The difference between Facebook and mask

As an artistic phenomenon, the facial makeup of Sichuan Opera is naturally later than the facial makeup of various people in real life. But traced back to the source, its origin is still quite early. Facebook comes from life, higher than life. Its earliest origin can be traced back to ancient people's tattoos and masks.

Tattooing is an aspect of tattooing. The so-called "tattoo" means that people carve or smear various patterns on themselves to beautify themselves or make them look fierce and dignified, with the aim of scaring all kinds of beasts and ensuring the survival and development of mankind. For example, "cut off the hair tattoo to avoid the dragon's injury, so carve its muscles and make it a nirvana." "The tattoo is broken and the grass is covered with grass." This is proof. Countries around the world are similar, but the patterns are different. As for tattoos, it was recorded as early as in the Book of Rites: "There are savages in the south, and there are people who don't eat with fire." The "carving title" here is a carving forehead, which is obviously a part of the tattoo. However, the word "Wen Mian" appeared late, and it was first seen in the Biography of Nan Man in the New Tang Dynasty: "There are plain faces, and vulgar faces make you green." Sichuan is the hometown of ethnic minority Pu. It is not difficult to find that Wenmian is closely related to ancient Shu. During the Song and Jin Dynasties, the language teaching system in Taiyuan, Shanxi Province to prevent soldiers from escaping became a kind of torture. For example, "Liu Zhiyuan Zhu Gong Tune" said: "Taiyuan House is a tattoo eater, and I want to stay, but I am embarrassed." Compared with the temperature spectrum, it has been several centuries late.

Mask, currently recorded in the book is "Zhou Li Chun Guan". Fang Shixiang, the core figure in the exorcism ceremony to exorcise the epidemic ghosts, dressed as: "palm covered with bear skin, four eyes of gold, mysterious clothing Zhu Shang, Ge Yangdun attack." These "golden eyes" are masks. However, the detailed record of Fang's dance instrument is the Book of Rites of the Later Han Dynasty: "If you wax for a day first, you will be surprised, which is called driving away the epidemic." Young people in 120 put on masks "to drive away evil spirits in the ban". Because it is the "Square Dance of the Zodiac". ..... This Nuo dance scene is obviously very spectacular. It is particularly noteworthy that the physical objects actually unearthed in cultural relics archaeology are not only powerful proofs, but also earlier than those recorded in the literature. Such as 1936, a batch of bronze masks were excavated from Yin Ruins in Anyang, and 1986, bronze masks of Shang Dynasty were excavated from Sanxingdui in Guanghan, Sichuan. It can be seen that the mask did not begin with the "wearing face" in the Warrior of Lanling in the Northern Qi Dynasty, but originated from the real life and religious Nuo in ancient times. There are masks and dances of the zodiac in ancient Sichuan, which shows that Cuba and Sichuan are completely synchronized with all parts of the country and are not backward.

Tattoos and masks themselves are not facial makeup, let alone things invented and created for Chinese opera. They appeared in ancient times, first, for the sake of struggle for existence, threatening us and other beasts that endanger mankind, and so on; Second, as an external sign of mutual recognition among ethnic or tribal members, it is a reflection of "totem culture". Such as the sun, moon, stars, Chen, wind, rain, thunder, electricity, tigers, leopards, dragons, snakes, etc. The third is to beautify as decoration. Among them, the role of decoration and beautification is directly related to the facial makeup of Chinese opera and Sichuan opera. Even if the clown's face is ugly, it is an artistic beauty. Therefore, tattoos, masks and the like are only living minerals that produce facial makeup, while facial makeup in Sichuan opera is an art, which is the essential difference between the two. Facebook is "shine on you is better than blue".

In addition, the reason why Sichuan Opera uses Facebook is also related to its emergence and religious ceremonies. The masks worn in theatrical performances in religious activities (such as Nuo dance and Nuo opera) are one of the sources of facial makeup in Sichuan opera. There are still some masks on the stage of Sichuan Opera. It is a reform and an improvement of art to turn masks into facial masks in Sichuan Opera. In addition, it is closely related to the ancient Sichuan Opera, which originated from the people and was performed in the open air and in the wilderness. The artistic exaggeration of Facebook is beneficial to the audience. One is to see clearly, and the other is to understand the typical character of the character. How far is the bridge of the nose? You will know if you are in a good mood. If there is a "powder shell" on the stage, there will be a lot of intrigue. There will be an invisible suspense, a desire to see the truth. It can be seen that Facebook has a deep knowledge and can even form a "Facebook". Chinese medicine has the hope of "seeing, hearing, feeling and asking", and Mr. physiognomy's fortune-telling is related to people's faces. China's ancient "physiognomy" holds that a person's face "leads the spirit of the five internal organs, but the image of three talents determines the gain and loss of a person's face". Facebook is closely related to Facebook and clowns in Sichuan Opera.

Of course, the facial makeup of Sichuan Opera was not as perfect at first as it is now, but experienced a complex evolution process from rough to exquisite, from simple to complex, from humble to beautiful, from sporadic to systematic. After long-term stage practice, it is proved that the audience actors recognize stereotypes and colorful Sichuan opera masks are formally formed.