How much is the ticket for Nanjing qixia temple? Does Nanjing Qixia Ancient Temple need tickets?

Qixia temple, a thousand-year-old temple, has always been a place with strong incense and rich Buddhist culture. Moreover, the architectural style of the temple is elegant and fresh, and the surrounding natural environment is illusory. During the period of being surrounded by various flowers and trees, here is the information about the ticket price of the temple.

Qixia temple ticket price: 20 yuan/person in low season, 40 yuan/person in high season, free morning exercise;

Opening hours: 7: 00-17: 30;

Tel: 025-85761831; 025-85766979

Address of scenic spots: No.88 Qixia Street, Qixia District, Nanjing, Jiangsu Province;

Qixia temple is located at the west foot of Qixia Mountain in Qixia District, Nanjing, surrounded by mountains on three sides and the Yangtze River in the north. It is one of the four famous temples in China, the birthplace of Buddhism "Three Lunjiao", and the Buddhist center of China in the Northern and Southern Dynasties, which is as famous as Jiming Temple and Dingshan Temple in the Southern Dynasties. Qixia temple was founded in the seventh year of Yongming in the Southern Qi Dynasty (489), where Liang preached the doctrine of "Three Theories" and was called the ancestor of "Three Theories" in the south of the Yangtze River. Emperor Wendi of Sui Dynasty built a stupa in eighty-three states, and its stupa stood beside qixia temple in Jiangzhou. In the Tang Dynasty, it was called the Hall of Merits and Virtues, and its scale was huge. It is called the four largest jungles in the world together with Lingyan Temple in Changqing, dangyang yuquan temple, Hubei and Tiantai Guo Si, Zhejiang.

I. Introduction

Qixia temple is located at the foot of Qixia Mountain in Qixia District, Nanjing, surrounded by mountains on three sides and the Yangtze River in the north. It is one of the four famous temples in China, the birthplace of Buddhism "Three Lunjiao" and the Buddhist center of China in the Southern and Northern Dynasties. In the Southern Dynasties, it was as famous as Jiming Temple and Dingshan Temple.

Qixia temple was founded in the seventh year of Yongming in the Southern Qi Dynasty (489), where Liang preached the doctrine of "Three Theories" and was called the ancestor of "Three Theories" in the south of the Yangtze River. Emperor Wendi of Sui Dynasty built a stupa in eighty-three states, and its stupa stood beside qixia temple in Jiangzhou. In the Tang Dynasty, it was called the Hall of Merits and Virtues, and its scale was huge. It is called the four largest jungles in the world together with Lingyan Temple in Changqing, dangyang yuquan temple, Hubei and Tiantai Guo Si, Zhejiang.

1April, 983, qixia temple was identified as a key Buddhist temple in the Han area of China. In the same year, Qixiashan Branch of Chinese Buddhist Association was established. 1988 1 month, listed as a national key cultural relics protection unit.

Second, the architectural pattern

Qixia temple covers an area of more than 40 mu, and there are three courtyards for service, namely the Pilu Hall and the Tibetan Scripture Building. It rises layer by layer according to the mountain, and the pattern is neat and beautiful. In front of qixia temple is an open green lawn with bright Jinghu Lake and crescent-shaped white lotus pond, surrounded by lush trees and flowers, and winding peaks in the distance. The air is fresh and the scenery is quiet and beautiful. The main buildings in the temple are Shanmen, Maitreya Buddha Hall, Pilu Hall, Dharma Hall, Buddhist Temple, Buddhist Sutra Building, Jian Zhen Memorial Hall and stupa. In front of the temple, there is the Ming Huijun Monument, and behind the temple, there are thousands of Buddha statues, rocks and many other places of interest.

There is a monument on the left in front of the temple, which was built in the early Tang Dynasty to commemorate Shao, a famous monk in the Ming Dynasty. The inscription was written by Li Zhi, and the calligrapher in the Tang Dynasty wrote it very high. The inscription has the word "Qixia", which was written by Li Zhi. It is one of the historic sites in the south of the Yangtze River and a precious cultural relic.

Entering the mountain gate is the Maitreya Hall, where the naked and smiling Maitreya Buddha is enshrined. The heavenly king was on his back with his head held high. Climbing up the stairs is the main hall of the temple-Daxiong Hall, which is dedicated to the 10-meter-high Buddha of Sakyamuni. Then there is the magnificent and solemn Pilu Hall. The center is dedicated to the golden Peluzena Buddha about 5 meters high. Disciple Brahma King and the Earth Division stood on the left and right, and stood on the left and right for twenty days.

On the right outside the temple is the stupa, which was built in the first year of Renshou of Emperor Wen of Sui Dynasty (60 1). It has seven layers and eight sides and is made of white stone. About 15 meters high. There are stone railings around the tower foundation and Mount Sumi on the base. The eight sides of the pedestal are engraved with the "eight-phase road map" of Sakyamuni Buddha. A white elephant was reincarnated, born under a tree, bathed the prince in Kowloon, went to Ximen and Xiangcheng for penance, bathed, meditated, enlightened, demonized and nirvana. Above the Eight Diagrams is the first-class tower, which is extremely high and octagonal with inclined columns at each corner. The tower is engraved with reliefs such as Manjusri, Samantabhadra Bodhisattva and Four Heavenly Kings. The distance between the upper and lower eaves of the above floors is short, the five-story eaves generate income from the bottom up, and the tower also receives points. There are two stone races on each beach, and a Buddha sits in a niche. There are statues of Tian Fei, Lotte and Heaven on the eaves of the downhill slope, similar to Tian Fei in the Five Dynasties Grottoes in Dunhuang. The brake column at the top of the tower is lotus-shaped. The whole stupa is beautifully shaped, which is not only a masterpiece of stone carving art in the south of the Yangtze River in Sui and Tang Dynasties, but also a precious object for studying ancient Buddhism, art and culture.

Third, the main attractions

1 stupa

Qixia temple stupa, a relic of the Southern Tang Dynasty, is one of the oldest stone pagodas in the south of the Yangtze River and the largest stupa in China. Built in the Sui Dynasty, in the second year of Sui Renshou (602), Emperor Wendi of Sui ordered eighty-three states to build Renshou Tower. There is one in qixia temple,/kloc-rebuilt in the southern Tang Dynasty in the 20th century. It is the most valuable ancient building in qixia temple. This octagonal stone tower has five floors and is about 15 meters high. There are stone railings with hook lines around the base, which restore the five generations of original objects excavated in modern times. There are only some people left on the ground, such as sea water, dragons and phoenixes, fish and shrimp.

The statue of Sakyamuni, the Eight Buddhas, is embossed on Mount Sumi under the tower. The tower on the first floor is extremely tall, with carved doors on the front and back, Manjushri and Bodhisattva in the northeast and southwest, and Heavenly Kings on the other four sides. There are five layers of dense eaves above, and there are small niches carved under the eaves. The eaves are shingles, and there are bells and bells around the corner beams, but there are still a few. It turns out that the top of the tower is a metal gate, and there is a chain at the end of the ridge leading to the back of the monster. Later generations changed it into a treasure top made of several layers of stone lotus. The image of the tower is rigorous and natural, lifelike, beautifully carved and has a strong Chinese painting style. It is a masterpiece of Buddhist art in China during the Five Dynasties. After thousands of years of wind and rain, some stone eaves have been destroyed and fallen, but they still stand tall and stand tall, which has become a brilliant witness of Jinling Buddha.

2. Giant Buddha Pavilion

The Giant Buddha Pavilion, also known as the Three Temples, is dedicated to the Buddha with infinite longevity. It was excavated during the Southern Qi Dynasty and located in the east of the stupa. The height of the Buddha statue is10.8m, and even the base is13.3m. Guanyin and Sakyamuni Bodhisattva stand on the left and right, and the height is 1 1 m. The folding style of Buddha statues is quite similar to that of Yungang Grottoes in Datong. It turns out that the two Buddha statues beside the stupa are more than three meters high, exquisite and elegant, similar to the Longmen Stone Buddha in Luoyang, and also unique treasures in the golden age of Buddhist art in China. There are footprints of eminent monks in the Tang Dynasty in qixia temple, and there is a "Memorial Hall for Eminent Monks" in the Buddhist Temple, which enshrines the statue of eminent monks born by him when the Japanese delegation visited Nanjing in 1963, and also displays various historical materials of eminent monks.

3. Thousand Buddha Rock

Thousand Buddha Rock is located in the rock behind the stupa. There is a group of grottoes excavated during the Southern Dynasties, in which more than 500 Buddha statues were carved, which is called Thousand Buddha Cliffs. Among them, the largest Buddha statue is the Infinite Life Buddha, which is 10 meter high. Around it, there are statues of Guanyin and Great Wisdom Bodhisattva, forming the Three Saints.

Behind the Giant Buddha Pavilion, to the east of the pagoda, and between the cliffs behind Wu Liangsi, there are thousands of Buddha rocks, which are called "Yungang in the South of the Yangtze River" and are the only grottoes in China in the Southern Dynasties. According to the tripitaka, after Shao died in the Southern Dynasties, his son and Saman first carved the infinite longevity Buddha, Guanyin and Bodhisattva on the two walls of Xifeng. According to legend, the carved Buddha statue glows at the top of the niche. Therefore, when the aristocratic officials of Qi Liang heard about it, they carved the Buddha statues on the rock wall, or five or six or seven or eight statues were used as Buddhist niches, which were called Thousand Buddha Rocks. There were 294 niches and 5 15 Buddha statues in the Southern Dynasties. After the Tang, Song, Yuan and Ming Dynasties, there were 700 Buddha statues. Liang Linchuan and Wang Xiaohong decorate Buddha statues on behalf of Liang Linchuan and Wang Xiaohong. Qianfo Rock is located in the south, opposite to the north and south of Yungang Grottoes. It is a masterpiece of ancient sculpture in China.

Between Liu and Liu, Shao, a monk, lived in Qixia Mountain in seclusion, and some Tathagata shone in the Mengshan Rock, so he made a wish to build a cave, but failed. Zhong Zhang, the second son of the Ming Dynasty, inherited his legacy and asked the monk to design and chisel a niche on the stone wall of Xifeng. Together with the Dharma monk, he carved the Infinite Life Buddha (Amitabha Buddha) and Guanyin and Shizhi in 484, both of which are ten meters high. After the carving was completed, the noble literati in Qi and Liang Dynasties carved Buddha statues on the stone wall out of their own pockets, according to the height and width of the rocks, or five or six, or seven or eight for one painting, the so-called thousand Buddha stones. In May of the year of Liang Wudi (1 1), Wang Xiaohong, Liang Linchuan decorated the Buddha statue with great momentum. The "Giant Buddha Pavilion" carved by Zhong Zhang and Fadu is the first cave of Thousand Buddha Rock. It is also called "Infinite Hall" and "Three Great Halls" because it is dedicated to the three sages of the West. The brick doors of today's temples are the result of repairs by later generations. There are four niches in the east of the Great Buddha Hall and about twenty caves in the west. The rest are scattered on the rocks and on the north side of the rocks. Inside the shrine, there are either one Buddha and two bodhisattvas or one Buddha and two disciples. There are statues of Heavenly King and Lux on both sides of the cave gate. Two lions often squat under the Buddha statue. In the meantime, you can often see ancient inscriptions, among which Lu Jiuyuan's regular script "Ancient Thousand Buddha Rocks Qixia Mountain" is the most striking.

4. Wu Liangsi

Infinite Hall is the earliest and largest shrine of Thousand Buddha Rock. The boundless Buddha is in the middle, Guanyin is on both sides, and the trend is prosperous. The statue is symmetrical in shape and smooth in lines. The folding form of the Three Buddhas is similar to that of Yungang Grottoes, and the excavation age is seventeen years earlier than Yungang Grottoes. The statue is exquisite and simple, comparable to Datong Longmen. Its value lies in preserving the original rhyme of Buddha statues in the Southern Dynasties, especially in the south of the Yangtze River. Yan Qian has a unique "Buddha", that is, the "Shigong Buddha" on the left side of three temples. According to legend, when carving the last Buddha statue, the hammer was light and the stone did not move; Hammer weight, stone crack; It's not heavy, it's just a spark that can never be carved. Seeing that the time had come, the stonemason jumped into the niche to avoid everyone's death and became a "stone Buddha" with a hammer in one hand and a chisel in the other. This legend reflects the respect and nostalgia of later generations for Wang Shou, a famous craftsman in Ming Dynasty.

5. rainbow mirror

Jinghu Lake, located 50 meters in front of qixia temple Mountain, is a combination of Rainbow Bridge and Mingjing Lake. Jinghu Lake used to be the gathering place of Taohuajian water (now it has been diverted). The lake is clear and bright. There is a hexagonal pavilion on the lake, which is connected by a curved bridge shaped like a rainbow and nicknamed "rainbow mirror". Rainbow Bridge was destroyed by soldiers in Xianfeng period of Qing Dynasty. It was rebuilt in the 1920s and restored to its original appearance. Since then, bridges and pavilions have been restored. At 198 1, a rare phenomenon happened, such as the collapse of Mingjing Lake.

The Ming Monument was built by Emperor Li Zhi in the third year of Yuan Dynasty (676). Ming Chongyan, a hermit of Shao V, a famous monk who founded qixia temple in the Southern Dynasties, asked Li Zhi for a "Imperial Monument" to commemorate his ancestors and stood in front of qixia temple Mountain. Shao, a monk in the Ming Dynasty, was called ""by the world because of his repeated courtship. The monument is 2.74m high,1.31.36m wide and 0.36m thick. The head of the tablet is the Six Dragon Arch, and the seal script "Zheng Mingjun Tablet" was written by the Tang Dynasty calligrapher Wang Zhijing. On both sides of the monument, the lion headdress has passion fruit; The inscription was drafted by Li Zhi, a master calligrapher. The whole inscription is 2376 words with four or six rhymes, ending with 10 nouns. This monument records the life of Shao, a famous monk in the Ming Dynasty, and historical events such as carving statues at Xingxi Temple in Qixia Mountain during the Qi and Liang Dynasties. The inscription is engraved with the word "Qixia", which is said to be Li Zhi's imperial book. This stone tablet, with pea-like white spots, is the stem fossil of an animal sea lily and the coral fossil of China Cave in shallow sea 280 million years ago. There is a domineering fossil on the northern head of Xiagui, which was carved from the carbonaceous rocks of the Chuanshan Formation of the Upper Carboniferous 290 million years ago.

7. Grottoes statues

According to the evolution of literature and sculpture style, Qixia Grottoes sculpture can be roughly divided into three periods.

(1) The first question

It was built between Jin and Song Dynasties, that is, the first year of Song Yongguang. It is represented by two cave statues numbered Xia 026 and Xia 024 on the left side of Wuliangtang. Summarize the sculpture style of this period: they are all dome-shaped grottoes. The Buddha statues are short and square, mostly with high-bun spiral hair, U-shaped neckline, negative-engraved backlit Buddha clothes and lotus flowers on the back of the head. The coat is spread out on the altar and has a sub-shaped altar base. Bodhisattva wears a square bud and stands on the lotus seat. There are three caves, three walls and three niches.

stage Ⅱ

It was excavated for more than ten years at the end of the 5th century. Take the Wuji Temple (No.020) and its surrounding caves 022, 02 1, 0 19 (named as the 13th Cave of Nanjing Museum), 004, 102, 193, 089, 148, etc. It can be roughly divided into prophase and anaphase. Summarize the style of grottoes in this period: dome grottoes and three-walled annular altars. Most of the Buddhist altars are square and horizontal rectangles, and thousands of Buddhas appear. Compared with the first phase, the trunk of the Buddha statue is obviously elongated, and there are performances such as lying Buddha, standing Buddha and squatting Buddha. Buddha's clothing is also very rich. Buddha robes with a U-shaped neckline, in which "shawl droops", "recommended clothes" and "half-draped" cassock coexist, are printed with meditation and fearlessness, and the robe hangs and droops. Bodhisattva appeared wearing a garland and walked through the wall. Sculpture, circular carving and straight knife are mixed, and modeling is more important to human body performance. The thickness of clothing is weaker than that of the first phase, the trunk of Buddha statue is longer than that of the first phase, the image style with clear appearance is obvious, and the sculpture combination has also increased. Other sculpture elements, such as holding a lion's paw and kneeling a person, are also new contents in this issue.

(3) the third period

From the beginning of 6th century to the first year of Liang Tianzheng (55 1). Represented by the Buddha introduced in front of the Infinite Hall. What hurts badly is the low bun spiral hair. The Buddha's feet stand on the lotus seat, and the right collar of the Buddha's clothes is draped over his shoulder along his left arm. Most of the turning points of clothing patterns are convex and prismatic, symmetrically engraved on the chest, and the robes are thicker. Another statue is well preserved, with a thin coat that fits the body and a fine depiction of its lower chest and abdomen. The clothing pattern is shaped step by step, with a low bun and the same dress style as the previous work. The two Buddha statues are similar in shape, but slightly different in carving techniques and physical expression. Because the two statues are single-circle sculptures, their original positions can no longer be verified (first moved here from the stupa).

The rescue and maintenance project of China's largest stupa-Nanjing qixia temple stupa was completed at the end of 1993. This maintenance, presided over by Cai Run, an associate researcher of China Institute of Cultural Relics, has the largest scale and the highest technical level. It is mainly to bond eight stone members that fell hundreds of years ago due to natural weathering, lightning and other reasons to the original cracks.