The state promotes literature by virtue.

1. Ask for ancient Chinese translation ... Tell me what you know. Thanks to the original:

The country prospered by appointing and enabling sages, but declined by abandoning sages and putting oneself first. Both of them are inevitable trends, and common sense is well known in ancient and modern times. Why can a world of public security prosper while a world of chaos does not? Some say it's useful, not useful. It is a blessing for the country to use virtue, but it is useless if it is not used or necessary. The prosperity of commerce also includes Zhong and Yi Yin, and its decline also includes Sanren. Zhou Zhihang also has ten people of one mind, and his decline is also due to his sacrifice to the public and his father's internal history. The rise of the Han Dynasty was also attributed to the followers of Xiao, Cao, Kou and Deng, and its decline was also attributed to the followers of Wang Jia, Fu, Chen Fan. As for Wei and Jin, they can't be mentioned, but the same is true when the world rises and falls. From this perspective, those who are virtuous and those who use them are also the blessing of the country. If they are not used, they will not be used. Can they be careless? Today is still ancient, today's world is ancient, and today's scholars are also ancient scholars. Although ancient times were prosperous, there were still many talented people. Today, the situation is so peaceful. How can you say that there is no such thing? It's just for you. Consult the public and you will be able to enter; If there are no taboos, the straight road will be opened; If you are not a villain, stay away; If you don't stick to tradition, then people who stick to their posts will be treated differently; If you don't blame others for being meticulous, you will certainly do your best. If you do this, why not cross the Han and Wei Dynasties and practice the path of the Five Emperors and Huang San?

Translation:

The country can be rich and strong only by appointing talents, and can decline only by the monarch's own opinions, because talents are not needed. These two points are the inevitable laws of social development, which have always been the case, and ordinary people can realize them. But why in the era of peace and stability, with talents, you can prosper; In that chaotic and turbulent era, even if there are such people, can't they flourish? It depends on whether to hire these talented people. It is the blessing of the country to have talents appointed; Talented people don't use it, just like it's useless. When Shang Dynasty rose, there were sages like Zhong You and Yi Yin, and when it declined, there were sages like Sanren (Wei Zi and Ji Zi, Bigan). When the Zhou Dynasty rose, ten sages were United with the prince of Wu. When it declined, there were also such sages who sacrificed to the public and sought ancestors. When the Han Dynasty rose, there were people like Xiao He, Cao Can, Kou Xun and Deng Yu. When it declined, there were also many saints Jia, Fuxi, Chen Fan and others. From Wei Jin to Tang Dynasty, there were many such sages, so it is impossible to list them all. Some appeared in the boom period, and some appeared in the decline period, as above. From this perspective, it is a blessing that the country has talents and appoints talents; Talented people don't use it, just like it's useless. How can you not be cautious about this situation? The situation today is similar to that in ancient times. Today's world is just like the ancient world. Today's scholars and people are just like ancient scholars and people. In ancient times, as mentioned above, there were many talents, but now there is nothing wrong with it. How can we say that there are no wise men? It depends on how the monarch and the superior are appointed. Solicit the opinions of all people extensively, and talents can use it; Without taboos, people dare to speak out; If you don't get close to the villain, the flatterer will be alienated; People in charge of relevant departments will be able to handle affairs clearly, without haggling over the details of documents or being influenced by secular views; People who are capable of doing things can get corresponding results according to their own ideas without picking on other people's minor faults. If we can do this, are we still afraid that we can't surpass the Han Dynasty, three generations and reach the flourishing age of the Five Emperors Huang San?

2. Translation of classical Chinese: A craftsman must choose a brief description of the craftsman, and a person who is a country must seek a sage and an official.

It is said that people who need to make utensils will definitely choose craftsmen to save materials, and those who govern the country will definitely seek talents and be eager to be officials.

However, when the disadvantages are immoral, we can sharpen our swords and follow the trend.

However, when the country is poor and weak, and there are no talented people, we can hone and educate the dull ordinary people to use them.

Old friends don't worry about responsibility, they don't search, they don't have to be cautious.

Therefore, officials are not afraid of being demoted and punished when they treat the emperor, and they do not look for and recommend low-ranking talents among them when they treat the people. If they deal with the emperor's request for talents, they can't recommend talents carefully for the country.

3. Ming history. Wang Bangrui answered in classical Chinese. Wang Bangrui was born in Yiyang. I learned a lot. When I was a student, there were thieves in Shandong, and fourteen strategies for encirclement and suppression of thieves and bandits were in the magistrate. Zheng De became a scholar after 12 years. Change it to Jishi Shu. He is involved in Wang Fu, and he is called Guangzhou Gong. In the early years of Jiajing, my grandfather died and left. Make up Chuzhou. Many times, he was promoted to be a doctor in Nanjing and became a teacher in Shaanxi. Binzhou is known to have been demoted because he failed to pay tribute more than five times a year. He was promoted to deputy ambassador of Guyuan again. Li Wei, the thief of Jing and Kuai, robbed Hedong and Hexi and made peace with them. Because grandma left in mourning. After the mourning period expires, he will be promoted to Shaanxi and transferred to politics. Mother died and quit her job. He was promoted to the right yue empire and was also the governor of Ningxia. The enemy invaded with ice and settled the defeated. She was appointed as Dali Qing of Nanjing. If you don't do this, you will be recalled as the right assistant minister of the Ministry of War. know

The new official changed to the official department and rose to the left. Anda invaded the capital and ordered Governor Guo Rui to go to Jiumen. Guo Rui patrolled Chang 'an Avenue, the east and west of the military camp outside the imperial city, opened the gate wide and went to the suburbs to avoid thieves. Ding Rukui, the minister of the Ministry of War, went to prison, ordered Guo Rui to mention this matter, and served as the prefect of the regiment. When the enemy retreated, the generals were asked to study their merits and demerits and dredge nine trenches, and they all promised to reply. Guo Rui saw the relaxation of the prison camp system and pointed out its disadvantages. So, except for 12 regiments, they all belong to the 3rd battalion and are unified by Hou Qiuluan of Xianning. Guo Rui also became the left assistant minister of the Ministry of War, in charge of Beijing camp affairs. And state six things to promote advantages and eliminate disadvantages. It is said that eunuchs are in charge of the army, so please remove all the prefects who have supervised firearms throughout the ages. The emperor replied. Zhao Shichun, the former editor-in-chief, and the director of the Ministry of Industry knew about the war and were appointed as the Ministry of War to manage the affairs of the Beijing battalion. Soon, the emperor called the Minister of War Weng Wanda, but he was late, so he ordered Guo. How to steal twelve things in the article? owner

Qiu Luan Qiu Luan framed Bangrui for the emperor, and God's care gradually moved. In Xiao Luan, Li Fengming, the company commander of Jizhou, and Xu Gan, the company commander of Datong, were dismissed, and the deputy commander of Jingying was recommended to sing Phoenix, and Ren Xu, the deputy commander of Miyun, took over the hub. Mainly from the middle and bottom. Guo Rui said, "It's up to Your Majesty to decide which officials or officials the imperial court must take when changing generals, so be careful of delays and show me what you dare not decide. Moreover, elite generals and tombs of martyrs will not govern each other. So, why does Yingying walk around the town? When Luan invited me today, I was afraid that all the nine generals would flee. This is not the blessing of the country. " The emperor was unhappy and the monkey condemned him. Xiao Luan wants to control the border generals again and stop building the side wall of Yuji Town. Guo Rui thinks this is impossible. Xiao Luan's great regret is even more unbridled. In Guo Rui, he also stated how to steal a big plan, so he was severely fired and acted in a civilized way. A few days later, the big plan was stated. Finally, he was removed from the list to Zhao Jindai. With Guo Rui's departure, Xiao Luan became more arrogant. He was executed the next year, and Jinxiu was also guarded by the party members, so the emperor gradually thought of it. Ten years later, the Beijing camp was short of people, and the emperor said, "It must be Bangrui." So I got up and became an official. know

After arriving, I have arrived, and a few things are allowed. Died a year later. Give it to Prince Shao Bao and Mi Yi, and send messengers to escort him back to his hometown for burial. room

Guo Rui Guo Rui is strict, decisive and knowledgeable. He has been an official for forty years and is famous for his incorruptibility.

4. The classical Chinese "Wang Anshi".

[Song] Wang Anshi

original text

In Wuli, Chu Shi, some people are good at telling the fate of the nobles and the poor, or inviting them and giving them a speech. He repeated his invitation day after day and said to him, "The husband is expensive, and the heaven is also good. I did what I had to do. I can know what I have done; What is heaven doing? Am I lonely? My saint? Can you be a secretary? Then there is something inherent in Wanzhong. Unfortunately, if you are poor and cheap, it's time. I am not virtuous? Can't you be a public official? There is nothing to apologize for eating bean soup. If you are lucky enough to be rich, you will be accused. I know this. There is no doubt that which one is better than the other? And fortune, the gentleman put it outside. A gentleman must be benevolent when he lives, righteous when he acts, and blessed when he opposes benevolence and righteousness. A gentleman does not have it. A gentleman disdains the evil of benevolence and righteousness. Therefore, King Wen was imprisoned, Confucius was afraid of Kuang, and the wisdom of saints was also doomed. The existence of the road is embarrassing. "

Confucius said, "Those who think they are cheap do it in heaven, while those who are cheap in the world do it in heaven." He said, "No, man can't be integrated with heaven. Being born in heaven enables saints to rule saints, so saints should be expensive, saints should be cheap, and heaven is also. People who choose to do things are called people. Heaven and man are one, the sage is expensive, and no one is cheap. If the way between heaven and man is contrary, the sage is cheap and unworthy. If the way between heaven and man is contrary, the sage will be corrupt or expensive or cheap. In the Yao and Shun era, Yuan Kai used it with the Four Fierces, which was the unity of heaven and man. In an unruly world, Fei Lian then retired from Sanren, which is a contradiction between heaven and man. From the Han Dynasty to the Wei and Jin Dynasties, it was a contradiction between the way of heaven and man. God forbid, people can't be together. Therefore, in order to fulfill life, a gentleman takes keeping the Tao as his own responsibility and cultivates himself. When it comes to fortune, he cannot be depressed. The son is not good at benevolence and trust, and the crumbs refuse to talk about it, not to drown it! "

translate

Wu has a fortune teller who knows people's fate. I was asked to ask him this kind of question, but I refused. Later, someone asked me the same question, and I replied, "The nobility or inferiority of identity is something God does. Being talented and not being talented are all I can do. I can only know what I can do; Am I the only one who doesn't know what God has done? Am I virtuous? Do I have enough moral character to be a government official? If so, then you should enjoy ten thousand minutes' salary. If you are unfortunately poor and humble, it is luck. Am I not talented enough? Is my virtue not enough to be listed as a public official? If so, there will be a lot of benefits to enjoy. If you are lucky enough to be rich and honorable, it is a sin. These are undoubtedly what I can know. How can they be the same as other things? Besides, fortune and misfortune are things that gentlemen ignore. A gentleman should be benevolent at ordinary times and do things with justice. If it violates benevolence and righteousness, it will be rewarded, but the gentleman does not possess it. A gentleman doesn't worry about doing righteous things. So Zhou Wenwang was once jailed, and Confucius was once trapped in Kuang Di (but they all got out of trouble in the end). Can't the wisdom of saints get them out of trouble? This is probably because the avenue is working. "

The man asked, "Do you think the nobility or inferiority of status is something God does?". However, are those who are virtuous but humble, and those who are incompetent but noble, also arranged by God? " I replied, "No, it's just that what people do can't be consistent with what God arranged." It is God's arrangement that people like us are sent down to let talented people govern those who have no virtue. Therefore, talented people should have a noble position, and people without virtue should have a humble position. This is heaven. Choosing action is the so-called "humanity" (that is, doing your best). If "heaven" is consistent with "man", then there will be a situation in which the virtuous person has a lofty position and the immoral person has a humble position; If "heaven" deviates from "man", then there will be a situation in which people with virtue are humble and those without virtue are lofty; If "heaven" and "humanity" deviate from each other and are half-identical, then there will be a situation in which good and evil are divided or which is lighter. In the Yao-Shun era, Yuan Kai was reused and four murderers were killed, which was in line with "Heaven" and "Humanity". In the era of rebellion, Fei Lian was hired and Sanren was demoted, which was a departure from "Heaven" and "Man". Since the Han and Wei Dynasties, the status of sages and villains has been noble or humble, and the deviation and agreement between "heaven" and "man" has accounted for half. The fate arranged by God is certain and unchangeable, and people's fortune may not be completely consistent with it. Therefore, a gentleman cultivates himself to meet his destiny, and insists on "Heaven" to meet his destiny. The arrival of wealth and misfortune cannot be stopped by manpower. You are not committed to cultivating righteousness, but busy and willing to be so absurd. Is it too limited? "