money online. In ancient times, all descendants made history for the former dynasty in order to prove the legitimacy of the present dynasty. This is the biggest event in history. If we don't understand this whole thing, it will threaten the foundation of rule. In the first year of Hongwu, when Zhu Yuanzhang wrote to repair the history of Yuan Dynasty, Song Lian was the chief executive.

Subsequently, Song Lian was appointed as a Bachelor of imperial academy. Because of this, Song Lian later became one of the teachers of Prince Zhu Biao.

Song Lian is the teacher of the Prince. Why did Zhu Yuanzhang put him to death?

For the education of Prince Zhu Biao, besides Song Lian as a mentor, Zhu Yuanzhang often came to the stage personally to talk about the difficulties of starting his own business, and Zhu Biao knew how to cherish the throne.

Zhu Yuanzhang's bumpy career in his early years made him aware of the sinister nature of people's hearts, while Prince Zhu Biao was a kind-hearted man, as if from a famous Confucian in Song Lian, which made Zhu Yuanzhang very upset.

Zhu Yuanzhang's sons, except Zhu Biao, all made mistakes, while Zhu Biao interceded for his younger brothers, adhering to the concept of "eldest brother is father" so that they would not be punished. Zhu Yuanzhang had high expectations of Zhu Biao, and Zhu Biao was really gentle when he grew up, which was quite different from Zhu Yuanzhang's way of doing things.

In fact, Zhu Yuanzhang's worry is unreasonable. Zhu Yuanzhang came from a humble background, and all the people who followed him to farmland were straw bags. These bastards met Zhu Yuanzhang's leadership, and they were the founding heroes. If you meet the leaders of Li Zicheng, they can't even keep their names.

After the establishment of the Daming regime, these people were in high positions, and it was inevitable that they were arrogant and even coveted the supreme imperial power. Hu case and aquamarine case broke out one after another, and the number of people involved was as high as tens of thousands, which cannot but explain the problem.

Many people slaughtered these heroes because Zhu Yuanzhang was suspicious. In fact, I think this conclusion tends to reverse cause and effect. It should be said that these heroes have a tendency to rebel one after another, which makes Zhu Yuanzhang suspicious.

From the Hu case to the Aquamarine case, a large number of people were implicated in the officialdom in the early Ming Dynasty, especially those who contributed to the founding of the People's Republic of China, and almost all of them were influenced to varying degrees.

From Zhu Yuanzhang's point of view, this is also a responsible act for Zhu Biao. It is said that Zhu Yuanzhang broke a thorn in his later years and gave it to Zhu Biao. Zhu Biao didn't dare to start work, so Zhu Yuanzhang scraped it off with his hand and gave it to Zhu Biao.

Historical experience and lessons tell us that a wise king likes to pave the way for his son, and a bad king likes to set a stumbling block for his son. From this point of view, we admit that Zhu Yuanzhang can do such a thing, especially Hu and Aquamarine, which may bring hidden dangers to the stability of the Ming regime.

As a civil servant, Song Lian is not the same as the founding hero. Although he is in a high position and has close ties with Zhu Yuanzhang, he has no real power. Zhu Yuanzhang used Song Lian. To put it bluntly, he took a fancy to his scholar reputation, not his political ability.

Unfortunately, however, Song Lian, who was in his seventies, was sent to Maozhou, Sichuan. Because his children and grandchildren were involved in the Hu case, Zhu Yuanzhang executed Song Lian. Thanks to Ma Huanghou and Zhu Biao, he was sent to Maozhou, Sichuan, and died the next year.

Unofficial history said that Song Lian did not attend Zhu Yuanzhang's birthday and was killed. Is it credible?

Zhu Yuanzhang wanted to execute Song Lian because Song Lian was involved in the Hu case. However, after all, it was his descendants who participated in the case. Does Zhu Yuanzhang need to do this? Doubt!

There were many major cases in the early Ming dynasty, involving tens of thousands of people. It is normal to die alone. However, Song Lian is no ordinary minister. In biographies of ministers of Ming history, Song Lian ranks behind Liu Bowen.

The record of Song Lian's death in the Ming Dynasty is so simple that it is obviously problematic.

Song Lian's death, recorded in Wang Hao's notebook Zhen Jize Wen, is more vivid and interesting, but more interesting.

Although this note is more like unofficial history's novel, Qin Wang, an official of the Ministry of Finance and a scholar of Wenyuange, doesn't look like a joker, so his statement should be based on certain facts.

According to Qin Wang, Song Lian retired and went to Beijing to attend Zhu Yuanzhang's birthday party every year. As the "leader of the founding civil servants" evaluated by Zhu Yuanzhang, Song Lian is naturally listed.

In the twelfth year of Hongwu, Song Lian accompanied Zhu Yuanzhang to climb to the Wenlou, panting with fatigue, because Song Lian was seventy years old and a little old at that time. At that time, Zhu Yuanzhang laughed at Song Lian's age and asked Song Lian, can he come again next year? Song Lian said that he was too old to come next year. It is estimated that Zhu Yuanzhang also agreed at that time.

But on Zhu Yuanzhang's birthday the next year, he missed Song Lian very much, but forgot to say that Song Lian couldn't come again, so he sent someone to invite him. After the messenger went, he found that Song Lian was eating, drinking and having fun with others at home, and his temperament was very high. So Zhu Yuanzhang was furious and killed his heart.

Of course, we should still have the spirit of gossip and a rigorous attitude towards history, and don't jump to conclusions easily. As for the truth, it is estimated that only Zhu Yuanzhang knows.

Song Lian was forced to death by Zhu Yuanzhang, which showed the suppression of intellectuals by the rulers of the Ming Dynasty when they strengthened their imperial power.

In fact, if Song Lian, Zhu Biao and Hu are analyzed together, many people may think that Song Lian is just unlucky. According to Wang Hao, many people may think that Song Lian is unlucky.

Song Lian's bad luck is by no means so simple. His bad luck is due to the great intellectuals of an era. If he is involved in a political rebellion case, it is understandable. It would be sad if the emperor lost his life because of a small negligence. Maybe this is what Qin Wang wants to express in his notes!

If we regard Song Lian as an intellectual in the early Ming Dynasty, we will find that the intellectuals in the early Ming Dynasty really took a roller coaster in the early Ming Dynasty, but after putting you on the peak, they fell off the track and fell worse than Zhao Si's father.

Gao Qi, who was also known as "the three masters of poetry and prose in the early Ming Dynasty" with Song Lian, had almost the same courtesy as Song Lian in the early Ming Dynasty. First, he participated in the compilation of Yuan history, and later he was appointed as a teacher of Kings. As a result, when writing an article, I wrote the word "Dragon and Tiger", which was regarded as a tribute to Zhang Shicheng and was beheaded.

Fang Xiaoru, another student of Song Lian, a great scholar in the early Ming Dynasty, was also highly valued by Zhu Yuanzhang. Later, after Zhu Yunwen acceded to the throne, he was asked to preside over the compilation of Mao Shi Lu, which was very influential at that time. As a result, after Judy's hard fight, Fang Xiaoru refused to cooperate and punished him for killing ten families.

Jie Jin, a scholar in the twenty-first year of Hongwu, was also deeply appreciated by Zhu Yuanzhang. Zhu Yuanzhang even wanted to make friends with his father and son in private. After Judy ascended the throne, she attached great importance to Jie Jin and once said to him, "I can't live without Jie Jin for a day." Good manners are unbelievable. Presided over the revision of the History of the Yuan Dynasty, supplemented the Editor-in-Chief of Song Shu, Ren Lu and Yongle Dadian. As a result, while Judy was fighting outside, Jie Jin visited Prince Zhu Gaochi. As a result, he was arrested and imprisoned by Judy on the charge of "no minister", and finally he was drunk by a security guard and buried in the snow to freeze to death.

It can be said that from Song Lian and Gao Qi to Fang Xiaoru and Jie Jin, it can be seen that the attitude of the rulers towards intellectuals in the early Ming Dynasty is that if they can be used by us and obey the arrangements, they will be popular and popular. Once they think you have the heart of disobedience, just block it, and the worse you die, the better.

Smash the bones of intellectuals, then implement a high-handed cultural policy, and finally establish a sacred and inviolable imperial power. This is the real intention of the rulers of the Ming Dynasty, and Song Lian is only one of the outstanding figures.