What is an academic paper?

Question 1: What is the specific meaning of academic papers? What is a thesis?

It is an article devoted to an in-depth discussion and discussion of a problem.

Generally speaking, this problem is very complicated, big and important, or there are newly discovered problems.

The bigger one can be called the "main body".

Papers can be written by many people together or by one person.

Generally, bachelor's degree, master's degree and doctor's degree can only be obtained through thesis defense, that is, the tutor will ask you some questions about your thesis, please answer them, and see whether you are qualified to obtain a degree according to your answers and the situation of your thesis.

What is an academic paper?

People's Republic of China (PRC) national standards VDC 00 1.8 1 and CB 77 13-87 define academic papers as follows:

Academic papers are the knowledge and scientific records of an academic subject with new scientific research achievements or innovative ideas in experiments, theories or observations; Or apply the known principles to the scientific summary of the new progress made in practice for reading, communication or discussion at academic conferences; Or published in academic journals; Or written documents for other purposes.

In the field of social sciences, people usually refer to papers expressing scientific research achievements as academic papers.

Academic papers have four characteristics: ① academic; ② scientific; ③ Creativity; 4 theoretical.

Academic: First of all, we must understand what "academic" is. The so-called academic refers to more professional and systematic knowledge. The so-called academic nature means that the content of research and discussion is specialized and systematic, that is, taking a professional problem in the scientific field as the research object. Of course, there are also some academic problems that can't be solved by just one professional knowledge, so there will be two or more professional experts to study together and use their respective professional knowledge to solve an academic problem and write academic papers. For example, the problem of dating Xia, Shang and Zhou dynasties cannot be solved by historians alone, so experts from ancient philologists, astronomers, archaeologists and other disciplines are mobilized to study together and then write scientific works. Academic papers are highly specialized in topic selection. For example, the institutions and powers of the three provinces under the system of Zhongshumen in the Tang Dynasty, the conflict of interests in the Sino-Soviet Treaty and its solution, and On Song Taizong are highly professional in topic selection. On the contrary, such as "Mr. Qi Gong I Know" and "Holidays: Children Watch TV Slow" are not professional from the topic.

From the content, academic papers are obviously professional. Academic thesis is the author's use of his own systematic professional knowledge to demonstrate or solve highly specialized academic problems. Sometimes it is difficult to judge whether it is an academic paper simply from the title, so we must distinguish it from the content. For example, 200 1 is the 90th anniversary of the Revolution of 1911, and all major newspapers in China publish editorials. Although I also talk about historical issues, I mainly focus on reality. This is not an academic paper, but an argumentative paper and a political paper. If a historian studies a problem of the Revolution of 1911 from the perspective of history, such as the article "Zhang Tang Friendship and the Revolution of 1911" published by the famous historian Zhang Kaiyuan in the first issue of Historical Research in 2002, it is an academic paper that analyzes the contributions of two representatives of the reformists, Zhang Jian and Tang Shouqian, in various innovative undertakings during the Revolution of 1911. Another example is the topic of breaking superstition, which can be written as a political paper or an ideological review. But if a geographer uses geographical knowledge to demonstrate the coexistence of ancient science and feudal superstition in Feng Shui, it is not an ordinary argumentative paper, but an academic paper. If we analyze "fortune telling" and "divination" from the perspective of psychology, it is likely to become an academic paper with strong psychological professionalism. Therefore, whether there is obvious professionalism in content is the most important difference between academic papers and general argumentative papers.

From the perspective of language expression, academic papers use professional terms and professional chart symbols to express their contents, mainly for peers, so we don't care whether others can understand them, but express academic problems concisely, accurately and normatively, so professional terms are used a lot.

② Scientific:

Scientific nature is the characteristic of academic papers, and it is also the life and value of academic papers. The purpose of carrying out academic research and writing academic papers is to reveal the objective laws of the development of things and explore the objective truth, thus promoting the prosperity and development of science, which determines that academic papers must be scientific.

The so-called scientific nature means that the content of research and discussion is accurate, the thinking is rigorous and the reasoning is logical.

To be scientific in academic papers, the first thing is the attitude of scientific research, which is an honest and realistic attitude. We should study with a serious attitude and a rigorous attitude ... >>

Question 2: What is an academic monograph and what is an academic paper? According to the length of academic papers, it can be divided into three types: single academic paper, series academic papers and academic monographs. Generally speaking, 40,000-50,000 words or more can be called academic monographs.

Classification of academic papers

According to the author's different situation, different requirements or social needs, as well as the paper carrier, academic papers can be divided into:

Contribute a paper

Articles written by researchers for academic journals, magazines or academic publishing houses.

Propositional thesis

Articles on scientific research projects submitted by higher-level leading departments to scientific researchers according to social needs, or articles on scientific research projects submitted by tutors to graduate students and college students.

thesis

Generally speaking, it refers to the papers written by graduating college students (undergraduates).

Academic paper

Generally speaking, it refers to a thesis written by a person (master or doctor) who requires a degree.

The latter two categories can be said to mainly refer to papers written by students at different levels in colleges and universities.

Computer software paper

The above categories are mainly papers based on paper. According to the carrier of academic papers, there are also papers in computer disk storage format, which can be submitted to electronic journals (Zhangqiu Ma Hao Calligraphy Studio) for publication, such as China Journal of Multimedia and Network Teaching (online edition). This kind of paper includes not only general graphics papers, but also computer software papers (there are many computer software works in reserve). At present, many newspapers and magazines are transitioning to the electronic version. In the future, although the electronic version cannot replace the paper version, it will become the main carrier of newspapers and magazines.

Question 3: What are the characteristics of academic papers?

The so-called knowledge refers to more professional and systematic knowledge. Academic papers are the carriers of academic achievements, and their contents are the achievements of the author's painstaking research on a certain subject in a certain scientific field, which are systematic and specialized, not a little bit of income. Academics can be embodied in overthrowing some old views in a certain degree field and putting forward new opinions;

It can be to systematize the scattered materials, demonstrate them with new ideas or methods, and draw new conclusions;

You can also make new discoveries, inventions or creations through your own observation, investigation and experiments on a certain subject.

2. Theoretical

Academic papers should have certain theoretical value, prompt the essence of things and reflect objective laws. In writing, the author must use a lot of reliable materials and scientific methods to analyze the essence of things and explore the regularity. This requires the author not only to have a comprehensive understanding of the research object, but also to demonstrate, explain,

Raise your own discovery and understanding to the height of theory.

example

: the influence of network on interpersonal communication

science

The scientificity of academic papers mainly means that the author can use scientific thinking methods to conduct papers and draw scientific conclusions. It requires the author to treat the research work with a scientific attitude and method of dialectical materialism and historical materialism, respect the objective reality and persist in seeking truth from facts. Science is the soul of academic papers, and "academic papers" without science are lifeless.

Question 4: What do you mean by the scientific nature of academic papers, and the logic cannot be wrong?

Can promote academic progress.

Question 5: What is the definition of academic paper? Give an accurate and brief explanation of the essential characteristics of an academic paper or the connotation and extension of a concept. In layman's terms, it is an accurate definition!

Question 6: What do academic papers mean? I don't know if I found the right one. I hope it helps you! Chapter V Writing of Academic Papers 1. Meaning of academic paper: abbreviation of paper. The thesis is an article that discusses and studies the problems in the fields of nature, society and humanities, and expresses the achievements of scientific research. Academic papers are the crystallization of academic research, not ordinary learning experiences, experiences or harvest reports. It is a revelation of the scientific laws of a certain discipline, a direct record of some phenomena, a list of materials and a description of events. It is the result of further exploration and reflection on the research object, not the repetition of other people's research results. Papers generally use various facts and materials to quote, analyze and demonstrate researchers' new discoveries and new insights. 2. Characteristics of academic papers: 1) Scientific: The argument is tenable, the argument is sufficient and the argument is logical. 2) originality: new discovery. Or develop and deepen on the basis of the original results. It is the result of independent thinking and analysis. 3) Professionalism: it is a specialized study of a certain problem. Strong professionalism. 1. Academic paper writing: 1) Setting range: such as modern literature; 2) Main direction: such as Zhang Ailing's novels; 3) Collecting data, such as Zhang Ailing's early research results; 4) Reading arrangement: discussion exercises; 5) Combine the problems found with the existing experience; 6) Determine the theme: such as the exploration of Zhang Ailing's novels; 7) Drafting outline: early achievements. The source of "famine": state affairs, family affairs and personnel. Aesthetic Effect of Desolation 8) Writing: Example: 265438+20th Century China Aesthetics: Resisting "Prose Culture" (Excerpt from Yang's "Beijing Social Sciences" 01.4) Since the 1990s, with the rapid rise of market economy, modernity has knocked on the door of China, a "prose culture" different from the heroic era. Under the impact of "prose culture", the traditional aesthetic ideal gradually disintegrated and the lofty spirit began to degenerate. Wang Shuo's mockery of traditional values, the tearing of the veil of rationality in The Waste Capital and the "new realism" in the face of mediocre life all indicate the end of an old era and the arrival of a new era. Faced with this situation, practical aesthetics, as a "pre-modern" theory, exposes its theoretical defects and historical limitations: it emphasizes the collectivity, material determinism, rationality and reality of aesthetics, while ignoring the individuality, spirituality, super-rationality and super-reality of aesthetics; As rationalist aesthetics, it can't answer the question of the meaning of individual existence and resist the tendency of "plain culture" brought by modernity, thus losing its historical rationality. The living environment of modern people requires aesthetics to make an answer different from traditional rationalism. In the new century, China's aesthetics must respond to the challenge of "prose culture". In the new century, China's modern aesthetics, represented by "post-practical aesthetics", must respond to the challenges of modernity in the following aspects, resist "prose culture" and seek ways for modern people to surpass their spirit. First of all, it must adapt to the living conditions of modern people and base itself on individual existence, that is, abandon the philosophical starting point of traditional aesthetics, including practical aesthetics-collective existence (social practice, etc. ), establish the philosophical starting point with "survival" as the basic category, and regard aesthetics as the transcendence form and experience form of individual existence. Secondly, we must pay attention to the conflict of modern people's spiritual world and establish aesthetic metamaterial spirit. Thirdly, we must break through rationalism philosophy, admit human irrationality and super-rationality, and affirm aesthetic super-rationality. Thirdly, we must meet the metaphysical needs of modern people and affirm the transcendence of aesthetics. Finally, modern aesthetics must strengthen criticism, which is determined by the criticism of modern aesthetics. Traditional aesthetics affirms reality and regards aesthetics as decoration. However, modern aesthetics has turned to criticize reality, and elegance and sublimity are no longer basic categories. Facing the threat of "prose culture", aestheticians should stand up and resist. If we are insensitive to the impact of modernity, we will be unable to resist the "prose culture" and will eventually be abandoned by history. In order to keep pace with the world aesthetics, China aesthetics in 2 1 century must extract aesthetic thoughts from its own modern living experience and establish its own modern theoretical system in the struggle with "prose culture".

Question 7: What are the characteristics of a good academic paper? Taking medical academic papers as an example, a good academic paper has the following characteristics:

According to the source of medical papers:

It can be divided into original works (including papers, works and short reports) and compiled works (including textbooks, reference books, monographs, documents, reviews, lectures, special written talks, special discussions, etc. );

According to the purpose of writing a paper, it is divided into two categories: academic papers and degree papers;

According to the nature of medical disciplines and disciplines, it is divided into four categories: basic medicine, clinical medicine, preventive medicine and rehabilitation medicine;

According to the research content of the paper, it is divided into five categories: experimental research papers, investigation research papers, experimental research papers, data analysis papers and experience papers;

According to the genre of the paper, it is divided into: papers, documents, reviews, lectures, techniques and methods, case reports and medical popular science papers. Therefore, the author must choose the expression form of the corresponding genre according to his own research work and the content of research materials.

Every experiment or clinical observation should have strict plans and steps. Strictly operate and related procedures in the application, and do not arbitrarily change your own scientific research design and demonstration. Experts often see that many authors often use, possibly, roughly, estimate, or say that the data has obvious curative effect without statistics when writing articles. These words are not rigorous.

Source: Charlesworth's paper polishing.

Question 8: What are the writing requirements for the basic contents of academic papers? You must have detailed information when writing a paper. A paper of about 5000 words may collect tens of thousands or even hundreds of thousands of words. Information is the basis of thesis writing. Without information, "a clever woman can't cook without rice", the research can't start, the viewpoint can't be established, and the paper can't be formed. Therefore, the detailed possession of information is another extremely important work before writing the paper. There are many papers available for free reference in China Periodical Library. I suggest you look at them and choose what you need.

Question 9: What is "duplicate checking" of academic papers? Paper duplication checking is to check whether there is repetition rate by comparing your paper with the paper database.

Paper duplication checking is to check the similarity of your paper.

Nowadays, colleges and universities are very strict about duplicate checking of papers.

Students also check their own papers on the Internet by looking for duplicate checking software.

Paper raters' duplicate checking software is commonly used.